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Human trafficking constitutes a transnational crime that inflicts physical, psychological, and economic suffering upon its victims. This research aims to analyze the fulfillment of restitution rights for victims of human trafficking and examine preventive efforts from the immigration perspective. According to Law Number 21 of 2007 concerning the Eradication of Human Trafficking, every victim has the right to restitution as compensation for losses suffered. However, implementation in practice still encounters numerous obstacles, including weak law enforcement, limited understanding among law enforcement officers, and insufficient technical regulations. This normative legal research employs statutory and conceptual approaches to examine primary legal materials, including Law Number 21 of 2007, Law Number 6 of 2011 on Immigration, and various implementing regulations. The findings indicate that legal protection for victims of human trafficking has not been optimal, with challenges including difficulties in proving immaterial losses, dual procedural systems between the Human Trafficking Law and Criminal Procedure Code, and weak coordination among law enforcement agencies. The Witness and Victim Protection Agency (LPSK) often cannot guarantee restitution payments as determined by judges. From the immigration perspective, the Directorate General of Immigration plays a strategic role in preventing human trafficking through travel document control, implementation of the Integrated Border Control Management (IBCM) system, education for prospective migrant workers, and cross-sectoral collaboration. However, challenges persist, including complex and evolving modus operandi, limited resources in remote border areas, and inter-agency coordination obstacles. The study concludes that synergy between institutions and improvements in education and regulation are required to ensure victims' restitution rights are fulfilled effectively.  

This research aims to analyze the role of the Department of Transportation in supervising violations of the operational hours of container trucks and bottled drinking water (AMDK) based on the Regional Regulation of Sukabumi Regency Number 17 of 2013. This regulation is implemented as an effort to control the negative impacts of heavy vehicles operating outside the designated hours, including traffic congestion, road damage, and disruptions to the safety of other road users. The research method used is normative-empirical with a field study approach and conducting in-depth interviews with various stakeholders, such as the Department of Transportation, law enforcement officers, and transportation business operators. Research findings indicate that the Transportation Department of Sukabumi Regency has carried out its supervisory role through regular patrol activities, the placement of operational prohibition signs, and conducting socialization to drivers and transportation companies. However, there are still challenges in the implementation of supervision, such as limited human resources, lack of supporting facilities, and minimal coordination between different sectors.

Drinking and uncommendable behavior are two intertwined things. Recently, an event that has disturbed the community has become more frequent. Some sexual crimes against children occur after the perpetrator drinks alcohol, where people will be encouraged to commit heinous acts, when their intellect has been influenced by alcohol. The Sikka Regency Government together with the Sikka Regency Regional People's Representative Council made Sikka Regency Regional Regulation Number 11 of 2012 concerning the Supervision and Control of Alcoholic Beverages, as a preventive effort to overcome social problems in the community, namely, the high number of traffic accidents, Domestic Violence (KDRT) and vandalism triggered by alcoholic beverages. This research is an empirical juridical law research. This study is descriptive and analyzes primary data to find out the Implementation of Sikka Regency Regional Regulation Number 11 of 2012 concerning Supervision and Control of Alcoholic Beverages. Data collection uses observation, documentation and interview techniques. The results of the study show that: (1) The implementation of Sikka Regency Regional Regulation Number 11 of 2012 concerning Supervision and Control of Alcoholic Beverages needs to be followed up because there are still obstacles faced (2) The impact of the Implementation of Sikka Regency Regional Regulation Number 11 of 2012 concerning Supervision and Control of Alcoholic Beverages, one of which is a decrease in revenue.

Driving discipline is an important attitude that must be possessed by all drivers or drivers in order to arrive safely at their destination. Traffic violations still occur frequently, one of which is smoking and calling while driving. The Transportation Service is an implementing element of the Regional Government in the field of Transportation which has the main task, namely Organizing Government affairs in the field of land, sea and air transportation, in accordance with the Laws and Regulations. This type of research shows empirical juridical research, with data collection techniques through interviews, observations, and literature/document studies. The data collected is analyzed descriptively, the data that has been processed will be analyzed using the descriptive analysis method. The results of this study show: (1) The implementation of the duties and functions of the Kupang City Transportation Office for motorcyclists who smoke and call while driving is not / or has not been effective in accordance with the provisions of applicable laws and regulations. (2) There are several factors that hinder the implementation of the duties and functions of the Kupang City Transportation Office for motorcyclists who smoke and call while driving, including the legal factors themselves and the factors of facilities and infrastructure, namely the main obstacle is the unavailability of the budget. These two factors certainly have an interest that always hinders or affects the implementation of the rules regarding the prohibition of smoking and calling while driving, making the rules ineffective. Based on the results of the research, the author has several suggestions, namely improving the implementation of duties and functions for motorcyclists who smoke and call while driving, in accordance with the provisions of applicable laws and regulations and add educational programs and campaigns in the community related to the dangers of smoking and calling while driving, in addition to law enforcement must be carried out consistently by providing clear sanctions so that it has a deterrent effect,  and local governments need to allocate budgets to improve facilities and infrastructure that support control.      

Traffic and road transportation have an important role in supporting national development and integration as part of efforts to advance general welfare as mandated by the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. The type of research used in this research is empirical juridical research, namely legal research. which is carried out by direct research or secondary data consisting of primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials. Data collection methods are techniques or methods that can be used by researchers to collect data. The data analysis technique used in this legal research uses qualitative analysis.  Based on research that has been carried out, the duties and authority of the Deli Serdang City Traffic Police are fully in accordance with the provisions of Law Number 22 of 2009 concerning Road Traffic and Transportation by ordering and supervising the flow of traffic so that the safety and smoothness of traffic on public roads is maintained. . Various methods and forms of control are carried out by the police, but there are still traffic violators who violate traffic rules. In accordance with Law No. 22 of 2009 concerning Traffic and Road Transport Rules, and Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) owned by the Deli Serdang Regency Police Traffic Unit, control is carried out by warning and ticketing vehicles so that a ticket is given. Based on the results of the interviews, researchers could find out that the implementation of legal socialization carried out by law enforcers was not effective because they only socialized it at the school level and in the fields under Deli Serdang, but the people in the villages or sub-districts did not receive this socialization.  Based on the results of the research, it is concluded that the obstacles that arise in the implementation of Law Number 22 of 2009 concerning Road Traffic and Transportation (Study of Traffic Control in the Legal Area of ​​the Deli Serdang City Police. There are several inhibiting factors that cause the implementation of Law No. 22. 2009 Article 77 Paragraph 1 concerning Traffic and Road Transport Rules for Riding Motorbikes in Deli Serdang Regency and to determine the effectiveness or ineffectiveness of legal regulations regarding the obligation to have a driver's license for driving motorized vehicles when driving in the LLAJ Law