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Copyright is an exclusive right granted to creators to protect their intellectual works. The importance of copyright protection has increased with advances in digital technology and the widespread use of social media as a means of content distribution. Digital platforms such as YouTube, Instagram, TikTok, and various other streaming services facilitate the distribution of digital works, but also give rise to problems such as piracy and the use of works without the permission of the copyright owner. This digital piracy can result in economic and moral losses for creators. This study aims to analyze the application of copyright in the context of social media and examine the legal regulations governing copyright protection to address digital piracy in Indonesia. The method used in this study is a normative legal research method with a statutory and conceptual approach. The results show that legal protection for digital works is regulated by Law Number 28 of 2014 concerning Copyright and is strengthened by Law Number 1 of 2024 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions. These two regulations provide a legal basis for protecting the moral and economic rights of creators and authorize the government to block access to content that infringes copyright. These regulations are expected to reduce digital piracy and create a digital ecosystem that respects intellectual property rights.

Digital copyright piracy remains a growing legal issue in Indonesia alongside the rapid development of information technology. This practice not only causes economic losses to creators and copyright holders but also reflects a gap between legal norms and social realities. This study aims to analyze legal protection for digital copyrights and to assess the effectiveness of Law Number 28 of 2014 on Copyright. This research employs a normative legal method using a library research approach by examining statutory regulations and relevant academic literature. The findings indicate that although Indonesia has established an adequate legal framework for copyright protection, its implementation remains ineffective due to low public legal awareness, weak law enforcement, and challenges in monitoring digital platforms. These findings emphasize that effective copyright protection requires not only comprehensive regulations but also synergy between the government, law enforcement authorities, and the development of a strong legal culture within society.

The rapid development of digital technology has driven the advancement of the gaming industry in Indonesia, including the emergence of local games such as DreadOut by Digital Happiness, which has gained international recognition. However, this success is accompanied by serious challenges in the form of piracy through illegal websites that harm copyright holders. This study aims to analyze the legal protection of the game DreadOut against piracy practices based on Law Number 28 of 2014 concerning Copyright. The method used is a normative juridical approach through statutory analysis and literature study. The findings show that DreadOut is a copyrighted work categorized as a video game and is legally protected. Nevertheless, law enforcement against piracy still faces various obstacles, such as the complaint-based offense system, low public awareness, and the ease of access to piracy sites. Therefore, stronger inter-agency cooperation, policy reforms to shift complaint-based offenses into ordinary offenses, and public education to increase respect for intellectual property rights are needed. Effective legal protection will support the growth of the local gaming industry and ensure the sustainability of Indonesian creative works in the digital era.

Free trade provides significant opportunities for developing countries to increase exports, expand market access, and drive economic growth. Through engagement in global markets, products and services can reach a wider range of consumers, creating the potential for increased national income. However, global economic integration also presents serious challenges, particularly in terms of the protection of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR). As national boundaries in economic activity become increasingly blurred, intellectual property—including patents, trademarks, industrial designs, copyrights, and trade secrets—becomes increasingly vulnerable to infringement. Common forms of infringement include piracy, counterfeiting of branded products, and theft of technology or innovation. These practices not only harm creators or rights owners but can also hinder the development of innovation, reduce industrial competitiveness, and undermine consumer confidence. Adequate IPR protection requires a combination of strong national regulations and an effective international legal framework. Instruments such as the TRIPS (Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights) Agreement under the WTO provide global standards to which compliance must be adhered, but implementation at the national level is crucial for their success. Weak or inconsistent law enforcement can open the door to violations that harm both domestic and foreign businesses. Beyond legal aspects, effective IPR protection also impacts the investment climate. Investors tend to invest in countries that can guarantee the security of their intellectual assets. Therefore, IPR protection is not only a legal issue but also a long-term economic development strategy. Therefore, in the era of free trade, developing countries need to balance market openness with strengthening IPR protection systems to create a conducive environment for innovation, sustainable economic growth, and public welfare.

This research discusses the legal protection of copyright with a focus on the criminal act of digital content piracy in Indonesia. Using normative legal research methods, this study highlights criminal penalties, the concept of restitution, and the impact of digital technology on copyright infringement. Primarily, the research explores the legal response to movie, music, and software piracy, detailing the criminal penalties provided for in Law Number 28 of 2014 on Copyright. In the context of digital technology, the research examines the role of technology in enhancing and challenging law enforcement against copyright infringement. The research conclusion emphasizes the importance of adaptive regulation, educational campaigns, and cross-sector collaboration, supported by the utilization of technology to enhance the effectiveness of law enforcement.

This study aims to determine the form of protection of digital copyright holders against copyright infringement. This study is a normative legal study using primary and secondary legal materials. This study uses an approach in the form of a legislative approach and is analyzed using a syllogism with a deductive mindset. The results of this study indicate that copyright is an exclusive right of the creator that is obtained automatically after a creation is manifested in a tangible form without reducing restrictions in accordance with the provisions of laws and regulations. The use of technology makes it easy for people to search for and access the information they need. This technological advancement has also made copyright infringement through piracy increasingly rampant. One of the violations that occurs is piracy by re-uploading which occurs due to advances in technology and information. Copyright protection on various digital platforms is an obligation that must be considered by the public to protect digital works. Piracy often occurs on platforms that have features for sharing video content. The less good consequences that result are the practice of piracy by re-uploading.

This study aims to provide legal protection for production houses as copyright holders and offer knowledge about unlawful acts that can be committed by production houses regarding the economic losses caused by the illegal distribution of films on the Telegram app. It is hoped that this research will raise awareness in society that piracy or the illegal distribution of films can cause harm to production houses as well as infringe on the copyright holder’s rights. This study uses a normative legal research method with a statutory approach to analyze the applicable regulations in protecting copyright. The results of this study show that parties involved in piracy and the distribution of someone’s copyrighted work have committed unlawful acts, violating both the economic and moral rights of the copyright holder, one of which is the production house. Parties involved in piracy and distribution can be prosecuted in accordance with the provisions outlined in Article 1365 of the Civil Code and Article 113 of Law No. 28 of 2014 on copyright. This study is expected to contribute to the development of legal protection for copyright holders in Indonesia.

Internet users in the use of information have given rise to two opposite sides, where on the one hand it is easier in terms of access and utilization of information, while on the other hand it causes various kinds of illegal acts, one of which is copyright infringement in the form of film piracy which is currently inserted through illegal streaming sites resulting in losses for the creators of cinematographic works. This of course violates the ITE Law and the Joint Regulation of the Minister of Law and Human Rights and the Minister of Communication and Informatics concerning the Implementation of Content Closure and/or User Access Rights, Copyright Infringement and/or Related Rights in Electronic Systems. This research is a normative juridical research using a legislative and conceptual approach, using legal materials from literature and the internet as a source of legal materials. The results of the study show: (1) The form of legal protection for the creators of cinematographic works in film piracy on illegal streaming sites is reviewed from the ITE Law in a preventive manner regulated in Articles 23-25, Article 25, Article 32 paragraphs (1) and (2) of the ITE Law and has been repressively regulated in Article 48 paragraphs (1) and (2) of the ITE Law and the Joint Regulation of the Minister of Law and Human Rights & the Minister of Communication and Information related to Content Closure. (2) The effectiveness of the legal protection provided by the government to the creators of cinematographic works in the piracy of films on illegal streaming sites provided by the government through the ITE Law and the Joint Regulation of the Minister of Law and Human Rights and the Minister of Communication and Informatics related to site blocking cannot be said to be effective until now because the legal factor itself has not sufficiently accommodated the protection of creators clearly in the event of film piracy on illegal streaming sites.

Legal protection of intellectual property rights (IPR) in the digital era is important because of the increasing economic activity and innovation carried out online. The aim of this research is to understand the challenges and solutions in protecting IPR in the digital era and to evaluate the effectiveness of existing legal instruments. The method used is descriptive and qualitative analysis based on the latest literature and legal regulations related to IPR in the digital era. The research results show that the digital era poses new challenges in IPR protection such as copyright infringement, identity theft and content piracy. However, there have been efforts to address these challenges through regulations such as the Copyright Act and the WIPO Convention. However, implementation and enforcement are often hampered by technological complexity and jurisdictional limitations. In conclusion, legal protection of IPR in the digital era requires a holistic approach through collaboration between government, the private sector and civil society. It is important to continue to develop adaptive regulations and strengthen international cooperation in law enforcement to overcome the challenges faced.    

The rapid and modern development of technology has created an increasing need for adequate software, but sometimes the cost of software is often a problem for some individuals and companies who want to use it. Software piracy has become a common problem in society, which is detrimental to copyright holders and threatens the security of user data. This research analyzes publications on software piracy and its impact on Indonesian law from 2019 to 2024. The method used in this research is bibliometric analysis by collecting data through Google Scholar. The results show five main clusters covering legal aspects and internet technology.  Through this analysis, it was found that the close relationship between software piracy and Law No. 11 of 2008 on Electronic Information and Transactions, Constitution No. 28 of 2014 on Copyright, Law No. 1 of 2023 on the criminal code, and Law No. 1 of 2024 on the second amendment to Law No. 11 of 2008 on Electronic Information and Transactions are very relevant in dealing with this problem. However, further analysis is needed to understand their practical implementation and effectiveness in addressing software piracy. This research shows the potential for further research in software piracy based on keywords that are rarely used in previous studies.

The world of knowledge and technology continues to develop rapidly, especially in the current digital era, which allows works that were previously in physical form to switch to digital form. This research aims to gain an understanding of the legal protection of copyrighted works in the digital era and the role of the government in dealing with the problem of copying copyrighted works. In this research, the juridical normative method is used; Copyright consists of moral and economic rights, and to use the economic rights of a work, the copyright holder must be permitted. Nevertheless, copyright laws need to be strengthened, especially to stop e-book piracy.