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This study examines the effect of tax planning, deferred tax expense, deferred tax assets and managerial ownership on earnings management. The population in this study were all manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2018 to 2020. The sample selection used the purposive sampling method and 138 samples were obtained. The results of the research show that the variables of tax planning, deferred tax expense, deferred tax assets and managerial ownership have an effect on earnings management. The data collection method is done quantitatively and the data processing technique uses multiple linear regression analysis. The data used is obtained from financial reports reported on the Indonesia Stock Exchange and can be downloaded through the idx.co.id website and analyzed using SPSS. The test results show that tax planning, deferred tax expense, deferred tax assets and managerial ownership have a positive effect on earnings management

The main thing of the operational activities of a business company is to make a profit. In fact, maximizing profit is the main goal of all business decisions and activities. The company will go bankrupt if it does not make a profit. This study discusses the Factors Affecting Income Smoothing in Manufacturing Companies Listed on the Stock Exchange 2016-2020. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to test and analyze the effect of firm size, financial leverage, profitability, cash holding, and auditor reputation on income smoothing in manufacturing companies listed on the IDX. The method used in this research is a quantitative method with a descriptive approach. The results of this study can be said that company size, profitability, and cash storage have no significant effect on earnings performance. Meanwhile, financial leverage and auditor reputation have a negative and significant effect on earnings management in manufacturing companies.

The purpose of this research is find out how the influence of firm size, free cash flow, leverage, and profitability on earnings management. The population used in this study uses hotel, tourism, and restaurant sub-sector service companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2013-2020.  The test results show that firm size and profitability have a positive effect on earnings management, this indicates that the larger the firm size and the level of profit, the greater the opportunity for management to practice earnings management. Free Cash Flow has a negative effect on earnings management, this shows that if the amount of free cash flow is low in a company, the higher earnings management practices will be. Leverage has no effect on earnings management, this shows that the level of leverage does not make management perform earnings management.