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Adolescent identity is formed through complex interactions between various factors, in which school plays a crucial role. Schools not only serve as places of academic learning, but also as social arenas where adolescents develop interpersonal skills, values, and behavior.  Factors such as relationships with peers, support from teachers, participation in extracurricular activities, and curriculum implementation all contribute to the identity formation process. This article highlights how a positive and supportive school environment can help teenagers discover their identity, build self-confidence, and develop their potential optimally. By understanding this role, it is hoped that a holistic and inclusive educational ecosystem can be created, which supports the development of adolescents towards a healthy and constructive direction. Context has been identified as an important factor in adolescent identity formation. Education plays a very important role in shaping an individual's ethics, responsibility and intelligence. An effective educational process is expected to develop students' attitudes, knowledge and skills so that they can adapt optimally to their social environment. In this context, social interactions in the school environment, especially with peers, teachers and school staff, greatly influence the formation of adolescents' self-identity. This identity formation involves a dynamic interaction between internal and external factors, where the school environment plays a significant role in shaping teenagers' thought patterns, values, attitudes and behavior. Peers serve as social references that influence adolescents' self-confidence and self-esteem, while relationships with teachers provide emotional guidance and character formation. Apart from that, social media also influences the way teenagers present themselves in the digital world. The formation of a healthy self-identity in adolescents is very dependent on an inclusive, supportive environment, as well as cooperation between schools and parents. Therefore, it is important to understand the role of social interactions in the school environment as a factor that supports the development of a positive identity in adolescents and prepares them to face life challenges in the future.

The Merdeka Curriculum is a new innovation in the Indonesian education system which aims to give students the freedom to learn and emphasizes the importance of building character and moral values. This study investigates how a free curriculum contributes to the moral formation of students in elementary schools. Relevant sources, such as books, scientific articles and educational policy documents, were collected and analyzed through the literature study method in this research. This research found that a free curriculum, with a more contextual learning approach and involving students' active participation in real activities such as collaborative projects and extracurricular activities, helps students understand moral values ​​and apply them in everyday life. It is proven that parental and community involvement is also an important component in building student character. This research found that the free curriculum not only focuses on improving students' academic achievement but also strengthens moral and ethical values. Therefore, continuous development of this curriculum is necessary to achieve broad educational goals. It is hoped that this research will help educators, policy makers and other researchers improve the quality of education in Indonesia by providing guidance for maximizing the curriculum to achieve more comprehensive educational goals.

This research aims to find out the implementation of character education in building student independence and discipline at SMP Negeri 34 Samarinda. As well as obstacles to implementing character education in building student independence and discipline at SMP Negeri 34 Samarinda. Apart from that, in implementing character education in building student independence and discipline at SMP Negeri 34 Samarinda, it is necessary to approach students in order to achieve the implementation of character education in building student independence and discipline. This research uses a qualitative research approach, descriptive analysis method, with data collection techniques namely observation, interviews and documentation. . Data analysis techniques are data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and data conclusion. The research results show that SMP Negeri 34 Samarinda has implemented various character development programs, such as extracurricular activities, guidance and counseling, as well as the application of moral values ​​in learning. Students' active participation in this activity increases independence in decision making, responsibility, and courage to express opinions. Student discipline also increases through consistent application of rules and habituation of positive behavior. Teachers and school staff play an important role in enforcing discipline and setting an example. Challenges in developing character education include limited resources and variations in student discipline. Overall, character education development at SMP Negeri 34 Samarinda makes a positive contribution to student independence and discipline. Continuous support from parents and the community is needed to ensure the sustainability and effectiveness of this program. Character education development plays a role as a foundation in forming a generation that is independent, disciplined and has character.

The role of extracurricular activities in the guidance and development of students in elementary schools is very important in providing a holistic and in-depth learning experience outside the ordinary academic environment. The purpose of this study was to find out the role of extracurriculars in fostering and developing students at SD 186 Cipadung and SD Al-Ma'soem. This study uses a qualitative method that produces and processes descriptive data such as interview transcripts. The results of this study show that extracurricular roles instill character values ​​such as hard work, discipline, teamwork, leadership, and responsibility. In addition, extracurricular roles can develop students' potential interests and talents.