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Background: Diabetic ulcers are complications that occur in clients with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) due to poor glycemic control. The slow healing process of wounds can increase the risk of wound complications, which will affect the duration of healing. Objective: To determine the relationship between knowledge and family support with the level of stress in DM patients with diabetic ulcers at Bhakti Asih General Hospital in Tangerang City. Method: This is a quantitative study with a Cross-Sectional approach. The sample consists of 62 DM patients using purposive sampling technique. The instruments used in this study are questionnaires on knowledge, family support, and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 42 (DASS 42). Data were analyzed using Spearman's rho test and presented in the form of frequency distribution tables. Results: The findings show that the majority of the knowledge variable indicates good family support (94.9%), and the stress level variable falls into the moderate stress category (66.7%). The correlation coefficient in this study shows a significant positive correlation between knowledge and family support with the level of stress in DM patients with diabetic ulcers (r = 0.490; p = 0.001), concluding that as family support increases, the level of stress in DM patients with diabetic ulcers improves. Conclusion: There is a relationship between knowledge and family support with the level of stress in DM patients with diabetic ulcers in the Nusa Indah room at Bhakti Asih General Hospital in Tangerang City.  

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease of insulin metabolism which is characterized by glucose levels exceeding normal values.  Diabetic ulcers are one of the causes of the risk of infection if not treated properly and correctly.  Factors that cause diabetic ulcers are poor blood circulation, age, gender, lack of physical activity, and an increase in diabetes mellitus. This application aims to determine the effect of foot exercises on the risk level of diabetic ulcers in people with diabetes mellitus. Descriptive by conducting an application to 2 respondents 3 times in 1 week with an interval of 2 days.  Respondents measured the highest systolic blood pressure between the right and left brachials and the right and left ankles which was then divided to obtain the Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) value before and after carrying out diabetic foot exercises. After implementing it 3 times, the result was that the ABI value for both respondents increased, namely by the difference between Mrs.  Sa 0.25 mmHg and Mrs.  Si 0.30 mmHg. It was found that there was an increase in the Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) value before and after carrying out diabetic foot exercises in both respondents.

Background : Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disorder caused by the pancreas being unable to produce insulin or unable to use insulin effectively, which is characterzed by an ncrease in blood sugar levels (Hyperglicemia), usually accompanied by the appearance of symptoms such as polyuria, polydipsia and polyphagia. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus n Marwah ward from April to June was 66 patients who experienced diabetic ulcers. Objective : to determine the level of Diabetes Mellitus wounds before and after treatment using 0.9% Nacl, and to see the comparison between the two. Method : This research shows that there is no change before and after wound treatment with 0.9% Nacl. On the degree of ulcuraton, but there was a reduction before treatment with Nacl 0.9% the wound appeared to have pus and was dirty and after treatment with Nacl 0.9% the wound looked clean and the pus was reduced. Results : This study showed that there was no change in the degree of ulceration, but there was a reduction in pus in the wound and the wound looked cleaner. Conclusion : After applying wound care with 0.9% Nacl to TN.

Diabetic ulcers are the most feared problem by diabetes mellitus patients because they have a negative impact on patients such as tissue death, wounds that are difficult to heal, foul smelling, reddish and black. The more severe the leg injury, the patient must undergo amputation. This problem causes disturbances in the individual's self-concept, especially self-esteem. In this case, the family has a significant role in determining the health status of individuals who experience illness or illness. Research objectives This literature review aims to find variables to be studied from various theories with problems to be studied as reference material in the discussion of research results. The method in this research is this study was obtained by searching for written sources in the National Library, Google Scholar, national journals and international journals that are relevant to the problems studied. Keywords used are family support, self-esteem and diabetic ulcers. The results showed that from the 5 journals obtained, the results obtained were that the five journals had a relationship between family support and self-esteem in diabetic ulcer patients.

Diabetic ulcers are one of the complications of diabetes mellitus. Diabetic ulcers can be aggravated by the presence of vascular disorders, such as arteries and veins because they will give a painful sensation to the ulcer area. Therefore, proper wound care is needed to minimize the effects of these vascular disorders, namely by reducing the compression of the wound dressing. This study aims to look at the development of diabetic ulcers accompanied by arterial and venous vascular disorders by providing decreased dressing compression during wound care. The research design used is a single case study on a patient with grade IV diabetic ulcer accompanied by arterial and venous vascular disorders. The intervention was to decrease dressing compression for 10 days of wound care.. From the wound care, improvement was obtained with reduced slough, the firm boundaries of the wound began to appear, the wound area was reduced from 10 x 7 cm to 9.3 x 7 cm. Decreasing dressing compression during wound care is considered a positive development for diabetic ulcers with arterial and venous compromise.

Diabetic ulcers are one of the chronic wounds resulting from the chronic complications of diabetes mellitus. Patients with diabetes mellitus are at risk of developing diabetic foot ulcers due to their vulnerability to nerve damage (neuropathy) and peripheral vascular disease in the lower limbs. In this case, a 68-year-old male presented with a non-healing ulcer on his right foot that has been progressively enlarging for the past month. The patient reported that the ulcer is currently pus-filled and wet. Previously, he often experienced numbness and tingling. The patient has been irregular in taking his diabetes medication. The wound has continued to enlarge, severely affecting the patient's foot. Prior to his departure to Madinah, he was hospitalized in Indonesia and underwent debridement for the ulcer. Non-adherence to diabetes treatment is a major cause of complications such as diabetic foot ulcers. Maintaining blood glucose levels as close to normal as possible is crucial for improving various hyperglycemia-related factors that can impede wound healing. In addition to providing pharmacotherapy and non-pharmacotherapy, doctors play a vital role in educating patients and their families about the disease. Doctors emphasize the importance of adhering to prescribed treatments, regularly monitoring blood glucose levels to keep them under control, and providing guidance on proper wound care.  

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic, progressive disease characterized by the body's inability to metabolize carbohydrates, fats and proteins, leading to hyperglycemia (high blood sugar levels). Diabetes Mellitus can be associated with serious complications such as kidney damage, eye problems, cardiovascular disease, nerve damage and skin and foot problems, so DM sufferers need to take precautions to avoid complications. There are several ways to prevent diabetic ulcers, several things that families and patients can do independently, checking the condition of the feet every day for Diabetes Mellitus sufferers needs to be done once a day to detect abnormalities such as redness, blisters, cracked skin, swelling and pain. Objective: To determine the relationship between foot care and the incidence of diabetic foot ulcers in diabetes mellitus sufferers in the Sukabumi Health Center Working Area. Method: The method used in this research is the Descriptive Analytical method with a cross-sectional approach. The samples used were 69 patients suffering from diabetes who were at risk of diabetic foot ulcers in the Sukabumi Community Health Center Working Area. Results: Based on the results of statistical tests with chi-square, the resulting P value was 0.000 < 0.05, which can be concluded that there is a relationship between foot care behavior and the incidence of diabetic ulcers in diabetes mellitus sufferers in the Sukabumi Community Health Center Working Area. Conclusion: it can be concluded that there is a relationship between foot care behavior and the incidence of diabetic ulcers in diabetes mellitus sufferers in the Sukabumi Health Center Work Area. Suggestion: DM sufferers are expected to be disciplined in caring for their feet even though diabetic foot ulcers have not yet occurred and families with diabetes are able to get involved and help if the patient has a serious ulcer, without having to visit health personnel.    

Based on the International Diabetic Federation (IDF), in 2017, the number of people suffering from DM in Indonesia was 10.3 million people, Indonesia was ranked 6th with the highest number of DM patients. Foot ulcers are often the main cause of hospitalization in DM patients, and DM is the main cause of lower extremity amputation in non-traumatic cases. Currently, Indonesia does not yet have a consensus for the management of diabetic foot infections. Management of diabetic foot infections currently uses guidelines from the Infectious Disease Society of America (IDSA) and the International Working Group of Diabetic Foot (IWGDF) for empirical selection of antibiotics. The basic principles of healing diabetic ulcers are adequate arterial perfusion, proper control of infection, and offloading the ulcer area. Empirical selection of antibiotics often coincides with inadequate information regarding microbiological patterns. Choosing an antibiotic with a spectrum that is too narrow will cause pathogens to be overlooked in infections which are often caused by polymicrobial, and cause clinical deterioration in the patient. Unnecessary selection of broad-spectrum antibiotics can contribute to the increasing problem of antibiotic resistance. Mild and moderate infections can be given antibiotics with a narrower spectrum. Severe infections require parenteral administration to reach therapeutic levels immediately.

The hydrogel's optimum hydration ability can lyse slough and necrotic tissue (autolytic debridement ability). This study aims to determine the description of diabetic wound care using hydrogel as a modern dressing in the development of BWAT scores. The research design uses a case study method and consisting of 2 samples with grade II-III diabetic ulcers at Pedis Care Malang. The results of the study on subject I obtained the BWAT score on the first treatment was 33 and on the sixth day of treatment was 26, in subject II the first treatment was 37 and on the sixth day of treatment was 25, showed a decrease in the BWAT score, which means that diabetic ulcer healing progressed. The healing process of diabetic ulcer wounds is also influenced by the nutrients that enter the body, one of which is protein which plays a role in cell formation. The researcher's advice for both subjects is that they are expected to be able to maintain wound moisture with sustainable modern dressings until the wound is declared healed and increase nutrition as a supporting factor for wound healing.

The incidence of injuries is increasing every year, both acute wounds and chronic wounds. A recent study in America showed that the prevalence of patients with wounds was 3.50 per 1000 population. The majority of wounds in the world's population are wounds due to surgery/trauma (48.00%), foot ulcers (28.00%), decubitus wounds (21.00%). In 2009, MedMarket Diligence, a wound association in America conducted research on the incidence of wounds in the world based on disease etiology. Data obtained for surgical wounds were 110.30 million cases, trauma wounds 1.60 million cases, abrasions there were 20.40 million cases, burns 10 million cases, decubitus ulcers 8.50 million cases, venous ulcers 12.50 million cases, diabetic ulcers 13.50 million cases, amputations 0.20 million per year, carcinoma 0.60 million per year, melanoma 0.10 million, skin cancer complications there are 0.10 million cases. Injuries that occur in all our daily activities. Abrasions due to falls, injuries from sharp objects such as knives, nails and so on are considered minor injuries.

Background of study: Diabetic ulcers is a complication of diabetes mellitus resulting from sensory, motor, autonomic neuropathy and/or vascular disorders of the limbs. One of the diabetic ulcer treatment techniques is using aloe vera gel. Aloe vera contains anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory and can repair tissue damage of diabetic ulcers. Objective: to determine changes and developments after applying aloe vera gel to diabetic ulcer wound healing. Methods: This research uses descriptive case studies by observing nursing care for diabetic ulcer patients using aloe vera gel at the Rasika Gunungkidul Wound Clinic with an application 6x and application is carried out every 2 days using the Bates-Jensen Wound Assessment Tool. Results: The results of the assessment score before application in respondent 1 score 32 points with categories wound degeneration and respondent 2 score 21 points with categories wound degeneration. After application with aloe vera gel the score on respondent 1 was 21 points with categories wound degeneration while on respondent 2 was 10 points with categories wound regenration. The two respondents had a decrease in score which indicated that the wound had progressed significantly. Conclusion: The application of aloe vera gel can be used as an effective non-pharmacological method for diabetic ulcer wound.  

Background: Diabetic ulcer is a complication of peripheral neuropathy in people with diabetes mellitus which often ends in disability or death. Proper handling of infection is closely related to the rational use of antibiotics to avoid the occurrence of resistance. The emergence of resistance to antibiotics has an effect on the risk of increasing infection status, increasing the length of stay in the hospital, the risk of amputation and even death. Objectives: This study aims to determine the type and percentage of bacteria present in diabetic ulcers and to test the sensitivity of antibiotics prescribed in diabetic patients with ulcers in the inpatient room of RSUD Kraton, Pekalongan Regency. Methods: The research model used was descriptive to describe the profile of bacteria and the sensitivity of antibiotics prescribed to bacterial findings from diabetic ulcer isolates in inpatients at Kraton Hospital, Pekalongan Regency. The research method was carried out by biochemical identification and sensitivity testing of the Kirby Bauer technique on 2 samples of diabetic patients with ulcer complications taken by total census during March-April 2022. Results: Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter aerogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa were found with a percentage of 50% each. The sensitivity test showed that Ampicillin was resistant to Staphylococcus aureus, Ciprofloxacin was resistant to Enterobacter aerogenes and intermediate to Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The percentage of effectiveness of Meropenem and Metronidazole antibiotics had the highest sensitivity values, namely 100%, 50% Ampicillin and 25% Ciprofloxacin. Conclusion: From the research that has been done, it can be concluded that Ampicillin is resistant to Staphylococcus aureus, Ciprofloxacin is resistant to Enterobacter aerugenes, Ciprofloxacin intermediate is resistant to Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Meropenem and Metronidazole are sensitive to the three bacterial findings namely Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter aerogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Foot sensitivity is very important for people with Diabetes Mellitus because of the risk causing trauma, because there is a decrease in sensitivity, the feet of people with diabetes mellitus often do not feel stimulation, and wounds often occur so that they can make the wound bigger and smelly or diabetic ulcers occur and make sufferers experience a decrease in self-confidence.The purpose of this research is to know the effects of diabetic foot exercise on foot sensitivity of patients for Diabetes mellitus Type 2 at Talawaan Health Centre. This research is quantitative study through using experimental research. Involving the sample of 15 respondents and  used the sampling technique with total sampling. Collecting and processing using the Wilcoxon test with P Value of 0.001 with value (? = 0.05). The result of this study indicates that Ha is accepted, and Ho is rejected. The conclusion of study that can be drawn is that there is an effect that foot exercise therapy on has patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 in the Talawaan Health Centre.