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Stocks represent a capital market instrument with the potential to generate high returns. When making investment decisions, investors typically assess various internal aspects of a company, including its financial performance. The objective of this study is to examine the influence of profitability, liquidity, and leverage ratios on stock prices in the Indonesian banking sector, with a particular focus on state-owned banks, in both partial and simultaneous regression models. The methodology employed is quantitative analysis, with a secondary data set being utilized. The sample was determined using a purposive sampling technique, covering four state-owned banks (BRI, BNI, Mandiri, and BTN) for the 2010-2024 period. The findings of the analysis demonstrate that profitability and leverage exert a substantial negative influence on the stock prices of these banking institutions, while the liquidity ratio does not demonstrate a significant effect. Concurrently, all three variables exert an influence on stock prices, with an R-squared value of 58%.

This study analyzes the financial performance of state-owned banks (BUMN) listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the period of 2019–2023 based on profitability ratios (ROA, ROE) and operational efficiency (CIR). The results show that Bank Mandiri and BRI had the best performance, with significant improvements in efficiency and profitability, achieving ROA of 2.76% and 3.08% and ROE of 20.89% and 19.09% in 2023. Meanwhile, Bank BNI experienced fluctuations in its profitability ratios, with ROA increasing to 2.25% in 2023, although slightly lower than the previous year. Nevertheless, Bank BNI showed relatively stable operational efficiency, with CIR ranging between 50% and 60%. Bank BTN, while having the lowest performance, showed significant improvement throughout the study period. This study provides important insights for investors and policymakers in understanding the dynamics of the national banking sector.

This study aims to analyze the financial performance of four major banks in Indonesia, namely PT Bank Central Asia (BCA), PT Bank Negara Indonesia (BNI), PT Bank Mega, and PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia (BRI), during the period 2019–2023. The analysis was conducted using financial ratios that include liquidity (current ratio, quick ratio), profitability (return on assets, return on equity), solvency (debt to equity ratio, debt to total asset ratio), efficiency (net interest margin), and market ratio (price to earnings ratio, dividend yield). This study uses a descriptive qualitative method with secondary data obtained from annual financial reports. The results of the study show significant differences in financial management among the banks analyzed. Bank BNI stands out in terms of liquidity, while Bank BRI excels in profitability and asset efficiency. Bank BCA shows good financial stability, while Bank Mega dominates in market attractiveness and dividend policy. However, each bank also faces challenges, such as low asset efficiency at Bank BNI, performance fluctuations at Bank BRI, and challenges in increasing profitability at Bank BCA.

This study aims to determine and analyze the development of the financial performance of PT Bank Negara Indonesia which went public on the Indonesian stock exchange in terms of liquidity, solvency and profitability ratios. The research methodology used in this study is descriptive quantitative, which explains the evolution of financial performance on liquidity, solvency and profitability ratios. Analysis of the financial data resulted in the following findings: Financial performance of PT. Bank Negara Indonesia, viewed based on liquidity ratios, shows that the company remains in poor condition when viewed from the quick ratio and the company's cash ratio is not good because it is not below the industry standard average. The company's performance based on the solvency ratio shows poor results, this condition is caused by the results of the Debt to asset ratio (DAR) and Debt to equity ratio (DER) showing that the results for the 2020-2022 period are far above industry standards. Based on the company's profitability ratio, the company is in poor condition because the results of the ratio calculation show that during this period the company's ROI and ROE conditions are below the industry standard average, although the value increases every year, but this does not indicate the company is in good condition.

This research is motivated by the existence of a high level of public trust in banking is closely related to the assessment of banking performance in terms of liquidity ratio analysis. The purpose of the study is to determine the level of bank liquidity and what policies will be carried out by banks against the ratio results. The method used in the research is the literature review method with data in the form of references to evaluate liquidity ratios in banking. The results obtained in this study from Table RQ1 the types of liquidity ratios that are often used in measuring the level of banking liquidity are the quick ratio and cash ratio. While Table RQ2 the advice that can be given is that banks must be able to pay attention and evaluate their assets. So it can be concluded that in general the types of liquidity ratios that are often used to calculate the level of bank liquidity are the quick ratio and cash ratio and further banking policy suggestions to use more diverse types of liquidity ratios. Ajmadayana, C. P., Akmalia, Z., & Hasibuan, A. F. (2022). Analisis Rasio Likuiditas dan Solvabilitas pada Bank Muamalat Indonesia Periode 2019-2020. Jurnal Ekobistek, Volume 11 No.3, 179-185. Fathurrahman. (2022, March). Banking Perfomance Analysis Based On Liquidity Ratio. Nusantara Hasana Journal, Vol.1 No.10, 141-145. Harahap, & Safitri, S. (2015). Analisis Kritis Atas Laporan Keuangan. Jakarta: PT. Rajagrafindo Persada. Harianto, S. (2017). Rasio Keuangan dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Profitabilitas Pada Bank Pembiayaan Rakyat Syariah di Indonesia. Jurnal Bisnis dan Manajemen, 41-48. Iryani, L. D., & Herlina. (2015). Analisis Rasio Likuiditas, Solvabilitas, dan Profitabilitas dalam Mendukung Pembiayaan pada PT. Bank Danamon Indonesia, Tbk. Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi Fakultas Ekonomi, Volume 1 No. 2, 32-40. Jumingan. (2006). Analisis Laporan Keuangan. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara. Kasmir. (2015). Bank dan Lembaga Keuangan Lainnya. Jakarta: PT Raja Grafindo Persada. Kasmir. (2017). Analisis Laporan Keuangan. Jakarta: PT. Rajagfrindo Persada. Khotimah, I. C. (2021). Analisis Dampak Pandemi Covid-19 Bagi Rasio Likuiditas Bank Bukopin Syariah. Jurnal LARIBA Jurnaal Perbankan Syariah, Vol. 2 No. 02, 28-41. Masita, N., Hariatih, & Nianty, D. A. (2023). Analisis Kinerja Keuangan Menggunakan Rasio Likuiditas dan Profitabilitas pada PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) Tbk. Jurnal Manajemen dan Akuntansi, Vol. 1 No. 2, 203-214. Nurul, Suharti, T., & Nuhayati, I. (2020, Mei). Analisis Kinerja Keuangan Berdasarkan Rasio Likuiditas, Solvabilitas, dan Rentabilitas Pada Sektor Perbankan. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen, Vol.3 No.2, 146-159. Ottay, M. C., & Alexander, S. W. (2015). Analisis Laporan Keuangan Untuk Menilai Kinerja Keuangan Pada PT. BPR Citra Dumoga Manado. Jurnal EMBA, Volume 3 No.1, 923-932. Pangemanan, I. W., Karamoy, H., & Kalalo, M. (2017). Analisis Rasio Likuiditas, Leverage dan Profitabilitas Untuk Menilai Kinerja Keuangan Pada PT. Bank Central Asia, Tbk. Cabang Manado. Jurnal Riset Akuntansi Going Concern, Volume 12 No. 2, 25-34. Permana, I. S., Halim, R. C., Nenti, S., & Zein, R. N. (2022). Analisis Rasio Likuiditas, Solvabilitas, dan Profitabilitas dalam Mendukung Pembiayaan pada PT. Bank Danamon Indonesia, Tbk. Jurnal Aktiva: Riset Akuntasi dan Keuangan, Volume 3 No.3, 132-139. Ramadhanty, T. N., Musriha, & Noviandri, I. (2021). Analisis Rasio Keuangan terhadap Kinerja Keuangan pada PT.Bank Pembangunan Daerah Jawa Barat dan Banten, Tbk. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Volume 1 Nomor 3, 183-188. Setia, I., Clasissa, R., Nenti, S., & Zein, R. N. (2022). Analisis Kinerja Keuangan dengan Menggunakan Rasio Likuiditas, Solvabilitas, dan Profitabilitas pada PT. Bank BNI (Persero) Tbk. Jurnal Aktiva: Riset Akuntansi dan Keuangan, Vol.3 No.3, 132-139. Sihombing, C., Damanik, E. O., & Sriwiyanti, E. (2019). Pengaruh Rasio Likuiditas Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Pada PT. Bank Perkreditan Rakyat Eka Prasetya Pematangsiantar. Jurnal of Accounting USI, Volume 1 No. 1, 12-22.  

Bank Negara Indonesia (BNI) is one of the largest banks in Indonesia, which if you look at it has experienced significant development, especially in terms of assets and income, which are benchmarks for its financial performance. Financial ratio analysis, especially liquidity ratios, is an important part of measuring a bank's ability to pay short-term obligations. Liquidity ratios, such as Current Ratio, Cash Ratio, Loan to Deposit Ratio, and Loan to Asset Ratio, provide an overview of the bank's financial health. Through quantitative methods and research literature, we want to know how much Bank Negara Indonesia's liquidity ratio has developed from 2019 to 2023. From the analysis of this ratio, it can be concluded that Bank Negara Indonesia has quite good liquidity during the 2019 to 2013 period, which directly means that Bank Negara Indonesia has a good ability to pay its short-term obligations.

This research evaluates and optimizes the operational efficiency of Bank Negara Indonesia (BNI) during the 2020-2023 period with a focus on the cost of funds ratio. Using a quantitative approach and qualitative interpretation, this research analyzes BNI financial data to identify trends and factors that influence fund expense ratios. The results provide insight into BNI's performance compared to industry standards and competitors. It is hoped that the recommendations from this research can help BNI management improve operational efficiency, support competitiveness in the banking industry, and make a positive contribution to the national economy.

This research explores the evaluation of financial performance in banking companies through financial ratio analysis and case studies. Analyzing three banks – BNI, BRI, and Bank Mandiri – reveals variations in stock prices, financial efficiency, and net profit performance. The conclusion is that BNI's stock is undervalued, BRI's is overvalued, and Bank Mandiri's situation is mixed. Although debt ratios are safe, both ROA and ROE fall below standards. However, operational efficiency is reflected in a healthy NPM. This study provides in-depth insights into the complexity of banking companies' performance.

The progress of Islamic banking in Indonesia led to the merger of three Islamic banks, namely Bank Mandiri Syariah, Bank BNI Syariah, and Bank BRI Syariah became PT. Bank Syariah Indonesia. Financial performance is expected to improve compared to before, indicating the success of the merger. This study aims to determine the difference in financial performance using a comparative analysis of the profitability ratio of state-owned Islamic banks before the merger in 2019-2020 and after merging into PT. Bank Syariah Indonesia Tbk. for 2021-2022 by measuring the level of ROA, ROE, and BOPO ratios in each bank. Data collection is used using documentation techniques. Data analysis was carried out using paired T-tests to determine there were significant differences before and after the merger. The results showed that there was a significant increase in each ratio after the merger. This indicates that there is an increase in financial performance after the merger.

This study aims to test and analyze: (1) a comparative analysis of the level of performance of conventional commercial banks with Islamic commercial banks in 2015-2019, (2) the effect of the CAR, LDR / FDR, and NPL / NPF ratios partially or simultaneously on financial performance. in conventional commercial banks and Islamic commercial banks in 2015-2019.                 The population of this study is all published financial report data from Bank BNI and Bank BNI Syariah, Bank Mandiri and Bank Mandiri Syariah, Bank BRI and Bank BRI Syariah, Bank Bukopin and Bank Bukopin Syariah, Bank Mega and Bank Mega Syariah. The sample of the research is financial report data for 2015-2019. The process of collecting data is done by using documentation method in the form of published financial report data. The instrument test used was the normality test, multicollinearity test, heteroscedasticity test, and autocorrelation. Data were tested using multiple linear regression, determinant test, F test (Goodness of Fit), and hypothesis testing using the t test.                 Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded as follows: (1) there is a significant difference in the level of financial performance of conventional commercial banks and Islamic commercial banks, this is evidenced by the results of the count test 3,724> t table 2,0086 and the probability of t count 0.001 <0.05: (2) Capital Adequacy Ratio has a positive and significant effect on financial performance at conventional commercial banks and Islamic commercial banks, this is evidenced by the t-count coefficient value of 3,724 <2,0086 and the probability of t count 0.325 <0.05; (3) Loan to Deposit Ratio has no effect on financial performance at conventional commercial banks and Islamic commercial banks, this is evidenced by the t value coefficient of 0.325 <2.0086 and the probability of t count 0.747> 0.05; (4) Non-Performing Loans have a significant negative effect on financial performance at conventional commercial banks and Islamic commercial banks, this is evidenced by the t-count coefficient value of -8.232> 2.0086 and the probability of t count 0,000> 0.05; (5) Capital adequacy ratio (CAR), loan to deposit ratio (LDR), and non performing loan (NPL) affect the financial performance of conventional commercial banks and Islamic commercial banks in 2015-2019, this is evidenced by the Fcount of 35,827 (> F table = 2.557) with a significance probability of 0.000 (<0.05). The results of the adjusted R2 test in this study obtained a value of 0.940. This shows that the financial performance is influenced by the capital adequacy ratio (CAR), loan to deposit ratio (LDR), non performing loan (NPL), amounting to 68.1%, while the remaining 31.9% is influenced by other factors not examined. in this research.