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The main issue in this study is the practice of ministers concurrently holding positions as party chairpersons, despite conflicting with the provisions of Article 23 of Law No. 39 of 2008 concerning State Ministries, which prohibits ministers from concurrently serving as leaders of organizations funded by the state budget (APBN/APBD), including political parties that receive APBN/APBD funds. The focus of this research is on the reasons why the president appoints ministers from political party leadership and the implications of such dual positions. The method used is normative legal research with statutory and conceptual approaches, and data collection through literature review of regulations, literature, and other official documents. The study reveals that the main factors behind appointing ministers from party leadership are the dynamics of the multiparty system requiring the president to rely on coalition support, regulatory ambiguity regarding the prohibition of dual office holding, and political pragmatism that undermines the party’s role as representatives of the people. The implications of this practice include violations of Law No. 39 of 2008, weakening of checks and balances mechanisms, potential for transactional politics, strengthening of oligarchy and political dynasties, and violation of good governance principles. To address these issues, a revision of Article 23 of Law No. 39 of 2008 is necessary to make the prohibition of dual offices clearer, strengthen law enforcement mechanisms, ensure transparency in ministerial appointments, and secure the president’s commitment to meritocratic principles.

Military personnel performance is a crucial factor in achieving operational effectiveness, especially at the TNI AL IV Batam Main Base. Although adaptability and dual positions have been shown to have a significant effect on personnel performance, there is a knowledge gap regarding how superior support can moderate the relationship. This study aims to analyze the effect of adaptability on personnel performance, with superior support as a moderating variable, which is a new aspect and has not been widely studied in the military context. A quantitative approach was used in this study, using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method through AMOS software. Data were obtained from 30 respondents who were military personnel at the TNI AL IV Batam Main Base. The results showed that adaptability and dual positions had a positive and significant effect on personnel performance. In addition, superior support was shown to moderate the relationship between adaptability and dual positions with performance, strengthening the influence of both factors. The model used in this study also showed good fit, so it can be relied on to explain the relationship between variables. These findings fill the gap in previous research and emphasize the importance of developing adaptability, effective dual-job management, and superior support in order to improve the performance of military personnel in a dynamic and challenging work environment