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Low Birth Weight (LBW) refers to infants born with a birth weight of less than 2,500 grams and remains an important issue in neonatal health due to its association with increased neonatal morbidity and mortality. To analyze the determinants of LBW based on primary studies published from 2021 to 2026. A literature review was conducted using the PRISMA approach. Article searches were performed through PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and ProQuest using the keywords low birth weight, determinant factors, risk factors, BBLR, and faktor risiko with Boolean operators AND/OR. The inclusion criteria were primary studies, full-text availability, publication in Indonesian or English, and publication years from 2021 to 2026. A total of 20 articles were included, consisting of 15 international articles and 5 national sources. The review showed that LBW is influenced by interrelated maternal, nutritional, obstetric, and sociodemographic factors during pregnancy. The most dominant factors included multiple pregnancy with an adjusted OR of 21.74, maternal food insecurity with an AOR of 6.85, maternal hemoglobin level <11 g/dL with an AOR of 5.21, lack of iron-folic acid supplementation with an AOR of 4.17, maternal age ≤20 years with an AOR of 3.42, pregnancy interval <1 year with an adjusted OR of 2.92, missed antenatal care visits with an AOR of 2.74, smoking during pregnancy with an OR of 2.18, and maternal hypertension with an AOR of 1.94. LBW is influenced by multiple interrelated factors; therefore, efforts to reduce its incidence should focus on evidence-based interventions, particularly through optimizing antenatal care services, improving maternal nutritional status, and early detection of pregnancy.

Thalassemia is a chronic genetic disease that requires long-term treatment and affects children's quality of life physically, psychologically, socially, and academically due to chronic anemia and regular blood transfusion needs. This study aimed to determine factors influencing the quality of life of children with thalassemia at Rumah Sakit Anak dan Bunda Harapan Kita. A descriptive design with a cross sectional approach was used, involving 41 respondents through total sampling. Data were collected using the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL 4.0 Generic Core Scale) and respondent characteristics including age, gender, socioeconomic status, parental education, and frequency of blood transfusions. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis with the Chi-Square test. The results showed most respondents were under ten years old, female, from families with socioeconomic status below the minimum wage, had parents with high school or higher education, and received blood transfusions every three weeks. Bivariate analysis indicated only the frequency of blood transfusions was significantly associated with quality of life, while other variables were not. Thus, transfusion frequency is the main factor influencing quality of life in children with thalassemia.

This study aims to analyze the factors influencing the implementation of Regional Regulation of Gorontalo Regency Number 04 of 2014 concerning the Control of Livestock in Ilomata Village, Bilato District. This research employs an empirical legal method with a sociological juridical approach to examine law not only as written norms but also as a social practice within society. Data were collected through interviews with village officials, regional regulation enforcement officers, and livestock owners, as well as through documentation and literature studies. The collected data were analyzed qualitatively using Lawrence M. Friedman’s legal system theory and Soerjono Soekanto’s theory on factors influencing law enforcement. The results indicate that the implementation of the regional regulation has not been optimal. The influencing factors include legal substance, legal structure (law enforcement officers), facilities and infrastructure, community factors, and legal culture. Normatively, the regulation contains clear provisions; however, its implementation is hindered by inconsistent enforcement, limited supporting facilities, and low levels of public legal awareness. Legal culture and the lack of consistency among law enforcement officers are the most dominant factors affecting the effectiveness of the regulation’s implementation. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen consistent law enforcement, improve supporting facilities, and undertake continuous efforts to build public legal awareness in a participatory manner.

Postpartum depression is a mood disorder that occurs in mothers after childbirth, with symptoms that can appear from pregnancy until 4 weeks postpartum. This condition negatively impacts the psychological health of the mother and the development of the baby. This study aims to analyze factors associated with the risk of postpartum depression. The method used was quantitative with an analytical survey design through a cross-sectional approach. Data collection was carried out using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) questionnaire consisting of 10 questions. The results of the validity test showed a calculated r value of > 0.3610 and the reliability test obtained a Cronbach's alpha value of 0.67. The study sample consisted of 42 respondents selected using a total sampling technique, with inclusion criteria of mothers aged ≥18 years, in the period <6 weeks postpartum, and willing to be respondents. Data analysis used the chi-square test. The results showed that all variables had a significant relationship with the risk of postpartum depression (p < 0.05). These variables include age (p=0.040), education (p=0.018), occupation (p=0.011), history of depression (p=0.024), complications (p=0.017), economic status (p=0.048), parity (p=0.016), type of delivery (p=0.006), husband's support (p=0.000), and family support (p=0.028). Therefore, it can be concluded that demographic, obstetric, and social support factors play an important role in the risk of postpartum depression. These results are expected to form the basis for prevention efforts and early intervention to improve postpartum maternal mental health.

Notaris merupakan pejabat umum yang memiliki kewenangan untuk membuat akta autentik sebagai alat bukti dengan kekuatan hukum sempurna. Namun dalam praktik, notaris tidak jarang terseret perkara pidana ketika akta yang dibuatnya digunakan sebagai sarana tindak pidana. Fenomena tersebut tampak dalam Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 379 K/Pid/2021.Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini meliputi: 1.Apa saja faktor-faktor yang menjadi sebab adanya tindak pidana penipuan dalam pembuatan akta perjanjian pengikatan jual beli?2.Apa dasar pertimbangan hakim dalam memutuskan perkara Nomor 379 K/PID/2021?3.Bagaimana akibat hukum pertanggjungjawaban pidana dalam tindak pidana penipuan pembuatan akta perjanjian pengikatan jual beli dari putusan Nomor 379 K/PID/2021?Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan kasus dan perundang-undangan. Spesifikasi penelitian bersifat deskriptif analitis, dengan sumber data berupa bahan hukum primer (putusan pengadilan, peraturan perundang-undangan), bahan hukum sekunder (literatur, doktrin), serta bahan hukum tersier sebagai penunjang. Analisis dilakukan secara kualitatif dengan menguraikan norma hukum yang relevan serta penerapannya.

Fenomena meningkatnya penggunaan layanan pinjaman online di kalangan mahasiswa menimbulkan kekhawatiran terhadap potensi risiko finansial yang dapat mengganggu kesejahteraan dan performa akademik mereka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi dan menganalisis perilaku manajemen risiko mahasiswa STIEPARI Semarang dalam penggunaan layanan pinjaman online, mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi pembentukan perilaku tersebut, serta memahami implikasinya terhadap kesejahteraan finansial mahasiswa. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan desain fenomenologi, melibatkan 14 mahasiswa sebagai informan utama. Temuan menunjukkan adanya kesenjangan substansial antara pemahaman konseptual mahasiswa tentang risiko dengan praktik aktual dalam pengambilan keputusan finansial, di mana mahasiswa dengan latar belakang pendidikan ekonomi tidak selalu menunjukkan perilaku manajemen risiko yang lebih baik. Rekomendasi penelitian mencakup pengembangan program edukasi berbasis experiential learning, implementasi sistem mentoring oleh mahasiswa senior, dan pembentukan early warning system untuk mendeteksi mahasiswa berisiko mengalami masalah kredit.

Background: Cardiac catheterization is the most widely used diagnostic and hemodynamic intervention procedure in the world for the treatment of coronary heart disease (CHD). Cardiac catheterization can cause anxiety in patients who will undergo it. Objective: To analyze the factors that influence the anxiety of patients who will undergo cardiac catheterization. Method: This study is a descriptive analytical study with a cross-sectional approach conducted at Murni Teguh Memorial Hospital Medan. The study population was 40 people, and all of them were used as samples (total sampling). The research instrument was a questionnaire. Data analysis was carried out univariately and bivariately using the Chi-Square test with a significance level of 95% (= 0.05). Results: This study shows that there is a significant influence between knowledge, family support, past experience, and education level on the anxiety of patients who will undergo cardiac catheterization at Murni Teguh Hospital Medan. This is proven by the chi square test with p values for each knowledge (p = 0.000); family support (p = 0.002); past experience (p = 0.003); and education (p=0.003) which are all less than 0.005. Conclusion: Cardiac catheterization patient anxiety is influenced by knowledge, family support, past experience, and education level. Suggestion: It is recommended that further researchers increase the number of samples and independent variables, considering that many factors influence patient anxiety before cardiac catheterization/angiography

This study aims to examine the effect of profitability, sales growth, and liquidity on debt policy in property and real estate companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2019–2024 period. The independent variables in this study include profitability, measured by Return on Assets (ROA); sales growth (SG); and liquidity, measured by the Current Ratio (CR). Meanwhile, the dependent variable is debt policy, measured by the Debt-to-Equity Ratio (DER). This study uses a quantitative approach, employing multiple linear regression analysis. The sample comprises 174 observational data points collected using purposive sampling. Testing was conducted using SPSS software, which includes the classical assumption test, the coefficient of determination test, the simultaneous test (F test), and the partial test (t test). The results show that profitability, sales growth, and liquidity simultaneously significantly affect debt policy. Partially, profitability tends to be positive, sales growth tends to be negative but not significant with respect to debt policy, while liquidity has a simultaneous negative effect. Of the four hypotheses proposed, two were accepted, and two were rejected because the direction of the influence did not match the initial assumption, and the significance value was more than 0.05.

Premarital sexual behavior among adolescents remains a public health concern influenced by social change, technological development, and social environment. This study aims to analyze factors associated with adolescent premarital sexual behavior based on the Health Belief Model (HBM). A systematic literature review was conducted on eight studies published between 2019 and 2025, including journal articles, undergraduate theses, and a doctoral dissertation. The findings were analyzed by categorizing the results into six HBM components: perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, cues to action, and self-efficacy. The results indicate that perceived susceptibility is the most consistently associated component with adolescent premarital sexual behavior. Perceived severity, perceived barriers, cues to action, and self-efficacy also show significant associations in several studies, whereas perceived benefits demonstrate the weakest and most inconsistent relationship. Overall, adolescent premarital sexual behavior is shaped by the interaction between risk perception, environmental support, and individual confidence in behavioral control. These findings confirm that the Health Belief Model remains a relevant framework for designing adolescent health promotion and preventive interventions.

The use of electronic cigarettes (vapes) among adolescents continues to increase and has emerged as a significant public health concern influenced by the interaction of individual, social, and environmental factors. This study aims to comprehensively riview the factors influencing adolescent e-cigarette use from the perspective of Social Cognitive Theory. A descriptive-narrative literature review was conducted using empirical national and international studies published between 2015 and 2025 and retrieved from Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect databases. The synthesis of the literature indicates that adolescent vaping behavior is influenced by social environmental factors, including peer influence and exposure to social media, as well as personal cognitive factors such as knowledge, risk perception, outcome expectations, and self-efficacy. These factors operate thorugh observational learning and reciprocal interactions between individuals, environment, and behavior. This review concludes that Social Cognitive Theory provides a relevant and comprehensive framework for understanding adolescent vaping behavior and offers a foundations for the development of effective health promotion interventions and preventive policies.

Premarital sexual behavior among adolescents is a reproductive health problem influenced by various internal and external factors. The Health Belief Model (HBM) is used as a framework to understand this behavior, but previous research findings still show varying results. This study aims to analyze the contribution of the Health Belief Model components to premarital sexual behavior among adolescents based on the results of local research for the period 2020-2025. The method used was a literature review of relevant journal articles and scientific papers. The results showed that perceived vulnerability, perceived barriers, self-efficacy, and external cues to action such as media exposure and peer influence were variables that were consistently related to the main/dominant predictors of external cues to action, while perceived severity and perceived benefits showed inconsistent relationships. This study confirms that adolescent premarital sexual behavior is influenced by the interaction between cognitive, psychosocial, and environmental factors, thus requiring comprehensive and contextual reproductive health interventions.

Smoking behavior among adolescents in Indonesia remains a serious public health challenge with increasing prevalence. Adolescence is a vulnerable period where psychological factors and the social environment significantly influence the decision to smoke. This study aims to review the factors influencing smoking behavior among adolescents based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) theoretical framework. This study is a literature review that analyzes various research findings related to the determinants of smoking behavior using HBM components. The analysis shows that all dimensions of HBM play a role in shaping smoking behavior. Self-efficacy and perceived susceptibility were found to be the strongest predictors. Although adolescents have a good perceived severity of the dangers of smoking, they are often hindered by high perceived barriers, such as peer pressure and psychological dependence. Consistent cues to action and perceived benefits are proven to encourage prevention and smoking cessation efforts. Adolescent smoking behavior is strongly influenced by individual beliefs in self-ability and health risks. Health interventions should focus on strengthening self-control and managing social influences to reduce the number of adolescent smokers.

The purpose of this study is to use the Theory of Islamic Good Corporate Governance (IGCG) methodology to determine the elements that affect muzakki's faith in paying zakat through zakat institutions. Based on earlier research and literature, this study examines the relationship between the degree of muzakki trust and Islamic values such amanah (accountability), tabligh (transparency), fatanah (competence), and religiosity. Furthermore, additional elements like reputation, contentment, and service quality are examined as significant factors in establishing trust. The findings demonstrate that the majority of earlier research discovered a strong positive correlation between these factors and muzakki trust. Nonetheless, there are conflicting findings on the factors of openness and accountability, which in certain research actually indicate a detrimental impact. This discrepancy highlights the necessity for more study to reevaluate these two factors' roles in the context of zakat management. Theoretically, the adoption of Islamic Good Corporate Governance should boost muzakki involvement in zakat contributions by enhancing accountability, transparency, and public trust in zakat administration organizations.

This study aims to analyze production performance and the factors influencing the productivity of mining operations at PT. XYZ during August 2025. The evaluation covers production achievement against the corporate work plan (RKAP) and the owner’s operational plan, equipment availability (Physical Availability), the productivity of loading and hauling units, and various types of loss time that reduce effective working hours. The results indicate that production realization reached only 65% of the RKAP target, while achieving 102% of the owner’s plan for total material. Low equipment availability, high loss time such as no hauler, wait operator, and front preparation, as well as the underperformance of 80-ton and 100-ton units, were identified as the main contributors to production deviation. Additional influencing factors include unit reassignment, suboptimal haul road conditions, and insufficient operational fleet numbers. The study recommends optimizing fleet management, enhancing preventive and predictive maintenance programs, reorganizing hauling workflows, and controlling dominant loss time sources to improve operational efficiency and production target achievement in future periods.

Background: Early marriage remains prevalent among adolescents aged 15–19 years, a period during which individuals are often medically and psychologically unprepared to assume marital responsibilities. Decisions to marry early are influenced by internal factors such as psychological readiness, emotional maturity, and critical thinking ability, as well as external factors including family pressure, cultural norms, and economic challenges. Objective: This study aims to explore the factors influencing adolescents' decisions to engage in early marriage and examine its impacts on their lives. Method: This research employed a qualitative descriptive design. A purposive sampling technique was used to select 10 adolescents who had experienced early marriage. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and document review, and analyzed thematically. Results: The primary factors contributing to early marriage in Delu Depa Village, Kodi Bangedo District, were premarital pregnancy (2 cases), economic hardship (4 cases), and limited educational attainment (4 cases). The consequences included psychological, health, and social impacts. Psychologically, participants reported experiencing stress, anxiety, and depression. Health-related risks included complications associated with immature reproductive organs, such as premature birth, obstructed labor, and preeclampsia. Social impacts included stigma, limited social interaction, school dropout, and employment in low-skilled jobs to fulfill daily needs. Conclusion: Early marriage poses significant risks to adolescents' psychological well-being, physical health, and social functioning. Strengthened preventive efforts and targeted interventions are needed to reduce its prevalence and mitigate negative consequences.

Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) is a major tropical commodity in Southeast Asia that plays an important role in the global economy, especially as a raw material for the food, cosmetics, and bioenergy industries. West Kalimantan Province is one of the regions with the largest oil palm plantations in Indonesia, where its area increased from 1,166,282 Ha in 2020 to 1,449,274 Ha in 2022. Landak Regency contributes 119,326 Ha, but its productivity is still relatively low with a total production of 184,592 tons or around 1.54 tons/Ha. PTPN IV Ngabang in Landak Regency as one of the largest palm oil companies in the area also faces the problem of low productivity, thus hindering harvest rotation and the achievement of daily targets. This study aims to describe the productivity of oil palm harvester labor and find out what factors affect the productivity of oil palm harvester labor in PTPN IV, Ngabang District, Landak Regency. The method uses qualitative as an approach in finding answers with a sample of 78 respondents. The variables in this case study are labor productivity (Y) and independent/independent variables (X), namely age, working period, family dependents, mileage, and education. The data analysis technique used in this case study is analysis on multiple linear regression. The results of the study concluded that the productivity of oil palm harvesters in PTPN IV Ngabang averaged 1200,71 kg/day. Simultaneously, age, family dependents, working period, mileage, and education affect the productivity of oil palm harvester labor at PTPN IV Ngabang. Partially, the factor that greatly affects the productivity of the oil palm harvester workforce at PTPN IV Ngabang is the age factor of the worker and working period. Meanwhile, the factors of family dependents, distance traveled and labor education partially did not have a significant effect.

Instalasi gawat darurat merupakan unit pelayanan di rumah sakit yang menangani pasien dalam kondisi darurat, kritis, dan membutuhkan tindakan segera. Pelayanan yang berkualitas sangat penting dalam kondisi ini karena berkaitan dengan nyawa seseorang. Dalam kondisi yang menuntut pelayanan cepat dan tepat, kepuasan pasien menjadi penilaian utama terhadap keberhasilan layanan gawat darurat. Kepuasan pasien adalah respon emosional yang muncul karena terpenuhinya ekspetasi pasien terhadap pelayanan. Kepuasan pasien IGD dapat memengaruhi citra rumah sakit. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kepuasan pasien di IGD RSUD Dr. (H.C) Ir. Soekarno Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain cross-sectional yang bertujuan untuk mengkaji apakah terdapat hubungan antara faktor usia, tingkat pendidikan, dan fasilitas pelayanan terhadap kepuasan pasien. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 109 pasien. Analisa data menggunakan uji chi-square dengan derajat kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kepuasan pasien di IGD RSUD Dr. (H.C) Ir. Soekarno Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung adalah fasilitas pelayanan (p=0,018). Sedangkan faktor yang tidak berhubungan adalah usia (p=0,475) dan tingkat pendidikan (p=0,340). Saran dari penelitian ini adalah diharapkan institusi kesehatan dapat meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan di IGD, terutama pada aspek kenyamanan ruang tunggu.

Increased blood sugar levels due to the body's impaired insulin production are a sign of a chronic metabolic disease known as diabetes mellitus. As seen in Batam, cases of diabetes mellitus in Indonesia are relatively high. This study aims to determine how long type II diabetes mellitus wounds last in Batam City. This study used a cross-sectional approach to conduct quantitative descriptions. This study involved 60 people. The Chi-Square test was used to conduct data analysis. The results showed that there was a significant correlation between age and the healing time of diabetes mellitus wounds, with a sig P value of 0.001 <0.05; gender had a significant correlation, with a sig P value of 0.007 <0.05; sugar control had a significant correlation, with a sig P value of 0.001 <0.5; and anemia had a significant correlation, with a sig P value of 0.001 <0.5. The results indicate that there is a relationship between these variables and the healing time of type II diabetes mellitus wounds. It is hoped that this study can be used as literature for further research.

This study aims to analyze the factors that affect passenger satisfaction at the airport through three main perspectives, namely: service, technology, and operations. The approach used is a literature study of ten scientific journals that discuss airport service quality from various aspects. The results of the study show that service quality, especially those covering SERVQUAL dimensions such as reliability, responsiveness, empathy, assurance, and physical evidence, plays a major role in shaping service user perceptions. The technology perspective, through the implementation of self-service such as self check-in, Flight Information Display Sistem (FIDS), and digital service applications, is proven to increase efficiency and convenience, even contributing up to 96.8% to user satisfaction according to one study. Meanwhile, from an operational perspective, aspects such as queue time at check-in counters, public facilities, and accessibility to the terminal also have a significant impact on the overall passenger experience. The conclusion of this study emphasizes the importance of integration between the three perspectives in designing strategies to improve airport service quality. Suggestions are given to airport managers to continue to improve services, expand technology adoption, and reorganize operations to create a safe, comfortable, and satisfying travel experience for all service users

This study aims to analyze the factors that influence students' learning motivation in the Lathe Engineering subject in class XI of the Department of Machining Engineering at SMK Negeri 1 Padang. Several variables studied include learning interest, ideals, friendship environment, and family environment, each of which acts as an independent variable, while learning motivation functions as a dependent variable. The method used in this study is quantitative with a correlational approach, where the research sample consisted of 51 students selected using a saturated sampling technique, namely sampling that covers the entire population in the class. The instrument used in this study was a questionnaire with a Likert scale that has been tested for validity and reliability to ensure that the measuring instrument used is able to extract accurate and consistent data. The data obtained were then analyzed using multiple linear regression techniques with the help of SPSS version 26 to determine the effect of each variable on student learning motivation. The results of the study indicate that partially, learning interest and friendship environment have a significant influence on student learning motivation. Students who have a high interest in the Lathe Engineering subject tend to have better learning motivation, and positive relationships with their friends also increase their enthusiasm for learning. In contrast, the variables of ideals and family environment did not show a significant influence on students' learning motivation in the context of this study. Although ideals and family support are often considered important factors in education, the results of this study indicate that external factors such as friendships are more dominant in influencing students' learning motivation. Simultaneously, all four variables significantly influenced students' learning motivation, with the friendship environment being the most dominant factor.