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Adolescents are considered a vulnerable group to nutritional problems because they experience rapid physical growth accompanied by lifestyle changes and unhealthy eating habits. The increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity among teenagers has become a major public health concern that requires serious attention. This study was conducted to examine the relationship between peer influence, the frequency of eating out, and fast-food consumption habits with the incidence of overweight among students at SMAN 1 Surabaya. The research applied a quantitative approach using an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional method. A total of 81 students participated in the study and were selected through proportional random sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires, SQ-FFQ forms, and anthropometric measurements, then analyzed using the Chi-Square statistical test. The findings revealed significant associations between peer influence, eating out frequency, and fast-food consumption habits with the occurrence of overweight among adolescents. Students who more frequently consumed meals outside the home and regularly ate fast food showed a greater tendency to experience overweight and obesity. These results indicate that social environments and modern dietary patterns contribute to the increasing prevalence of overweight among adolescents. Therefore, nutrition education and healthy lifestyle promotion should be strengthened through the involvement of schools, families, and peer groups.

Nutritional problems during the growth phase of adolescent are mostly caused by consumption patterns. The most commonly used eating patterns during adolescent are foods that are high in calories, fat, sugar and salt. The habits of an unhealthy eating pattern can affect nutritional status. The foods most consumed by adolescent are often junk food and caffeinated beverages. All kinds of food and drinks are easily found around campuses surrounded by student. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between junk food consumption and caffeinated beverages to the nutritional status of students of the Faculty of Technology and Food Industry at Slamet Riyadi University, Surakarta. The respondents involved were students aged 18-24 years. Data was collected using a questionnaire and interview to the student. Data were analyzed using Chi-Square test. The results showed that factor affecting the nutritional status of student was mother’s education (p=0,000) and father’s education (p=0.000). Factors that do not affect nutritional status were energy intake (p=0.545), protein (p=0.085), fat (p=0.204) and carbohydrate (p=0.112), the amount of pocket money (p=0.310), the consumption level of junk food (p=0.671) and caffeinated drinks (p=0.535). The results showed that there was no significant relationship between the consumption patterns of junk food and caffeinated drinks on the nutritional status of students of the Faculty of Food Technology and Industry at Slamet Riyadi University, Surakarta. Permasalahan gizi yang terjadi saat pertumbuhan fase remaja lebih banyak disebabkan karena pola konsumsi.  Pola makan yang sering diterapkan pada masa remaja adalah makanan tinggi kalori, lemak, gula, dan garam. Pola makan yang tidak sehat dapat mempengaruhi status gizi seseorang. Makanan yang paling banyak dikonsumsi oleh kalangan remaja masuk dalam kategori junk food dan juga minuman berkafein. Makanan dan minuman kategori ini mudah ditemukan di sekitar kampus yang dikelilingi mahasiswa. Tujuan pada penelitian ini ialah menentukan hubungan pola konsumsi junk food dan minuman berkafein terhadap status gizi mahasiswa Fakultas Teknologi dan Industri Pangan di Universitas Slamet Riyadi, Surakarta. Responden yang terlibat ialah mahasiswa berusia 18-24 tahun. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dan wawancara kepada mahasiswa. Analisis data menggunakan uji Chi-Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor yang mempengaruhi status gizi mahasiswa adalah pendidikan ibu (p=0.000) dan pendidikan ayah (p=0.000). faktor yang tidak mempengaruhi status gizi ialah asupan energi (p=0.545), protein (p=0.085), lemak (p=0.204) and karbohidrat (p=0.112), jumlah uang saku (p=0.310), tingkat konsumsi junk food (p=0.671) dan minuman berkafein (p=0.535). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan signifikan antara pola konsumsi junk food dan minuman berkafein terhadap status gizi mahasiswa Fakultas Teknologi dan Industri Pangan Universitas Slamet Riyadi, Surakarta.

Physiotherapy plays an important role in promotive and preventive efforts through education for the community, including children’s health posts (posyandu). Children aged 1–5 years often experience eating difficulties that reduce appetite, increasing the risk of malnutrition and growth retardation. Low appetite is often related to oral-motor function disorders, such as difficulty chewing or swallowing. This activity aimed to increase mothers’ knowledge about oral-motor-sensory stimulation as an effort to improve children’s appetite. The community service program was conducted at Posyandu RW 02, Kota Lama Subdistrict, Malang City, involving 15 mothers or caregivers of toddlers. The method included physiotherapy counseling using interactive discussions and poster media, with knowledge evaluation through pre-test and post-test. The results showed a significant improvement in participants’ knowledge, from 0% in the pre-test to 85% in the post-test. This counseling effectively enhanced mothers’ understanding and practical skills in performing oral-motor-sensory stimulation independently at home. With regular implementation, this stimulation is expected to increase children’s appetite, improve nutritional status, and support optimal growth and development. Moreover, it reinforces the role of physiotherapy in preventing nutritional problems and improving the quality of life of children from an early age.

Eating problems in children refer to various behaviors or conditions that interfere with a child's ability to consume food properly. This can include refusal of certain foods, difficulty chewing or swallowing, and unhealthy eating habits. Eating problems in children are not a focus in everyday life, so they become an ignored problem. The presence of eating problems in children has an impact on nutritional status and health in the future. Even eating behaviors that have been patterned since childhood can continue into adolescence and even adulthood. Parental eating habits and strategies used in feeding are dominant determinants of children's eating behavior and food choices. Therefore, examining eating problems in children is important to do because this problem can affect the growth and development of children if not handled properly so that fast and appropriate treatment is needed.

Adolescence really requires higher levels of nutrition because of the physical growth and development that occurs from childhood to adolescence. Deviant eating habits certainly have an impact on nutritional problems such as undernutrition or overnutrition. The aim of this research is to determine the relationship between eating habits and physical activity and the nutritional status of adolescents in 2024. This research uses quantitative methods with a cross sectional design with 105 students at Al-Falah Islamic Middle School and uses random sampling techniques. This research instrument used the AFHC (Adolescent Food Habits Checklist) questionnaire and the GPAQ (Global Physical Activity Questionnaire). The chi square results obtained for the relationship between eating habits and adolescent nutritional status were p-value, namely 0.00 <0.05 and the chi square results for the relationship between physical activity and adolescent nutritional status were p-value, namely 0.00 <0.05, so there was a relationship between Physical Activity and Adolescent Nutritional Status.