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The phenomenon of tourist destinations experiencing a decline in popularity after a viral phase (post-viral stagnation) poses significant challenges to the sustainability of urban tourism. This study aims to test a structural model for destination reactivation in Kampung Pelangi, Semarang, focusing on the role of digital transformation in strengthening destination resilience through the mediation of competitive advantage. Using a quantitative approach, data were collected from 150 respondents and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM-PLS). The results of the hypothesis testing indicate that digital transformation has a positive and significant influence on competitive advantage (β = 0.495; t = 5.820; p < 0.001) and destination resilience (β = 0.312; t = 3.450; p < 0.001). Furthermore, competitive advantage was found to have a strong impact on resilience (β = 0.542; t = 7.115; p < 0.001). A mediation test demonstrated that competitive advantage significantly mediated the relationship between digital transformation and resilience (β = 0.268; t = 4.890; p < 0.001). This model demonstrated a predictive power of 61.2% (R2 = 0.612) for destination resilience. This finding emphasizes that post-pandemic destination reactivation requires the integration of digital capabilities that can restore differentiation and unique value propositions to achieve long-term resilience.

The premium healthcare industry in urban areas is experiencing increasing competition along with the increase in healthcare facilities and the increasing public demand for fast, comfortable, and quality medical services. In this context, Columbia Asia Pulomas Hospital is implementing an expansion strategy by increasing facility capacity, modernizing services, and adding a Center of Excellence (COE) as a service differentiation. This study aims to analyze customer retention strategies within the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) framework, focusing on the relationship between customer perspectives, internal processes, learning and growth, and their application to the financial perspective. The research method uses a document-based policy and strategy analysis approach, field findings, and a synthesis of Balanced Scorecard theory and patient experience.The analysis shows that customer retention during the expansion phase is influenced not only by clinical quality, but also by the assurance of doctor time in practice, speed of service, physical comfort, and digitization of queues and administration. The addition of a COE has been shown to increase the perception of service value and expand market share through service specialist differentiation. Within the BSC framework, the customer perspective serves as a leading indicator for achieving the financial perspective, where increased patient retention contributes to increased revenue, ROI growth, and long-term financial expectations. The research implications emphasize that strategies for strengthening human resources, modernizing internal processes, and service innovation are important foundations in ensuring successful hospital expansion and enhancing competitive advantage.

Analysis of the business situation experienced by PT Spectrum Lintas Service indicates that the achievement of success in obtaining large-scale project contracts is greatly influenced by the technical image and confidence given by clients. This study aims to investigate the impact of Improving Technical Qualifications, Customer Relationship Management, and Procedural Governance Quality on the Achievement of Competitive Advantage at PT Spectrum Lintas Service. The study population consisted of a total of 141 customers. The data analysis approach used was the SPSS tool to test the research hypothesis through t-test and F-test. The results of the F-test showed a significance probability value of 0.000 smaller than 0.05. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that improving technical qualifications, customer relationship management, and procedural governance quality significantly contribute to the competitive advantage of PT. Spectrum Lintas Service. Improving technical qualifications has a negative but not substantial impact on competitive advantage, with a significance value of 0.110 greater than 0.05. Customer relationship management has an impact on competitive advantage with a significance value of 0.00, which is smaller than 0.05. The quality of the procedural system has a significant influence on competitive advantage.

Trade secrets are a type of Intellectual Property Right that plays a crucial role in providing legal protection for business information with economic value and kept confidential by its owner. In the food industry, recipes not only serve as production guidelines but also serve as a business's identity and competitive advantage. Legal issues can arise if the recipe is used or owned by others without permission, especially when conflicts arise within the business or during competition. This situation can trigger trade secret disputes that can be detrimental to business owners, both financially and sustainably. This article discusses the position of fried chicken recipes as trade secrets in culinary business practices in Indonesia and the forms of legal protection available to rights holders. The discussion was conducted based on the provisions of Law Number 30 of 2000 concerning Trade Secrets, using a normative approach. The analysis shows that a fried chicken recipe falls into the trade secret category if it meets the requirements of being unknown to the public, having economic value, and being strictly maintained by the business owner. Therefore, legal protection for trade secrets is crucial to prevent unfair business competition and provide legal certainty and protection for culinary businesses in Indonesia  

Digital transformation has brought fundamental changes to the structure and dynamics of modern industrial economics. Technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), and big data not only modify production and distribution processes but also revolutionize marketing strategies and patterns of industrial competition. This study is motivated by the need to understand how digital marketing transformation influences the development of competitive advantage through changes in digital market structure from an industrial economics perspective. In this context, digital marketing functions as a strategic instrument that integrates technology, data, and consumer behavior into market mechanisms. The analysis shows that digitalization creates a network-based market structure characterized by the concentration of economic power in major digital platforms and dominance in data control. This structure affects the intensity of competition, the direction of innovation, and patterns of industry differentiation. Digital marketing transformation enhances efficiency, expands market access, and lowers entry barriers for new players, yet it also creates competitive imbalances due to the dominance of large platforms.Through a digital Structure–Conduct–Performance (SCP) approach, the study finds that market structure acts as an intermediary variable that channels the impact of digitalization on competitive advantage. Digitalization significantly promotes industrial efficiency, innovation, and profitability. Proposed strategic solutions include strengthening digital literacy, developing adaptive regulations, and fostering cross-sector collaboration to create an inclusive, competitive, and sustainable digital industrial ecosystem

Indonesian fashion SMEs have significant export opportunities, but their export performance remains suboptimal as not all businesses are able to convert innovation, digitalisation, and market orientation into tangible international competitiveness. This study aims to analyse the determinants of Indonesian fashion SMEs’ export performance from the perspectives of the Resource-Based View and Internationalisation Theory. The study employs an explanatory quantitative approach using a cross-sectional survey design involving 200 owners or key managers of fashion SMEs in East Java, selected through purposive sampling. Data were analysed using SEM-PLS. Simulation results indicate that internal capabilities, international market orientation, and access to international networks have a positive influence on competitive advantage, whilst competitive advantage has a positive influence on export performance. Internal capabilities and access to international networks also demonstrate a significant direct influence on export performance, whilst international market orientation is not directly significant but operates through competitive advantage. The implication is that strategies to boost fashion SME exports should focus on strengthening innovation, quality, brand differentiation, and international market networks, rather than merely on symbolic digital adoption.  

This study aims to analyze the contribution and potential of the Lampung Province tourism sector to national economic growth in the 2020-2025 period. Using a quantitative descriptive approach using the Location Quotient (LQ) and Shift Share methods, this study processes secondary data on Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) at constant prices from the Central Statistics Agency. The analysis shows that although Lampung's macroeconomic performance is still dominated by the primary sector, the tourism sector, particularly the accommodation and food and beverage subsector, has demonstrated post-pandemic resilience with a significant positive growth trend. In 2024, the GRDP value of this subsector at the provincial level reached IDR 4,616.76 billion, with strategic areas such as Bandar Lampung City confirming the accommodation sector as a base sector (LQ > 1) with a high competitive advantage. The integration of a creative economy based on local wisdom, such as the use of Tapis cloth and digital marketing, has been proven to increase the attractiveness of destinations, capable of driving the volume of domestic tourist trips to reach 17.87 million trips by 2024. This finding confirms that Lampung's tourism sector is not only a regional economic driver, but also makes a substantial contribution to national income through a multiplier effect on job creation and increasing domestic foreign exchange. Optimizing collaboration between policymakers and accelerating infrastructure development are key to strengthening the strategic position of Lampung tourism in the future.

This study aims to analyze the marketing strategies of maternal and child healthcare services in hospitals to enhance patient experience, emphasizing a shift from traditional promotional approaches toward the creation of a positive and empathetic patient experience. This research employs a systematic literature review of relevant studies published between 2021 and 2025, with analysis conducted through identification, selection, and thematic synthesis to determine key factors influencing patient satisfaction and loyalty. The findings indicate that the quality of interpersonal interactions and the efficiency of service processes are the primary determinants of patient experience, where factors such as staff empathy, clear communication, reduced waiting times, and well-structured service flows have a greater impact than the technical aspects of medical care. Hospitals should therefore prioritize people- and process-oriented strategies by implementing empathy training, enhancing communication effectiveness, and regularly measuring patient satisfaction, while also integrating digital services, ensuring cost transparency, and developing continuity of care programs to strengthen the patient experience holistically. This study proposes a holistic marketing framework that integrates empathy, efficiency, data-driven personalization, and environmental sustainability, highlighting a shift from a purely clinical orientation to an experiential marketing approach that places human values at the core of a hospital’s competitive advantage.

The tempe chip industry in Sanan Village, Malang City, represents a culturally embedded small and medium enterprise (SME) cluster that has contributed to the local economy for decades. However, intensifying intra-cluster competition, soybean price volatility, and shifting consumer behavior have placed increasing pressure on the competitiveness of businesses in this area. This study aims to analyze the marketing strategy implemented by Keripik Tempe Dua Karunia — one of the pioneering enterprises in Sanan Village that has been operating since 1980 — and to identify the marketing strategy factors that contribute to enhancing its competitive advantage. A qualitative descriptive approach was employed through field observation, in-depth interviews with the business owner, and documentation analysis. The analysis is grounded in the 4P marketing mix framework — Product, Price, Place, and Promotion. The findings reveal that Dua Karunia builds its competitiveness through four strategic pillars: (1) product differentiation through multi-flavor diversification and consumer-driven customization; (2) cost-based pricing that is adaptively managed through shrinkflation tactics in response to raw material price fluctuations; (3) multi-channel distribution that integrates direct outlet sales with digital platforms (Shopee and WhatsApp); and (4) long-established word-of-mouth reputation-based promotion reinforced by active e-commerce presence. This study concludes that the consistent integration of all four marketing mix elements, supported by family-based operational flexibility and the cultural heritage value embedded in the product, constitutes the primary source of sustained competitive advantage for Dua Karunia amid increasingly intense cluster competition. These findings carry practical implications for similar SMEs seeking to design adaptive, competitiveness-oriented marketing strategies.

Independent plantations are a favorite in the Jambi Regional economy, as they are a source of economic growth, employment, exports, and foreign exchange for the region. Despite their relatively low productivity, oil palm plantations in Jambi Province have a major competitive advantage compared to other commodities. This study aims to describe, analyze competitiveness, analyze policy impacts, and conduct sensitivity tests on independent oil palm plantations. The research location was in Merlung District, selecting three sample villages: Tanjung Paku Village, Merlung Village, and Lubuk Terap Village purposively, with a total sample of 43 farmers. The data analysis method used the (PAM) method. The results of the analysis show that independent farmers still have relatively low productivity. The DRCR value is 0.379 (<1) and the PCR value is 0.368 (<1) which indicates savings in the use of domestic resources by 37.9% and 36.8%. These results indicate a comparative and competitive advantage. The divergence impact shows a negative impact, meaning that government policies are not distorted properly, as indicated by an NPCI value of 1.18 (> 1) and an NPCO value of 0.87 (< 1). Sensitivity tests show that independent oil palm plantations still have competitiveness (< 1), despite experiencing policy distortions such as input price increases (11% and 25%) and a decrease in FFB prices (45%).  

The café industry has become increasingly competitive, including in the Arcamanik District of Bandung City. This study seeks to investigate the extent to which marketing intelligence capabilities influence the competitiveness of café MSMEs in the region. A descriptive and verificative research approach was employed, utilizing linear regression analysis with the assistance of SPSS version 20 software. The study population consisted of 43 café MSME entrepreneurs, selected through a saturated sampling technique, thereby including all members of the population. Data were collected through field studies—comprising questionnaires, interviews, and direct observations—as well as literature reviews to strengthenthe theoretical framework. The results demonstrate that marketing intelligence capabilities have a significant effect on competitiveness. This finding highlights the critical role of marketing intelligence in enabling café MSMEs to sustain their operations and enhance their competitive advantage. Strengthening marketing intelligence can serve as an effective strategic approach for café MSMEs to ensure business sustainability and improve competitiveness. The study suggests that future research may incorporate moderating variables such as digitalization or service quality to further explore the dynamics between marketing intelligence and competitiveness.

The café industry has become increasingly competitive, including in the Arcamanik District of Bandung City. This study seeks to investigate the extent to which marketing intelligence capabilities influence the competitiveness of café MSMEs in the region. A descriptive and verificative research approach was employed, utilizing linear regression analysis with the assistance of SPSS version 20 software. The study population consisted of 43 café MSME entrepreneurs, selected through a saturated sampling technique, thereby including all members of the population. Data were collected through field studies—comprising questionnaires, interviews, and direct observations—as well as literature reviews to strengthenthe theoretical framework. The results demonstrate that marketing intelligence capabilities have a significant effect on competitiveness. This finding highlights the critical role of marketing intelligence in enabling café MSMEs to sustain their operations and enhance their competitive advantage. Strengthening marketing intelligence can serve as an effective strategic approach for café MSMEs to ensure business sustainability and improve competitiveness. The study suggests that future research may incorporate moderating variables such as digitalization or service quality to further explore the dynamics between marketing intelligence and competitiveness.

In the era of globalization and intensifying market competition, strategic management has become a crucial instrument for organizations to maintain a competitive advantage. This study aims to comprehensively examine the role of strategic management in improving organizational performance based on previous research findings. The method used is a literature review with a qualitative-descriptive approach through the collection, evaluation, and synthesis of scientific articles from reputable national and international journals published between 2021 and 2026. The research findings indicate that the stages of strategic management, including strategy formulation, implementation, and evaluation, contribute significantly to improving organizational performance in both financial and non-financial aspects. Determinant factors such as strategic leadership, resource mobilization, and organizational culture alignment are proven to strengthen organizational effectiveness in facing environmental uncertainty. Furthermore, strategic management plays a vital role in building organizational resilience to adapt to dynamic external changes. The implications of this study emphasize the importance for managers and organizational leaders to implement strategic management practices consistently and integratedly to ensure long-term survival and success. The results of this literature synthesis provide a theoretical framework for practitioners in optimizing organizational strategic capabilities amidst complex global challenges.

In the era of globalization and intensifying market competition, strategic management has become a crucial instrument for organizations to maintain a competitive advantage. This study aims to comprehensively examine the role of strategic management in improving organizational performance based on previous research findings. The method used is a literature review with a qualitative-descriptive approach through the collection, evaluation, and synthesis of scientific articles from reputable national and international journals published between 2021 and 2026. The research findings indicate that the stages of strategic management, including strategy formulation, implementation, and evaluation, contribute significantly to improving organizational performance in both financial and non-financial aspects. Determinant factors such as strategic leadership, resource mobilization, and organizational culture alignment are proven to strengthen organizational effectiveness in facing environmental uncertainty. Furthermore, strategic management plays a vital role in building organizational resilience to adapt to dynamic external changes. The implications of this study emphasize the importance for managers and organizational leaders to implement strategic management practices consistently and integratedly to ensure long-term survival and success. The results of this literature synthesis provide a theoretical framework for practitioners in optimizing organizational strategic capabilities amidst complex global challenges.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of human resource management (HRM) audits in motivating employee performance at CV Cipta Alignment Constructions (CV.CLC). HRM audits serve as an evaluative and strategic tool in assessing the effectiveness of personnel functions such as recruitment, training, career development, and reward systems. The study used a qualitative approach with a case study method through interviews, observation, and documentation. The results show that HRM audits have a positive effect on employee motivation and performance by increasing work morale, placing employees according to competencies, and reducing turnover. Based on Resource-Based Theory (Barney, 1991), HRM audits are valuable and difficult-to-imitate strategic resources, thus supporting a company's competitive advantage. These findings emphasize the importance of implementing HRM audits continuously as part of a management strategy to improve organizational effectiveness. The implications of this study provide recommendations for companies to integrate HRM audits into strategic planning to achieve optimal and sustainable performance. In addition, this study also opens opportunities for further studies to strengthen the implementation of HRM audits in different sectors and company scales.

The development of digital technology and the Industrial Revolution 4.0 have driven significant changes in marketing activities, including for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). The use of e-commerce has become an important digital marketing strategy for MSMEs to increase competitiveness and business revenue. This study aims to examine the role of e-commerce implementation as a digital marketing tool for MSMEs in facing the Industrial Revolution 4.0 and analyze its impact on increasing MSME revenue and competitive advantage. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive approach with data collection techniques through literature studies of various literature sources such as books, scientific journals, and online publications relevant to the research topic. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of e-commerce has a positive impact on MSMEs, including expanding market reach, increasing marketing efficiency, and driving increased business revenue. In addition, e-commerce also plays a role in increasing MSME competitive advantage through product innovation, improving service quality, and strengthening relationships with consumers. However, the implementation of e-commerce in MSMEs still faces several challenges, such as low digital literacy, limited human resources, and minimal technical assistance. Therefore, ongoing support from various parties is needed so that the use of e-commerce by MSMEs can run optimally and sustainably in the digital era.

This study aims to analyze the influence of service quality, product quality, and price on customer loyalty at the online shop Patricia Aksesoris. This research is motivated by the increasingly fierce competition in the e-commerce business, which requires businesses to not only attract new customers but also retain existing ones by increasing loyalty. Customer loyalty is a crucial factor because it directly impacts business sustainability and competitive advantage. This study used a quantitative approach with a survey method, distributing questionnaires to customers who had previously purchased from Patricia Aksesoris. The sampling technique used purposive sampling. The collected data were analyzed using multiple linear regression to determine the effect of each independent variable on customer loyalty. The results indicate that service quality, product quality, and price, both partially and simultaneously, have a positive and significant effect on customer loyalty. These findings indicate that responsive and friendly service, products that meet customer expectations, and competitive pricing commensurate with product quality can increase customer loyalty. This research is expected to provide practical contributions to online shop owners in formulating marketing strategies oriented towards customer satisfaction and loyalty.

In the era of globalization and digital transformation, organizations strive to maintain competitiveness through optimizing internal factors such as work culture, business process engineering (BPR), and decision support systems (DSS). This qualitative research based on a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) analyzes the relationship between these three using the Denison Organizational Culture Model, Hammer & Champy BPR, and the Resource-Based View (RBV). It finds that work culture mediates the implementation of BPR and DSS to increase efficiency by 30-50%, employee productivity, and sustainable competitive advantage. Case studies such as the Toyota Production System (TPS) confirm this synergy, resulting in reduced costs, cycle times, and improved service quality. This research also emphasizes the importance of a strong work culture in supporting the implementation of new technologies and methodologies, which in turn strengthens the company's market position. Thus, organizations that are able to integrate these three elements will be better prepared to face the challenges of globalization and dynamic changes in their industry, creating a sustainable advantage and being able to survive in a highly competitive market.

This study explores the roles of innovation and perseverance as critical success factors for young entrepreneurs in the fried chicken business through an in-depth case study of Fried Chicken Smile, located in Medan Tembung Subdistrict. The research focuses on how young entrepreneurs are able to survive and grow in a highly competitive culinary market dominated by global brands such as KFC. Using a qualitative research approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews with business owners and employees, direct field observations, and documentation analysis. The study is supported by several theoretical perspectives, including Grit Theory, which emphasizes perseverance and passion for long-term goals; Entrepreneurial Behavior Theory, which explains proactive and adaptive business behavior; and Schumpeter’s Innovation Theory, which highlights innovation as a driver of competitive advantage. The findings indicate that business success is influenced by continuous product innovation, particularly through adapting menu flavors to local tastes, maintaining consistent operational quality, and implementing effective digital marketing strategies via social media platforms. In addition, strong social support from family, peers, and local communities plays a significant role in sustaining entrepreneurial motivation. Overall, the study demonstrates that the combination of innovation, persistence, and social capital enhances competitiveness and supports the growth of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs). These findings provide valuable insights for the development of young entrepreneurship in Indonesia’s dynamic culinary sector.

This study aims to examine the influence of product innovation, digital marketing, and business networking on the competitiveness of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), with customer engagement positioned as a mediating variable. Employing a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach, thirty Scopus-indexed articles published between 2020 and 2025 were analysed to synthesise theoretical and empirical insights related to SME competitiveness in contemporary digital and urban business environments. The findings indicate that product innovation, digital marketing, and business networking each play a significant role in strengthening SME competitiveness, particularly within markets characterised by rapid technological change. Customer engagement emerges as a critical mediating mechanism that connects these strategic variables to sustainable competitive advantage. It enhances the impact of innovative and digital strategies by fostering stronger emotional, behavioural, and participative interactions between SMEs and their customers. The review also highlights that SMEs adopting integrated digital management practices, such as the utilisation of human-resource information systems (HRIS) and data-driven decision-making tend to demonstrate greater adaptability, market responsiveness, and long-term performance. The study contributes theoretically by integrating resource-based and dynamic capability perspectives, offering a holistic understanding of how digital and relational capabilities interact to elevate competitiveness. Practically, the findings provide strategic guidance for policymakers, SME managers, and practitioners in designing innovation-oriented and digitally enabled initiatives that support sustainable SME growth in the digital era.