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The last few decades of the institutionalization of Islamic finance are notable for the fundamental controversies surrounding its institutionalization. These controversies can be seen rooted in the dual phenomena of the legalistic form taking Islamic finance as a practice and the overwhelming reliance on modern managerial paradigms. There are significant ethical gaps as consequence. The objective of the current research is to aim to help reconstruct the philosophy of Islamic financial management from the perspective of the maqasid al-shariah and, importantly, to treat it as a primary lens and not secondary. The research employs a qualitative conceptual and philosophical approach and attempts to engage the prevailing paradigms and contours of Islamic finance through the lenses of ontology, epistemology and axiology. The research finds that contemporary Islamic financial management suffers from a deficient ontology of profit, epistemology of compliance and an axiology that is instrumentally weak. In light of the above, the research articulates the philosophy of Islamic Finance in the direction of the maqasid and posits that finance as an instrument of maslahah, and so, in that order, integrate revelation, reason, and the socio-economic order, and it is, thereby, just to place the preeminent values of human dignity, justice and the welfare of the greater good (public) in the financing of maslahah. The research articulates a coherently formulated philosophy of Islamic financial management based on the maqasid for the Islamic financial management of practice and for empirical, policy and institutional Islamic finance reform, and so makes a significant theoretical contribution.

This study compares the scalability and maintainability of three prominent programming paradigms-functional programming (FP), object-oriented programming (OOP), and declarative programming (DP)-in the context of distributed data processing systems. The research aims to evaluate how each paradigm performs under increased data volume and its ability to handle complex operations, while also assessing the ease of maintenance through code readability, modularity, and the flexibility of updating and debugging. The study employs a comparative experimental design, implementing identical data processing tasks, such as data aggregation, filtering, and transformation, across each paradigm. Key findings indicate that FP and DP outperform OOP in terms of scalability, with their stateless nature and high-level abstractions enabling efficient parallel processing and task distribution. FP, with its emphasis on immutability and concurrency, and DP, with its focus on describing desired outcomes rather than implementation specifics, both demonstrate superior performance in handling large datasets. However, while OOP excels in modularity and flexibility, its reliance on mutable state and shared resources hampers its scalability in distributed environments. In terms of maintainability, both FP and DP offer clearer, more maintainable code due to their abstraction levels, making them easier to update and extend. OOP, while modular, presents challenges in managing mutable state, complicating maintenance. This paper concludes with practical recommendations for developers on when to use each paradigm based on system requirements and suggests areas for future research, such as hybrid paradigms and long-term maintainability studies in real-world applications.

In high-performance computing (HPC) environments, the need to balance memory efficiency and query performance is crucial for ensuring optimal system performance. Traditional data structures, such as B-trees and hash tables, often prioritize either memory usage or query speed, leading to suboptimal performance in memory-constrained systems. This paper proposes a hybrid data structure that combines the strengths of multiple traditional data structures to optimize both memory usage and query processing speed. The proposed hybrid structure integrates cache-conscious algorithms, dynamic memory allocation, and compression techniques for intermediate query results. The approach is evaluated through extensive benchmarking tests comparing it to standard data structures like B-trees and hash tables under various workloads. Results show that the hybrid data structure reduces memory overhead by up to 30% while maintaining query processing speeds up to 1.5 times faster than conventional methods. Furthermore, the hybrid structure demonstrates robust performance across different types of queries, including both point and range queries, ensuring versatility and efficiency. The findings indicate that this hybrid approach provides a promising solution for HPC systems, where both memory efficiency and query speed are essential. Future research can explore extending the hybrid structure to distributed systems and emerging technologies, further improving its scalability and adaptability to new computational paradigms.

Education plays a very important role in shaping morality, character, and self-esteem. Through Delors (1996), UNESCO outlines four pillars of modern education: learning to know, learning to do, learning to be, and learning to live together, which support human development. These principles have long been integrated into the Islamic educational tradition through the concept of Kaffah  Islam, which encourages faith, knowledge, and charity. The purpose of this study is to analyze the relevance and integration of UNESCO's educational principles from the perspective of Kaffah  and to analyze their implementation during the colonial era. Through a qualitative approach and literature review, the research findings show philosophical and practical agreement between the two paradigms. Islamic education during the colonial era not only served as a means of teaching religious knowledge but also as a means of fostering moral character, social solidarity, and a sense of responsibility in the face of a discriminatory education system. Thus, the integration of UNESCO and Kaffah  Islam shows that Islamic education had adopted the concept of holistic education before the formation of modern UNESCO. To support civilized independent education, it is important to contextualize these values in order to strengthen national education that balances knowledge, skills, spirituality, and social solidarity. 

Chronic diseases such as chronic kidney disease (CKD), diabetes, and heart disease remain major causes of mortality worldwide, highlighting the need for accurate and interpretable diagnostic models. However, conventional machine learning methods often face challenges of limited generalization, feature redundancy, and class imbalance in medical datasets. This study proposes an integrated classification framework that unifies three complementary feature paradigms: classical tabular attributes, deep latent features extracted through an unsupervised Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) encoder, and quantum-inspired features derived from a five-qubit circuit implemented in PennyLane. These heterogeneous features are fused using a feature-wise attention mechanism combined with an AdaBoost classifier to dynamically weight feature contributions and enhance decision boundaries. Experiments were conducted on three benchmark medical datasets—CKD, early-stage diabetes, and heart disease—under both balanced and imbalanced configurations using stratified five-fold cross-validation. All preprocessing and feature extraction steps were carefully isolated within each fold to ensure fair evaluation. The proposed hybrid model consistently outperformed conventional and ensemble baselines, achieving peak accuracies of 99.75% (CKD), 96.73% (diabetes), and 91.40% (heart disease) with corresponding ROC AUCs up to 1.00. Ablation analyses confirmed that attention-based fusion substantially improved both accuracy and recall, particularly under imbalanced conditions, while SMOTE contributed minimally once feature-level optimization was applied. Overall, the attention-guided AdaBoost framework provides a robust and interpretable approach for clinical risk prediction, demonstrating that integrating diverse quantum, deep, and classical representations can significantly enhance feature discriminability and model reliability in structured medical data.

Arabic language instruction has traditionally centered on classical Islamic texts, emphasizing rote memorization, mastery of grammar (naḥw), and rhetorical eloquence (balāghah), which, while preserving linguistic authenticity, often fail to meet the evolving educational demands of the 21st century. In an age marked by rapid technological advancement and shifting pedagogical paradigms, there is a critical need to reform Arabic teaching by integrating traditional methods with digital tools and interdisciplinary approaches. This study adopts a qualitative, literature-based methodology to explore both the foundational principles of classical pedagogy and recent innovations, including learning management systems, gamification, and AI-enhanced learning technologies. Through comparative analysis, the research identifies key disjunctions and overlaps between heritage-based teaching and modern digital practices. From this synthesis, the study proposes a reconstructed pedagogical model built on four core elements: cognitive-linguistic scaffolding, digital integration, sociocultural contextualization, and multidisciplinary instruction. This integrative approach not only fosters greater student engagement but also promotes character development in line with the objectives of Islamic education (maqāṣid al-sharīʿah). Furthermore, it supports a more adaptive and culturally responsive learning environment, contributing to broader educational reform efforts aimed at holistic learning. The findings suggest that such a model is particularly well-suited to Islamic higher education contexts while also being adaptable to global academic systems. By bridging the gap between tradition and innovation, this framework offers both a theoretical and practical foundation for modernizing Arabic language pedagogy. It holds implications for curriculum development, instructional strategies, and educational policy, advocating for a future-oriented yet culturally rooted approach to language education that respects heritage while embracing necessary transformation.

This research is to find out a basic picture of the level of development Gross Motor Skill Activities  Grade IV students at SDN 6 Demuk, Pucanglaban District, Tulungagung Regency. Because this is another research, this research was carried out on a smaller scale at SDN 6 Demuk, Pucanglaban District, Tulungagung Regency. It is hoped that this research can serve as a guide for other researchers to conduct similar research at the national level. The reason for choosing elementary school students over preschool children is because elementary school students are easier to manage than preschool students. Thus, selecting younger and more beneficial primary school students. Gross Motor Skill Activities (GMSA) is a basic movement pattern to support more complex movements in sports and daily activities. Where elementary school age children, both PAUD, Kindergarten and Elementary School, really enjoy moving, whether playing sports or daily activities. In this research the author used a descriptive quantitative approach and research techniques used survey methods. Where all students will be evaluated with Test of Gross Motor Development-2 (TGMD-2). From a sample of 40 students consisting of 23 male students and 17 female students from 2 classes A and B. The following data was obtained: 23 male students obtained a percentage of 80.38%, 17 female students obtained a percentage of 80.14%, where these results can be categorized as very high for male students and high for female students. So it can be concluded that the level of development Gross Motor Skill Activities  class students at SDN 6 Demuk, Pucanglaban District, Tulungagung Regency for the 2023/2024 Academic Year can be said to be high.

The maritime industry operates in a complex, rapidly evolving global environment where decision-making accuracy is critical for operational efficiency, sustainability, and risk mitigation. Traditionally, maritime leadership has relied heavily on experience-based decision-making, often leading to cognitive biases and strategic inefficiencies. This study examines the role of scientific paradigms in managerial decision-making, emphasizing how structured epistemological reasoning enhances strategic accuracy and reduces decision-making errors. This research provides original value by addressing the limited integration of structured decision-making models in maritime leadership, which has been largely overlooked in previous studies. While scientific reasoning has transformed decision-making in industries such as finance and healthcare, its application in maritime management remains underdeveloped. The study explores the following research questions: To what extent do scientific paradigms influence managerial decision-making in maritime leadership? How can structured reasoning reduce bias and improve decision accuracy? Using a qualitative approach, semi-structured interviews were conducted with maritime experts, lecturers, and postgraduate students, followed by thematic analysis and comparative evaluation. Results indicate that structured decision frameworks significantly improve managerial effectiveness, yet barriers such as industry conservatism and limited competency development hinder widespread adoption. The study concludes that integrating scientific reasoning into maritime leadership training programs can enhance decision accuracy, promote evidence-based management, and ensure sustainable strategic planning.

The 21st century has witnessed a rapid digital transformation in global education, reshaping traditional learning paradigms and creating new opportunities and challenges. This study explores the impact of digitalization on educational accessibility, teaching methodologies, and student engagement. The research employs a qualitative approach, analyzing current trends, technological advancements, and policy implementations in various educational systems. The findings highlight the benefits of digital transformation, such as increased accessibility, personalized learning experiences, and the integration of artificial intelligence in education. However, challenges such as the digital divide, cybersecurity concerns, and the need for teacher training persist. The study underscores the importance of strategic policies and investment in digital infrastructure to ensure equitable and effective educational transformation worldwide.

In the era of artificial intelligence (AI), technology is growing rapidly and changing the way businesses are run. AI enables automation, big data analysis, and increased operational efficiency. However, this development also raises various ethical issues that companies need to pay attention to so as not to harm consumers, society, and the environment. This study explores the paradigm of artificial intelligence in the context of business ethics, focusing on its impacts, challenges, and potential benefits in the business world. This study uses a systematic literature review approach from various reputable sources. The article criteria include literature published from 2019 to 2024 with the theme of business ethics in the AI era, and other articles relevant to this study. Based on the search, 15 articles were determined that were relevant to the predetermined criteria. The results of the study found that in this study, AI is not only a technical tool to improve operational efficiency, but is also able to redefine business ethics in the modern era. AI offers great potential to overcome traditional ethical challenges and create new paradigms in business decision making. However, this opportunity is also accompanied by significant challenges, such as algorithmic bias, data privacy, and lack of regulation. This discussion will review the role of AI in business ethics, the benefits it brings, the challenges it faces, and the steps that can be taken to optimize the ethical use of AI.

This study aims to redesign the superstructure of the Sambungrejo Bridge in Sidoarjo, which has a span length of 16 meters. The Sambungrejo Bridge originally used WF 700.300.15.28 steel girders and C 300.100.10.16.8 diaphragms,that are susceptible to corrosion, especially during floods. The redesign involves replacing the steel girder with a Prestressed Concrete I Girder (PCI Girder) H-900mm, 170mm thick, produced by WIKA Beton, known for its superior corrosion resistance and construction efficiency. The research methodology includes structural analysis using Robot Structural Analysis Professional (RSAP) software, calculation of prestressing forces, and the design of the prestressing cable layout. The results of this study demonstrate that the use of PCI Girder does not reduce the structural dimensions of the bridge but also proves to be more compatible with the flood water conditions at the site. The total cost required for implementing the new bridge superstructure design is Rp. 4.372.201.

This study explores the integration of Islamic epistemology with modern scientific methodologies, proposing a pluralistic epistemic framework that bridges the gap between divine revelation (wahyu), rationality (aql), and empirical knowledge. The research investigates the comparative relationship between traditional Islamic knowledge systems, particularly classical Qur'anic hermeneutics, modern tafsir approaches, and contemporary scientific methods. Traditional Islamic epistemology, grounded in metaphysical and theological frameworks, often emphasizes the separation of spiritual knowledge from empirical science. However, modern scientific methodologies, which prioritize empirical observation and rational inquiry, have created challenges for reconciling Islamic thought with contemporary scientific paradigms. This study identifies common epistemic grounds, such as the use of reason, observation, and the search for truth, as shared goals between Islamic epistemology and modern science. The proposed integrative model of Islamic epistemic pluralism offers a more cohesive and relevant approach to knowledge by acknowledging both spiritual and scientific insights. This model suggests that divine revelation and empirical science can coexist in an inclusive epistemic framework, providing a more comprehensive understanding of reality. The implications of this integrative model for Islamic thought, education, and research are significant, suggesting potential for broader interdisciplinary collaboration and a more holistic approach to addressing modern challenges. The study concludes by calling for further research into practical frameworks for applying Islamic epistemic pluralism across various fields, such as social sciences, engineering, and environmental studies, to contribute to a more inclusive and dynamic global intellectual discourse.

Family Planning program is very important because it can suppress the birth rate and minimize the number of people , but in the era of reform and implemented regional autonomy, family planning programs can not run smoothly, it is because not all local government district / city committed to the program of population and family plans. The purpose of the study was to analyze the decentralization family planning program in the Era of Regional Autonomy in District / City .The research method uses       Qualitative and descriptive method, and also using secondary data. Research results the existence  that family planning is not a priority in developing regions, and the materialistic  perspective will only make this program further drown. Efforts to revive the program can be done through advocacy approaches and instensif again. We recommend that all elements of policy makers, especially (regent / Mayor) had the foresight and understanding that family planning is a long term investment remains conserved.The management of the Family Planning program in the Regency/City in the era of regional autonomy is no longer carried out by the agency that handles the Family Planning Program, but has been combined with other programs, from the organizational structure there has been a change, previously responsible to the province, now entirely to the respective regents/mayors. The position and function of the Provincial Population and Family Planning Agency are less advantageous because this institution is still a vertical institution (centralization), but also  this institution must deal with regional institutions that already have their own paradigms in the organization.

Violent theft is indeed a crime that makes society restless. People dare to do it because of weak economic factors and always expect wealth that takes the property of others. The phenomenon that has occurred in society lately is that many perpetrators of violent theft are minors. This study aims to determine, examine and analyze 1. The Criminal Act of Violent Theft in Positive Law, 2. The Purpose of the Juvenile Criminal Justice System Based on Several Paradigms (Individual Guidance, Restorative Paradigm, and Distributive), According to the Beijing Rules, and the Children's Convention. The approach method used in this study is normative juridical. The specification of this study is descriptive analytical, the data source used is secondary data. Secondary data is data obtained from library research consisting of primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials. Based on the research results, it can be concluded: 1. The crime of aggravated theft or theft with violence regulated in Article 365 is also a theft with qualifications or is a theft with aggravating elements. Thus, what is regulated in this article is actually only one crime, and not two crimes consisting of the crime of 'theft' and the crime of 'using violence against people'. 2. The juvenile justice system will prioritize the welfare of children and will ensure that any reaction to juvenile lawbreakers will always be commensurate with the circumstances of both the lawbreakers and the lawbreakers.

The Holding Company is part of the company, the Holding Company Philosophy which was originally to create added value, efficiency and strengthen the supply chain has now become a business innovation for the company's development in Indonesia. Because the Holding Company is part of the Company, the highest position in the company is the GMS. The position of the GMS in the holding company has the same role as in the company, namely making strategic decisions, overseeing company performance, and maintaining transparency and accountability even though the holding company itself is a holding company which under its control oversees the policies of the subsidiary companies it shelters.