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This study analyzed the writing skills in English expository text. There are five indicators in writing expository text: content, organization, grammar, vocabulary, and mechanics. This study aimed to investigate the students' writing skill on expository text related to the five indicators of English expositorytext and investigated the difficulties in writing English expository text. This research study used a descriptive quantitative research design. The participants were first semester students at English Literature Study Program of Universitas Trunojoyo Madura. The data collected from students' writing expository text test and analyzed by using Heaton’s theory. The result data analysis showed that: 1) 47% of students were average to good in writing content, 2) 51% of students were average to good in writing organization, 3) 31% of students were average to good in using grammar, 4) 36% of students were very good to excellent in using vocabulary, 5) 44% of students were very good to excellent in writing mechanics. This research found some difficulties the students when writing expository text. First, students cannot develop their ideas. Second, students are unable to develop their idea based on topic that they have to explain in expository text. Third, students struggle with grammatical structure of expository text. That means, they have to more understand about the simple present tense. Fourth, they were difficult to select appropriate vocabulary when writing expository text. The last, they miss-spelt words and were unsure of proper punctuation that was causing an error of mechanics.    

The onset of stretch Marks makes some people feel insecure. The author made a scrub made from gotu kola leaves. This study aims to determine how to make scrub leaves gotu kola, knowing the feasibility sensory test and knowing the condition of stretch marks after using scrub leaves gotu kola. This study was conducted by observation, interviews, questionnaires, experiments, documentation, and literature. The analysis used qualitative descriptive analysis. The manufacture of powder starts from the preparation of tools and materials, washing, weighing, drying, rarefaction, weighing dry leaves. The powder is taken to taste and mixed using olive oil. The product results are submitted to five expert validators to test the feasibility of the product using sensory tests. The feasibility of the product was tested by color averaging 4,7 in the very decent category, aroma averaging 4,1 in the decent category, texture averaging 4,1 in the decent category, ease of use averaging 3,9 in the moderately decent category, packaging averaging 4,9 in the very decent category. There is an improvement in the product that is more mashed powder, mixing powder using warm water and olive oil in a ratio of 1:2 and cooling scrub enough 5-10 minutes. Based on the results of the feasibility of the product can be concluded concluded that the product scrub leaves gotu kola feasible to be a new innovation in the manufacture of scrubs. The use of scrubs for 6 times conducted by 10 respondents resulted in the condition of stretch marks that fade, skin texture becomes more flat and the stretch decreases.

The purpose of this research is : (1) to describes the error of Indonesian language in exposition text by the students at class X, (2) causes of error, and (3) the effort which is done by the teacher and student to solve the error. This research is a qualitative descriptive research with a sample student text SMAIT Ummul Quro Bogor kelas X IPA 1  dan X IPA 3. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. Data collection techniques used were in-depth interviews and document analysis. Data analysis technique used is the interactive analytical model that includes four components, namely data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and verification. The conclusions of this study are as follows. Firstly, the linguistic elements of language errors that often occur in the student text is divided into four errors : spelling error, diction, sentence, and paragraph. Secondly, language errors that often occur in a student text exposition caused by several factors, among others: is inadequate of language mastery, lack of examples by the teachers, the influence of foreign language, lack of writing peactice, and lack of writing time. Thirdly, the efforts have been made to minimize errors include: improving students' language mastery, having more practices in writing, implementing appropriate correction technique, and implementing a process approach to teaching writing.

In online media, writing errors regarding language are often found. One of them is online media in the process of writing news texts sometimes in a hurry because it is based on a predetermined deadline. This error occurs because it violates two of the three terms of word selection, namely "true" and "right". This study aims to (1) describe the form of language errors in terms of the use of word choice and italics contained in the DetikOto online news text, (2) explain the form of errors and language corrections in terms of the use of word choice and italics that dominantly appear in news texts. online detikOto. This research uses a descriptive method. The data of this research are in the form of errors in words and sentences containing language errors in the DetikOto news text. Data collection techniques used are reading, marking errors, identifying, analyzing, and concluding. While the instrument in this study is the researcher himself and the instructions for errors and improvements. Furthermore, the note-taking technique is used to write down the problems in the reading. The note-taking technique used is to record words or sentences which are a form of language error in the field of spelling. After being analyzed and described based on the form of language errors in the field of spelling, errors in spelling in the news text include: 1. Word Choice Errors, 2. Acronym Errors, 3. Title Writing, 4. Italicized Writing. Then concluded from the improvement of the sentence.

The purpose of this study is (1) to describe the errors in terms of syntax, which are found in online media Kompas.com; (2) to provide correction of language errors in terms of syntax, which are contained in Kompas.com online media. This research is a descriptive qualitative research. The data collection technique used is the listening technique to obtain data by listening to the use of language and note-taking techniques to record words or sentences for analysis. The results of the analysis regarding the analysis of language errors can be concluded that there are forms of language errors in the field of syntax. One of them is the researcher determines the structure of sentences in news texts based on functions, categories, and roles.

The purpose of making this journal is to analyze the figure of speech and the meaning contained in the lyrics of Nadin Amizah's song entitled "Like Bones". Researchers are interested in analyzing the lyrics of the song "Like Bones" because it contains words that are both unique and beautiful and have meanings that can be interpreted. In addition, researchers are interested in identifying what figure of speech is contained in the lyrics of the song, because the lyrics of this song have meanings and expectations that want to be informed directly and indirectly. After that, the procedure used in this research is a qualitative descriptive procedure, which is a procedure with the method of analyzing information and the results of the information after it is processed into the form of descriptive text. The subjects analyzed were in the form of song lyrics titled "Like Bones". The results of the analysis of the lyrics of this song show that there are personifications, rhetorical figures of speech, and paradoxical figures of speech. The meaning and meaning contained in lyrics of the song "Like Bones" is the story of someone good at hiding wounds even though he is often seen laughing.

The study aims to analyze the content of the Gorontalo Dikili manuscript and its relevance to messages and values ​​of kindness. This research is library research with a descriptive qualitative approach.  Primary data were collected and identified through documents in the form of manuscripts and written with APG script, totalling 10 main themes and containing 297 couplets. Secondary data in the form of video recordings The data is processed following the stages of philological analysis by reading the manuscript, identification, editing, and interpretation. The interpretation technique is done by directed content analysis. The results of this study indicate that the manuscript in Gorontalo contains messages and values of kindness that can be used as lessons and examples in following the sunnah of the Prophet. The values ​​of goodness include:  The value of spiritual education is related to patience and independence as an orphan. Moral values, in the form of fair behaviour in acting and behaving. Cultural values ​​are related to the recommendation of circumcision which is useful for maintaining genital hygiene for men, maintaining the respectfulness of women to avoid disgraceful attitudes and traits, and tolerant behaviour toward adherents of other religions. Social value is found in the sincere attitude of giving and willing to share, and always giving benefits to others. This research has implications for information about the contents of the dikili manuscript which has not been revealed, so the celebration of the prophet's birthday by re-reading the prophet's life history text needs to be preserved. 

Analyzing a literary work can be done in a wide variety of ways or approaches. This article discusses the hidden meaning of the poem by Rustam Effendi. This discussion aims to better understand the reader of the content of the poem. The theory used in this refrain is Zygmunt Bauman's Heurmenetic theory which focuses on the clarity of the message and the basic understanding of an obscure speech or writing. The method used in this analysis is a qualitative descriptive method where this research is carried out to examine an object with natural characteristics to create factual research results. The stages carried out in this discussion begin with analyzing the array, analyzing the structure that composes the text of the poem, objectifying the structure of the text, and interpreting the text of the poem. Thus, the results of this study can show the hidden meaning in the poem "Not Beta Bijak Berperi" by Rustam Effendi as a form of ideology that the poet uses in representing ideas in the form of poetry.

This study aims to analyze the meaning of several dictions in a text that deals with it. The source of the data used in this study in the text of a poem entiled Sukma Pujangga by J.E Tatengkeng. The aspect that must be investigated is analyzing the meaning of the 6 dictions in the poetry text of Sukma Pujangga. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The results showed that from several dictions that have been analyzed, it can be seen from the meaning of the poem that it describes someone who has a very high artistic spirit and is willing to make any effort to maintain his desires and stance. He doesn’t want to live for other people and just wants to be free to do whatever he wants and achieve his dreams even though he has to go through various obstacles. There are several meanings contained in the poem, including: connotative meaning, contextual meaning, abstract words, and special words.

This study aims to discuss the hidden meaning in the text of the poem "Padamu Jua" by Amir Hamzah through discussion and exposure in terms of Hermeneutics and also examines interesting diction in the text of the poem. The hermeneutical theory is used to interpret the meaning of the poem. This study also uses a descriptive qualitative research model. The data subject of this study is a literary work of poetry with research data in the form of quoted words whose meaning and diction are analyzed using a hermeutical approach. Diction is word choice. That is, we choose the right words to convey an idea and accuracy. The role of diction in poetry is very important because in poetry words are everything. In fact, for the type of imaginary poetry as stated by Sapardi Djoko Damono. The data collection technique in this article is the first to analyze the meaning of perbait with a hermeneutical approach, the second to analyze and look for the interesting diction in the poem "Padamu Jua" by Amir Hamzah and the third to present the data results in descriptive form.

This research was meant to describe students' descriptive writing abilities. The sample of this research were 25 second semester students of English education study program of IAIN Palangka Raya who were chosen using random sampling technique. This research is descriptive research. Then, a descriptive text writing test was used to measure the students' ability in writing descriptive text. Vocabulary, mechanics, and organization are the three key areas on which students' abilities to write descriptive writings are being concentrated. While the final ability of students in writing descriptive texts is categorized into five levels; very good, good, average, fair, bad. The findings revealed that the students generally had a score of 66 for writing descriptive text, which was considered to be good. Meanwhile, three components that researcher focused on in writing descriptive text; Student's vocabulary score is 77 categorized in good level, Student's mechanics score is 63 categorized in good level, and students' organization score is 63 categorized or in good level.

The fabric slashing technique is the appearance of a clothing that requires modifications to beautify the clothing. The way to beautify a garment is to be creative by using the fabric slashing technique which can make the garment more attractive. The purpose of this technique is to explain about the fabric slashing technique process along with making clothes that will be applied to ready to wear. Descriptive method is done by looking for information related to the technique. The fabric slashing technique uses a piece of cloth that is cut according to a pattern. This technique will be a research on how to do slashing techniques on ready to wear which will produce new motifs and textures on the surface of the fabric. This research produces new motifs and textures on the surface of the fabric that will look oozing at the edges. This research uses vertical and horizontal line motifs on the fabric surface. The slashing technique can be further expanded on the design with various variations such as changing the shape, size and color. The types of materials used can vary to see the results of the materials obtained are right or not.

Bakpao which is processed with local food ingredients such as arrowroot tubers can increase the economic value and people's consumption power of local food ingredients. Arrowroot tubers can be used as a source of carbohydrates to replace rice and wheat flour. The objectives of this study are (1) to determine the acceptance of the community towards the most preferred rice balls with arrowroot flour substitution. (2) to determine the composition of the ingredients used in the manufacture of rice balls with the most preferred substitution of arrowroot flour. (3) to determine the process of making buns with the most preferred substitution of arrowroot flour. The methods and data analysis used in this research are library, experimental, documentation, sensory test and descriptive data analysis methods. The percentage of arrowroot flour substitution in the manufacture of arrowroot flour substitution buns was 20%, 30%, and 40% of the weight of wheat flour. The overall assessment using the highest ranking of the three samples with the criteria of shape, taste, color, texture, and aroma is the bakpao sample with the substitution of arrowroot flour by 20%.

Mantras in some traditions and cultures are closely related to the values of spirituality and religiosity. Mantras can be used as a vehicle to pray and desire in the hope that they can be granted by God. Asihan becomes one type of mantra that has the function of getting the affection of the intended person. Asihan has magical powers that are suggestive that make spell pronunciation have charisma and the power to attract the attention of others. This article aims to describe the structure, context of speech, creation process, and function of the asihan. The method used in this article is descriptive-qualitative by placing text analysis as the object of research. In addition, it is also analyzed the context of mantra speech related to the practice that is a condition of obtaining the power of the mantra. The results showed that the structure of the mantra of asihan from the use of language, compounds, and themes with isotopic analysis has a relationship with the form of belief in God. Meanwhile, the context of speech and the process of creation describes the process of pronouncing mantras and practices that must be fulfilled by spell pronunciation, while the function shows the functional usefulness of mantras by spell pronunciation.