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 Background: Perineal pain due to episiotomy is a common complaint experienced by postpartum mothers and can affect patient comfort, mobility, and recovery. Nonpharmacological pain management is needed to help reduce discomfort with minimal risk of side effects. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of applying cold compresses using ice packs in reducing perineal pain intensity in postpartum mothers with episiotomy. Methods: The study used a descriptive case study design in three vaginal postpartum patients with episiotomy who were treated in the postpartum ward. The intervention involved applying cold compresses using ice packs to the perineal area for 10–15 minutes, as per nursing procedures. Pain was measured using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) before and after the intervention. Findings: The results showed a decrease in pain intensity in all patients after the application of cold compresses. Patient P1 experienced a decrease in pain score from 5 to 4, patient P2 from 6 to 5, and patient P3 from 5 to 4, with an average decrease of 1 point. Implications: Cold compresses using ice packs have the potential to be an effective non-pharmacological nursing intervention to help reduce perineal pain and improve the comfort of postpartum mothers with episiotomies during the care period.

The postpartum period is a crucial phase for mothers to recover after childbirth. One of the common problems is perineal wounds, caused either by episiotomy or spontaneous rupture, which require proper care to prevent infection and accelerate healing. This case study aimed to provide midwifery care for Mrs. M, 28 years old, P3A0H3, with a second-degree perineal wound at PMB Bd. Silvi Ayu, S.Keb. The SOAP approach was applied through assessment, diagnosis, intervention, implementation, and evaluation over five days (June 12–16, 2025). Interventions included education on perineal hygiene, encouragement of nutritious food intake, light mobilization, and perineal wound care using boiled binahong leaves. The results showed decreased pain, reduced edema, a dry wound, and complete healing on the fifth day, with the REEDA score decreasing from 11 to 0. The discussion emphasized that flavonoids, saponins, and ascorbic acid in binahong leaves contribute to tissue regeneration and faster healing. Limitations of this study included the short monitoring period, limited sample, and reliance on maternal compliance. In conclusion, binahong leaf decoction was found to be effective, practical, and able to enhance maternal independence in wound care. This study is expected to serve as a reference for midwifery practice and as a basis for further research with a wider scope.

The results of the Population Census data carried out in 2020 showed that the maternal mortality rate reached 189 per 100 thousand live births. And based on these figures, Indonesia is ranked second highest in ASEAN, which is further than other countries such as Thailand, Malaysia, Vietnam and Brunei, which have achievements below 100 per 100 thousand live births. The maternal mortality rate is one of the important programs for the Ministry of Health (Kemenkes) to pay attention to. Therefore, through this, the Ministry of Health carries out a care program from before pregnancy, pregnancy, childbirth, babies. And a number of cases of pregnant women giving birth include anemia 48.9%, hypertension 12.7%, KEK 17.3% and complications as much as 28%. The impact of childbirth on maternal mortality is also something that cannot be separated from the occurrence of maternal death. As a health worker with high integrity, it is very necessary to implement Mother and Baby Care. Indicators of quality service are in the process of pregnancy care, postpartum delivery carried out by health workers to the mother. One of them is carried out in the delivery process by explaining to the mother the technique of pushing when the opening is complete or 10cm. Do not do forced pushing (Valsalva) or tell the mother to push forcibly before it is certain that the opening is complete. This is one of the strict prohibitions conveyed by Bergastrom in his book. The process of delivering a baby can generally cause tears in the vagina and perineum. So when leading pushing in a mother in labor, it is necessary to do so as not to cause irregular tears in the birth canal. However, the process of delivering a baby through the birth canal or through normal delivery requires deliberate tearing to widen the birth canal. However, for further action, it is necessary to do hecting or stitches on the episiotomy wound which aims to restore the original shape of the perineal incision scar and stop bleeding as well as healing.

Perineal wounds due to spontaneous tears or episiotomy are common conditions experienced by postpartum mothers and have the potential to cause complications if not properly cared for. Low knowledge and compliance of postpartum mothers in performing perineal wound care remains a problem in primary health care. This study aims to analyze the effect of perineal wound care education on the level of knowledge and compliance of postpartum mothers at the Laiwui Community Health Center, South Halmahera. The study used a quasi-experimental design with a one-group pretest–posttest approach. The study sample consisted of 40 postpartum mothers with perineal wounds and were selected using a total sampling technique. The intervention in the form of perineal wound care education was provided in a structured manner through counseling, leaflets, and live demonstrations. The level of knowledge and compliance was measured before and after the intervention using a standardized questionnaire. Data analysis was performed univariately and bivariately using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. The results showed an increase in the level of knowledge and compliance of postpartum mothers after being provided with education. The Wilcoxon test showed a significant difference between knowledge levels before and after education (p < 0.05), as well as a significant difference in postpartum maternal compliance (p < 0.05). It can be concluded that perineal wound care education has a significant effect on increasing postpartum maternal knowledge and compliance. Structured and applicable education is recommended to be integrated as part of the standard postpartum care in primary health care to support maternal recovery and prevent postpartum complications.

Postpartum infection is likely to originate from infected perineal suture wounds. These suture wounds are caused by episiotomy or infected incisions and due to tears in the birth canal or perineal tears. This study aims to determine the Effect of Green Betel Leaf Boiled Water in Accelerating Perineal Wound Healing at the Beutong Ateuh Health Center, Beutong Ateuh Banggalang District, Nagan Raya Regency, Aceh Province in 2024. This type of research is a quasi-experimental research method with a Post test with control group design. The population is all postpartum mothers who experience grade I-II perineal wounds at the Beutong Ateuh Health Center, Beutong Ateuh Banggalang District, Nagan Raya Regency, Aceh Province, as many as 22 people. The number of samples used was 22 people obtained using the Total sampling technique. The data analysis technique used the paired sample t-test value. The results obtained in this study were from 22 respondents, there was a difference in the effect of green betel leaf decoction in accelerating the healing of perineal wounds in the intervention group and the control group with the independent sample t test obtained results for the value of p = 0.000 meaning p <0.05.

Background: Perineal wounds are wounds due to tearing of the birth canal either due to rupture or due to episiotomy at the time of delivery of the fetus. One of the impacts of normal labor is the risk of perineal infection. The prevalence in Indonesia of post partum infection reaches 7.3% and ranks third in causes of death after bleeding. For this reason, it is necessary to make efforts in taking care of the wound to keep it clean and dry, and avoid infection. Objective: Application of betel leaf and honey decoction to accelerate the healing process of perineal wounds. Methods: This type of research uses descriptive research methods and observes 2 respondents with post partum conditions and is given the implementation of wound care carried out in Boyolali with the application time of June 18, 2024-June 24, 2024. Results: The REEDA score after being given the intervention experienced an improved status with a comparison of the results of the application of the 7th action on the first respondent, the initial REEDA score of 2 decreased to 0 while the application of the 7th action on the second respondent, the initial REEDA score of 1 decreased to 0. Conclusion: There is an effect on the application of wound care using betel leaf decoction water and honey which shows that green betel leaves and honey are effective in healing perineal wounds.

perineal injury in puerperal mothers refers to tears that occur in the birth canal, both caused by Labor and episiotomy. This tear can occur spontaneously or through an episiotomy. Perineal care is important to prevent infection, as inadequate care can lead to infection, which is one of the causes of postpartum maternal death. Based on this, the researchers tried an alternative by using betel leaf steeping to accelerate the healing of perineal wounds. This study aims to determine the effect of betel leaf steeping on the duration of perineal wound healing in puerperal mothers in PMB Endang Pasar Minggu, South Jakarta. this study uses a quantitative approach with Pre-Experimental design and One-Shot Case Study. The sampling technique used was consecutive sampling, with a total of 20 participants. research shows that most postpartum mothers experience rapid perineal wound healing after receiving treatment with betel leaf steeping. The one sample proportion test revealed that 60% of respondents experienced a decrease in perineal injuries after being given betel leaf steeping. there is an effect of betel leaf steeping on long-term perineal injury in puerperal mothers in PMB Endang Pasar Minggu Jakerta Selatan.  

Perennial rupture is an injury to the birth canal that occurs during the birth of a baby, whether using tools or not using tools. Perineal rupture is caused by parity, gestational spacing, maternal age, perineal stiffness, birth position. baby's weight, vacuum extraction, instrument trauma, episiotomy and wrong bowel movements. Perineal rupture if not treated immediately will cause bleeding. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between birth weight of babies and the incidence of perineal rupture in mothers giving birth in the Sei Langkai Community Health Center working area, Batam City in 2023. This research design used cross sectional, the sample taken in this study was 30 people. The processing technique uses the Fisher Exact Test. The data obtained from the results of statistical tests is p-value = 0.037. The conclusion of the research is that the characteristics of the mothers giving birth are mostly aged 20-35 years with most parity being multiparous. Most babies are born with a weight that is not at risk (< 4,000 gr). There is a relationship between the birth weight of the baby and the incidence of perineal rupture in the Sei Health Center Working Area. Langkai with a p-value of 0.037 so that the p-value < α (0.05). It is hoped that this research can be used as input and consideration in further research.

ABSTRAK Latar Belakang: Tindakan episiotomi pada ibu postpartum akan menimbulkan luka yang menjadi resiko terjadi infeksi dan perdarahan postpartum yang dapat menjadi fakor penyebab peningkatan Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI), sehingga proses penyembuhan luka menjadi hal penting untuk mengurangi resiko tersebut. Senam kegel dapat membantu proses penyembuhan luka karena melancarkan sirkulasi darah dan oksigen ke dalam otot dan jaringan disekitar, seperti perineum sehingga mempercepat proses penyembuhan luka. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui analisis (hubungan) senam kegel terhadap proses penyembuhan luka episotomi pada ibu postpartum di kota Bengkulu. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif analitik dengan analisis crossectional, sampel dalam penelitian ini ibu postpartum normal yang mengalami luka episiotomi di kota Bengkulu tahun 2022 yang berjumlah 40 orang, diambil dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling, lama senam 20 menit selama 7 hari dengan frekuensi 1 kali/hari. Hasil: Sebagian besar ibu postpartum dengan episiotomy tidak melakukan senam kegel, Sebagian besar mengalami proses penyembuhan luka > 7 hari. Ada hubungan anatara senam kegel dengan penyembuhan luka episiotomy pada ibu postpartum normal yang terjadi episiotomy dengan Pvalue 0,013. Simpulan: Terdapat percepatan proses penyembuhan luka episiotomi pada ibu posprtum yang emlakukan senam kegel, sehingga dapat disarankan pada ibu postpartum untuk melakukan senam kegel untuk membantu perbaikan jaringan yang luka akibat tindakan episiotomi.

Childbirth is a series of processes that end with the expulsion of the products of conception by the mother. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that there are more than 585,000 maternal deaths caused by complications of pregnancy and childbirth worldwide every year. Of the many who go through labor, not all of them experience tearing of the birth canal or perineal rupture. 1 in 4 women who experience perineum intact during labor. Due to the birth process, the perineum is widened by 170% from the transverse position (side to side) and 40-6-% in the vertical position (front to back) during the crowing process, so that there is a greater risk of perineal rupture. In Indonesia, out of a total of 1951 vaginal births, 1465 or 75% experienced perineal rupture, 158 or 8% received perineal sutures due to episiotomy and 566 or 29% experienced spontaneous tears. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the technique of straining in childbirth and the incidence of perineal rupture at the Kapasa Health Center The research method used was an analytic survey, using the Cross Sectional Study approach, which is a form of observational (non-experimental) study to find the relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable by taking momentary measurements in the research conducted by analyzing the relationship between knowledge of Maternity Straining Techniques and Events Perineal Rupture at the Kapasa Health Center. The results showed that the level of knowledge was not good with the incidence of perineal rupture as many as 11 respondents (52.3%) and knowledge.