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Background:Tuberculosis remains a serious public health challenge in Indonesia, including in Pekalongan City, which sees an annual increase in cases. The still high number of TB cases and deaths each year indicates that the program being implemented is not yet fully effective, therefore requiring active community involvement, increased capacity of health workers, and closer cross-sector integration. Aims: This activity aims to provide comprehensive community nursing care through a promotive and preventive approach, with an emphasis on identifying risky behaviors, knowledge deficits, and non-adherence to TB treatment. Method: The methods used included community assessment, establishing a community nursing diagnosis, planning education-based interventions, implementing outreach and simulation activities, and evaluating outcomes. Results: The results of the activity indicated that most people have limited knowledge about TB prevention, and that risky behaviors and non-adherence to therapy persist. Interventions, including group outreach, interactive discussions, and education on the importance of medication adherence, demonstrated increased knowledge and healthier behavior changes. Conclution: The conclusion of this activity emphasized the importance of the active role of community nurses in reducing TB transmission rates through educational approaches, active surveillance, and cross-sector collaboration. Recommendations focused on strengthening ongoing education and the involvement of families and community health workers in early detection and monitoring of TB patient therapy.

Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and pose a significant public health challenge in Indonesia. Indonesian Army (TNI AD) personnel are at risk of developing NCDs due to operational stress, smoking habits, unhealthy dietary patterns, sleep disturbances, and insufficient physical activity outside working hours. Health education is an effective health promotion strategy to improve awareness and encourage healthy lifestyle behaviors for NCD prevention. This community service program aimed to improve the knowledge of Indonesian Army personnel regarding the prevention of non-communicable diseases through health education. Methods: The program was conducted at the 18/YKR Combat Engineer Battalion, Gianyar, Bali, in August 2024 and involved 40 Indonesian Army personnel. The intervention consisted of preparation, health education delivered through lectures and interactive discussions, and evaluation using pre-test and post-test questionnaires to assess participants' knowledge before and after the educational session. Results: Before the intervention, 29 participants (72.5%) had fair knowledge and 11 (27.5%) had good knowledge regarding NCD prevention. Following the health education session, the number of participants with good knowledge increased to 14 (35.0%), while those with fair knowledge decreased to 26 (65.0%). Most participants also demonstrated improved post-test scores, indicating enhanced understanding of NCD risk factors and preventive measures. Conclusion: Health education effectively improved participants' knowledge regarding NCD prevention. Regular and sustainable educational programs in military settings are recommended to strengthen awareness, promote healthy lifestyle practices, and support the prevention of non-communicable diseases among Indonesian Army personnel.

Students of the Indonesian School of Jeddah (SIJ) are predominantly categorized as Third Culture Kids (TCK) who face sociocultural challenges and complex health determinants, including a high risk of dental caries and limited character monitoring outside the classroom. This transnational community service program aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an integrated educational model using audio-visual media through the “Happy Teeth, Bright Smile” campaign and self-monitoring through the “My Adventure Journal” in improving oral health literacy and students’ character behavior. The study employed a Participatory Action Research (PAR) approach with mixed methods involving 155 elementary and junior high school students. Dental knowledge data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test, while journal compliance was calculated descriptively using the Grand Mean method and triangulated with content analysis of parental feedback. The results showed that elementary students’ compliance with daily character missions increased by 28.31%, particularly in the discipline dimension. Among junior high school students, multimedia intervention significantly improved clinical preventive knowledge (p < 0.001), with mean scores increasing from 77.00 to 90.20. Parental feedback indicated improvements in self-regulation, responsibility, and self-confidence. The study concludes that optimizing the Tripartite Partnership among university students, schools, and parents is effective in strengthening psychosocial resilience and students’ basic health independence in a transnational environment.

Aerobic capacity, commonly measured by maximal oxygen uptake (VO₂max), is a key indicator of physical fitness and athletic performance, particularly in endurance sports. Recent attention has focused on the role of respiratory muscle function in supporting exercise performance, as respiratory muscle fatigue during high-intensity or prolonged activity may reduce ventilatory efficiency and exercise tolerance. This literature review aims to examine current evidence regarding the effects of Respiratory Muscle Training (RMT), including Inspiratory Muscle Training (IMT), on aerobic capacity in athletes. Relevant studies were identified through electronic databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar using keywords related to respiratory muscle training, VO₂max, and athletes. The reviewed studies generally reported improvements in inspiratory muscle strength, reduced respiratory muscle fatigue, and enhanced ventilatory efficiency following RMT interventions. These physiological adaptations may contribute to better exercise tolerance and overall athletic performance. However, evidence regarding direct improvements in VO₂max remains inconsistent across studies. The findings suggest that RMT can be used as a complementary strategy alongside conventional training programs to support aerobic performance. In addition, improved respiratory muscle function may provide benefits in health promotion and rehabilitation by reducing dyspnea and increasing exercise tolerance. Further well-designed studies are needed to clarify the extent of RMT’s contribution to improving VO₂max in athletic populations.

Aerobic capacity, commonly measured by maximal oxygen uptake (VO₂max), is a key indicator of physical fitness and athletic performance, particularly in endurance sports. Recent attention has focused on the role of respiratory muscle function in supporting exercise performance, as respiratory muscle fatigue during high-intensity or prolonged activity may reduce ventilatory efficiency and exercise tolerance. This literature review aims to examine current evidence regarding the effects of Respiratory Muscle Training (RMT), including Inspiratory Muscle Training (IMT), on aerobic capacity in athletes. Relevant studies were identified through electronic databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar using keywords related to respiratory muscle training, VO₂max, and athletes. The reviewed studies generally reported improvements in inspiratory muscle strength, reduced respiratory muscle fatigue, and enhanced ventilatory efficiency following RMT interventions. These physiological adaptations may contribute to better exercise tolerance and overall athletic performance. However, evidence regarding direct improvements in VO₂max remains inconsistent across studies. The findings suggest that RMT can be used as a complementary strategy alongside conventional training programs to support aerobic performance. In addition, improved respiratory muscle function may provide benefits in health promotion and rehabilitation by reducing dyspnea and increasing exercise tolerance. Further well-designed studies are needed to clarify the extent of RMT’s contribution to improving VO₂max in athletic populations.

The development of digital communication technology has encouraged health institutions to utilize social media as a medium for health promotion and information dissemination. This study aims to analyze the effect of Instagram content management on audience responses at Lakespra dr. Saryanto. The research used a quantitative approach with a survey method involving 60 respondents selected from members of Lakespra dr. Saryanto. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed online and analyzed using validity tests, reliability tests, descriptive statistics, and simple linear regression with IBM SPSS Statistics. The results showed that all questionnaire items were valid and reliable, with Cronbach’s Alpha values of 0.951 for the content management variable and 0.934 for the audience response variable. The regression analysis indicated that Instagram content management had a significant effect on audience responses, with a significance value of 0.000 and an F value of 184.783. The coefficient of determination showed that Instagram content management contributed 76.1% to audience responses, including engagement, understanding of health information, and interest in health services. The findings indicate that visually attractive, informative, and consistent Instagram content can improve audience interaction and support digital health communication effectively.

The high volume of fishery waste often poses an environmental burden if not managed appropriately. Conversely, the circular economy concept offers sustainable solutions aligned with Maqasid Shariah principles in environmental preservation (Hifz al-Alam). This study aims to educate and implement the processing of fish waste into high-quality animal feed that meets halal standards (halalan thayyiban). This research employs a qualitative approach using the Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) method. The stages include socializing the concept of Sharia circular economy, technical training on waste processing, and nutritional content testing of the feed. The findings indicate an 80% increase in community understanding regarding the economic value of waste. Technically, the fish waste processing successfully produced an alternative animal feed with high protein content, free from najis (impurity) through a purification process according to Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh). This education proves that the integration of circular economy and Sharia principles not only reduces environmental impact but also creates sustainable economic added value for local communities.

The high volume of fishery waste often poses an environmental burden if not managed appropriately. Conversely, the circular economy concept offers sustainable solutions aligned with Maqasid Shariah principles in environmental preservation (Hifz al-Alam). This study aims to educate and implement the processing of fish waste into high-quality animal feed that meets halal standards (halalan thayyiban). This research employs a qualitative approach using the Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) method. The stages include socializing the concept of Sharia circular economy, technical training on waste processing, and nutritional content testing of the feed. The findings indicate an 80% increase in community understanding regarding the economic value of waste. Technically, the fish waste processing successfully produced an alternative animal feed with high protein content, free from najis (impurity) through a purification process according to Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh). This education proves that the integration of circular economy and Sharia principles not only reduces environmental impact but also creates sustainable economic added value for local communities.

Antibiotic resistance is a global health problem that requires international efforts to prevent the ineffectiveness of existing antibiotics and support the development of new antimicrobial agents. The increasing use of antibiotics in the community must be accompanied by proper understanding regarding rational antibiotic use to minimize the risk of resistance. This community service activity aimed to provide education on rational antibiotic use and the dangers of antibiotic resistance to undergraduate nutrition students at STIKes Adila, Bandar Lampung. The activity was conducted through educational sessions using flyers, presentation slides, and interactive discussions to encourage active participation and improve understanding of the topic. Evaluation was carried out using pre-test and post-test assessments to measure changes in participants’ knowledge levels. Descriptive analysis showed an improvement in participants’ knowledge, with the high knowledge category increasing from 0% during the pre-test to 85% in the post-test, while the low knowledge category decreased from 35.5% to 0% after the intervention. These findings indicate that educational interventions can effectively enhance awareness and understanding of rational antibiotic use and the prevention of antibiotic resistance. Therefore, continuous educational programs are important to promote responsible antibiotic use and support public health efforts in combating antibiotic resistance.

Antibiotic resistance is a global health problem that requires international efforts to prevent the ineffectiveness of existing antibiotics and support the development of new antimicrobial agents. The increasing use of antibiotics in the community must be accompanied by proper understanding regarding rational antibiotic use to minimize the risk of resistance. This community service activity aimed to provide education on rational antibiotic use and the dangers of antibiotic resistance to undergraduate nutrition students at STIKes Adila, Bandar Lampung. The activity was conducted through educational sessions using flyers, presentation slides, and interactive discussions to encourage active participation and improve understanding of the topic. Evaluation was carried out using pre-test and post-test assessments to measure changes in participants’ knowledge levels. Descriptive analysis showed an improvement in participants’ knowledge, with the high knowledge category increasing from 0% during the pre-test to 85% in the post-test, while the low knowledge category decreased from 35.5% to 0% after the intervention. These findings indicate that educational interventions can effectively enhance awareness and understanding of rational antibiotic use and the prevention of antibiotic resistance. Therefore, continuous educational programs are important to promote responsible antibiotic use and support public health efforts in combating antibiotic resistance.

Reproductive health is an aspect of health that still requires serious attention, particularly for women of reproductive age. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder with a prevalence of 3.4% among women worldwide, yet it often goes undetected due to a lack of awareness. This community service activity aims to increase the knowledge of women of reproductive age regarding menstruation, PCOS, and the importance of early detection through an educational webinar titled “Hormone Talk: Exploring Menstruation, PCOS, and the Importance of Early Detection.” The event was held online via the Zoom Meeting platform on December 13, 2025, and was attended by over 100 participants, the majority of whom were female students. The evaluation method utilized pre-tests and post-tests analyzed using a Dependent T-test. The results showed a significant increase in the average knowledge score from 64.78 (pre-test) to 79.67 (post-test), with a difference of 14.89 points and a p-value of 0.000. This demonstrates that reproductive health educational webinars are effective in enhancing participants’ knowledge. It is hoped that this activity can serve as a model for sustainable digital-based health promotion interventions in efforts to improve reproductive health literacy among Indonesian women.

Ultraviolet (UV) exposure is a significant ocular health risk for outdoor workers, particularly PPSU officers in tropical regions. This community engagement program aimed to improve UV risk awareness and eye protection. Methods included basic eye examinations, interactive education, and counseling on personal protective equipment involving 53 PPSU workers in Pengadegan, South Jakarta. Results indicated that participants initially had limited knowledge and inconsistent use of eye protection. Following the intervention, there was a notable increase in understanding and a willingness to adopt preventive behaviors. In conclusion, simple educational interventions effectively enhance eye health awareness among urban outdoor workers. Such programs should be sustained as part of occupational health promotion and prevention strategies to ensure long-term worker safety.

Hypertension is a global health problem that requires ongoing management, one of which is through a low-salt diet. However, many people with hypertension do not adhere to this diet due to a lack of information and understanding of the disease's risks. The Health Belief Model (HBM) can be utilized as a health education method to encourage hypertension management behavior using leaflets. This study aims to analyze the application of the HBM theory in the use of leaflets to increase knowledge about a low-salt diet among hypertensive patients in the community. The method used in this study was a literature review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines through the steps of identification, screening, eligibility assessment, and selection of articles until 16 articles were obtained that met the inclusion criteria. The results of this study indicate that leaflets are effective in increasing knowledge about a low-salt diet, adherence to health behaviors, and blood pressure control for people with hypertension. The components of the HBM, such as perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, and cues to action, play a role in shaping risk perceptions and encouraging changes in health behavior. Therefore, leaflets based on HBM are highly recommended as a form of promotional and preventive intervention in nursing practice in the community because they are easy to use, low cost, and support self-management of hypertension.

Abstract. Stunting remains a major public health issue in Indonesia, necessitating health promotion and prevention efforts through health education. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of leaflets in health promotion to prevent stunting in mothers with toddlers. The method used was a literature review with the PRISMA approach, by searching for articles in the Google Scholar, Garuda, PubMed, and Neliti databases using the keywords "stunting," "leaflet," "health promotion," and "health education." Of the 55 articles found, 16 met the inclusion criteria for analysis. The results of the analysis showed that the use of leaflets can improve mothers' understanding and attitudes regarding stunting prevention, including knowledge about balanced nutrition, exclusive breastfeeding, complementary feeding, and the First 1000 Days of Life (HPK). Leaflets were considered practical, easy to understand, and can be used repeatedly as a means of public health education. The conclusion of this study states that leaflets are effective for use in health promotion as a measure to prevent stunting in community nursing practice.

Abstract. Stunting remains a major public health issue in Indonesia, necessitating health promotion and prevention efforts through health education. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of leaflets in health promotion to prevent stunting in mothers with toddlers. The method used was a literature review with the PRISMA approach, by searching for articles in the Google Scholar, Garuda, PubMed, and Neliti databases using the keywords "stunting," "leaflet," "health promotion," and "health education." Of the 55 articles found, 16 met the inclusion criteria for analysis. The results of the analysis showed that the use of leaflets can improve mothers' understanding and attitudes regarding stunting prevention, including knowledge about balanced nutrition, exclusive breastfeeding, complementary feeding, and the First 1000 Days of Life (HPK). Leaflets were considered practical, easy to understand, and can be used repeatedly as a means of public health education. The conclusion of this study states that leaflets are effective for use in health promotion as a measure to prevent stunting in community nursing practice.

Hypertension is a global health problem that requires ongoing management, one of which is through a low-salt diet. However, many people with hypertension do not adhere to this diet due to a lack of information and understanding of the disease's risks. The Health Belief Model (HBM) can be utilized as a health education method to encourage hypertension management behavior using leaflets. This study aims to analyze the application of the HBM theory in the use of leaflets to increase knowledge about a low-salt diet among hypertensive patients in the community. The method used in this study was a literature review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines through the steps of identification, screening, eligibility assessment, and selection of articles until 16 articles were obtained that met the inclusion criteria. The results of this study indicate that leaflets are effective in increasing knowledge about a low-salt diet, adherence to health behaviors, and blood pressure control for people with hypertension. The components of the HBM, such as perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, and cues to action, play a role in shaping risk perceptions and encouraging changes in health behavior. Therefore, leaflets based on HBM are highly recommended as a form of promotional and preventive intervention in nursing practice in the community because they are easy to use, low cost, and support self-management of hypertension.

Adolescents are considered a vulnerable group to nutritional problems because they experience rapid physical growth accompanied by lifestyle changes and unhealthy eating habits. The increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity among teenagers has become a major public health concern that requires serious attention. This study was conducted to examine the relationship between peer influence, the frequency of eating out, and fast-food consumption habits with the incidence of overweight among students at SMAN 1 Surabaya. The research applied a quantitative approach using an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional method. A total of 81 students participated in the study and were selected through proportional random sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires, SQ-FFQ forms, and anthropometric measurements, then analyzed using the Chi-Square statistical test. The findings revealed significant associations between peer influence, eating out frequency, and fast-food consumption habits with the occurrence of overweight among adolescents. Students who more frequently consumed meals outside the home and regularly ate fast food showed a greater tendency to experience overweight and obesity. These results indicate that social environments and modern dietary patterns contribute to the increasing prevalence of overweight among adolescents. Therefore, nutrition education and healthy lifestyle promotion should be strengthened through the involvement of schools, families, and peer groups.

The highly competitive healthcare industry in Cirebon poses a significant challenge for Klinik Utama X, especially as a non-BPJS facility. This condition requires a paradigm shift from a provider-centric marketing mix to a patient-centric approach to retain patient loyalty. This study aims to evaluate and formulate the marketing strategy of Klinik Utama X using a comparative 4P (Product, Price, Place, Promotion) and 4C (Customer Solution, Customer Cost, Convenience, Communication) approach based on SWOT analysis. This research used a qualitative descriptive design with purposive sampling, gathering primary and secondary data through in-depth interviews, observations, and document studies. The data were systematically evaluated using Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE) and External Factor Evaluation (EFE) matrices. The findings reveal that the clinic is strategically positioned in Quadrant I, with an IFAS score of 2.53 and an EFAS score of 2.60, indicating strong internal capabilities to seize external opportunities. The recommended aggressive growth strategy involves integrating psychiatric and aesthetic services, penetrating the Business-to-Business (B2B) market through corporate medical check-ups, accelerating digitalization via telemedicine and online queuing, and preparing for BPJS accreditation. The managerial implications suggest that the clinic must prioritize resolving internal human resources and strengthening financial record-keeping systems before investing heavily in medical assets, while actively expanding digital convenience and corporate partnerships to secure short-term financial stability.

The Alpha generation is currently facing big challenges in balancing virtual activities and real life, where the high intensity of using devices often shifts priorities for worship, especially during the month of Ramadan. This dependence on digital screens triggers individualistic attitudes and reduces children's levels of religious participation. Therefore, this community service activity aims to increase the capacity of parents and children to implement time management and limit screen time effectively. The method used is a social marketing approach combined with participatory observation techniques, interactive visual promotions, and educational simulation games which were implemented in the Imaduddin Mosque Youth Hall, Medokan Ayu, Surabaya. The results of the activity showed a significant increase in understanding among children and parents regarding the importance of setting time limits for using devices. Generation Alpha children responded positively by enthusiastically setting their own daily priority scale between playing and worshiping without feeling forced. The implications of this activity include long-term changes to the social and spiritual dynamics of residents, the creation of a more harmonious family environment with minimal conflict related to confiscation of devices, as well as the revival of the function of mosques as centers of communal interaction for the younger generation. It is hoped that the independence of citizens in educating children will be able to build the foundation for a future generation that is digitally intelligent, mentally healthy and has a strong religious character.

Adolescence is an important transitional period characterized by the maturity of the reproductive organs.In coastal areas such as Suppa District, lack of access to scientific information increases the risk of inappropriate sexual behavior among adolescents.The PkM aims to increase students' understanding of reproductive anatomy and physiology, provide prevention education related to sexually transmitted diseases,early pregnancy, promiscuity, and encourage the implementation of a clean and healthy lifestyle.The target of this activity was students in grades VIII and IX of SMP Negeri 2 Suppa, Pinrang Regency,South Sulawesi Province, with the number of participants reaching 60 people.The implementation method was carried out with an active participatory approach, including filling out a pre-test questionnaire,delivering material through interactive lectures with the help of multimedia presentation slides and booklets, Focus Group Discussion  to overcome participants' awkwardness,and ending with filling out a post-test.The success of the program was evaluated based on knowledge improvement through a structured questionnaire instrument.The results of the evaluation showed a significant increase in the average student understanding by 45.0%,from the average pre-test score of 43.3% to 88.3% in the post-test. The highest increase in knowledge was recorded in the STD prevention and promiscuity categories, from 35.0% to 85.0%.This activity has proven effective in improving students' objective medical understanding and correcting false myths in society.As a further tactical step, it is recommended that schools activate School Health Unit  in collaboration with local health centers and form peer counselors guided by BK teachers to maintain the sustainability of the positive impact of the program.