Publication Search

Regional government financial performance is a strategic indicator for assessing the success of regional autonomy implementation, particularly in managing public finances in an effective, efficient, transparent, and accountable manner. This study aims to analyze the financial performance of the Government of West Nusa Tenggara Province (NTB) during the 2018–2022 period using a regional financial ratio analysis approach. The research employs a descriptive quantitative method utilizing secondary data obtained from the Budget Realization Reports (LRA) and the Regional Government Financial Statements (LKPD) that have been audited by the Audit Board of the Republic of Indonesia (BPK). The analysis is conducted by calculating regional financial ratios, including the financial independence ratio, the effectiveness ratio of Regional Original Revenue (PAD), the efficiency ratio of regional finances, the activity ratio (expenditure harmony), and the revenue growth ratio. The results indicate that the financial performance of the Government of West Nusa Tenggara Province has generally improved. The regional financial independence ratio falls within the participatory category with an average value of 57.81%, reflecting a gradual reduction in dependence on central government transfer revenues, particularly in 2022. The effectiveness ratio of PAD is categorized as moderately effective, with an average of 92.84%, although it fluctuates due to increases in revenue targets that were not fully matched by actual revenue realization. The regional financial efficiency ratio consistently remains in the efficient category, indicating the local government’s ability to control expenditures relative to revenues. Furthermore, the activity ratio analysis shows a shift in expenditure composition from operating expenditure toward capital expenditure, indicating an increased orientation toward development and long-term investment. The growth ratio reveals a significant increase in PAD in 2022, accompanied by a decline in transfer revenue growth.

This study aims to measure the financial performance of the Government of West Java Province during the 2020–2024 period based on the analysis of the audited Budget Realization Reports. The research uses a descriptive quantitative approach with secondary data obtained from the Regional Financial Statements. Financial performance is measured through several ratios, namely the effectiveness ratio of Regional Original Revenue, regional financial efficiency ratio, regional financial independence ratio, and expenditure harmony ratio. The results show that the effectiveness of Regional Original Revenue fluctuated, with effective performance only in 2022 and 2024, while in other years it was categorized as ineffective. The efficiency ratio also indicated inconsistency, where inefficiency occurred in 2020, 2021, and 2023, and efficiency was achieved in 2022 and 2024. The regional financial independence ratio showed a relatively high level, reflecting low dependence on central government transfers, although there was a slight decline in 2023–2024. The expenditure harmony ratio indicated that budget allocation was still dominated by operational expenditure compared to capital expenditure. The findings imply the need for improving revenue optimization and more balanced expenditure allocation to support sustainable regional development.

This study aims to analyze the transformative impact of digitalization and technology in the manufacturing sector on improving operational efficiency, particularly in budgeting and resource utilization, as well as to identify the main barriers to technology adoption. Using a Literature Review and Case Study Analysis of secondary data (journals, company reports, and industry publications), it was found that digitalization and Automation supported by Artificial Intelligence (AI) fundamentally transform budgeting functions. This transformation has been shown to improve budget accuracy by up to 50% (reducing human errors) and process efficiency by up to 25%, turning budgets from static documents into adaptive and predictive control tools. Positive impacts are also observed in operations through increased production capacity (revenue surge) and the implementation of Predictive Maintenance, which reduces expenditure and asset downtime, in line with the principles Cost Efficiency and Lean Manufacturing. Nevertheless, the adoption of advanced technology faces significant obstacles, namely high initial capital investment and skill gaps among the workforce. It is concluded that the success of digitalization heavily depends on strategic budget planning to overcome capital barriers and adequate allocation of funds for Human Resource (HR) training to support effective collaboration between humans and machines.

The Community Service (PkM) activity aimed to enhance the capacity of civil society to conduct effective public oversight of the East Lombok Regency Regional Revenue and Expenditure Budget (APBD) for fiscal year 2025. The “Budget School” program, organized by the Pimpinan Daerah Pemuda Muhammadiyah in collaboration with the Indonesian Forum for Budget Transparency (FITRA) NTB and ITSKes Muhammadiyah Selong, provided participants with a comprehensive and critical analysis of the regional budget structure and allocation patterns. The key findings highlighted notable fiscal inefficiencies, particularly the disproportionately high allocation for Employee Spending (Belanja Pegawai), which indicates an urgent need for budget reallocation toward increasing Capital Expenditure (Belanja Modal). Such realignment is essential to accelerate infrastructure development, enhance public service delivery, and ensure broader socio-economic benefits for the community. The event, conducted on September 25, 2025, successfully improved fiscal literacy among youth and civil society actors by strengthening their understanding of fiscal governance and legal oversight mechanisms. Overall, the activity fostered collective awareness and encouraged active participation in promoting sustainable, transparent, and efficient regional financial management.

This research is motivated by several factors such as locally generated revenue, general allocation funds, special allocation funds, revenue-sharing funds, and capital expenditure. Some of the problems identified in this study include the realization of locally generated revenue that has never reached the budget target over four consecutive years, a percentage decrease in locally generated revenue while capital expenditure remains constant, and the absence of certain special allocation funds, which may affect capital expenditure. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of locally generated revenue, general allocation funds, special allocation funds, and revenue-sharing funds on capital expenditure. This research employs a descriptive quantitative method using data samples obtained from the Regional Financial and Asset Management Agency of Aceh Province in the form of Budget Realization Reports for the period 2019–2022. The data analysis technique used is linear regression. The results show that, based on the simultaneous test (F-test), locally generated revenue, general allocation funds, special allocation funds, and revenue-sharing funds have a positive and significant effect on capital expenditure. Meanwhile, based on the partial test (t-test), each of these variables—locally generated revenue, general allocation funds, special allocation funds, and revenue-sharing funds—also has a positive and significant effect on capital expenditure.

The economy of West Sumatra Province has shown a significant decline in recent years, with the lowest growth rate on the entire island of Sumatra. This study aims to examine the influence of capital expenditure, unemployment, and the Human Development Index on economic growth in this region between 2014 and 2024. Using multiple linear regression and data sourced from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) and the Directorate General of Fiscal Balance, the analysis shows that capital expenditure and unemployment have a significant negative impact on economic growth, while the Human Development Index (HDI) has no significant impact. Although capital expenditure varies, the decline in unemployment indicates a change in labor market conditions. This information indicates that government efforts to increase spending on infrastructure and public services are still ineffective in driving growth. Therefore, it is recommended that the government prioritize budget allocations in productive sectors such as infrastructure, tourism, and MSME development to help small businesses grow and advance through training, capital support, and technology implementation to ensure competitiveness and sustainability. Therefore, this study is expected to provide deeper insight into the elements that influence economic growth in West Sumatra and serve as a guide for further, more comprehensive research.  

North Kalimantan Province as one of the regions is required to prioritize capital expenditure to support community economic activities. The Budget Realization Report (LRA) as a form of government accountability in managing finances shows priorities on government operational expenditures. The purpose of this study is to examine the financial performance of the Regional Government of North Kalimantan Province for Fiscal Year 2018 – 2022 using 5 data analysis tools consisting of: 1) Regional Financial Independence Ratio, 2) Growth Ratio, 3) Regional Original Revenue Effectiveness Ratio, 4) Regional Financial Efficiency Ratio, and 5) Compatibility Ratio. This research includes quantitative research with a descriptive approach derived from secondary data, namely the North Kalimantan Provincial Government Budget Realization Report 2018 – 2022. The results of the study using the ratio of regional financial independence showed the value of independence classified as consultancy

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of local revenue, capital expenditure and employee expenditure on the level of financial independence of districts / cities in East Java Province in the period 2020-2023. The research was conducted using a quantitative approach using secondary data in the form of regional revenue and expenditure budget realization reports obtained through the official website of the Directorate General of Fiscal Balance. A total of 38 districts / cities in East Java Province in 2020-2023 were selected as the population in this study. Saturated sampling was used as a sampling method, so that a sample of 152 samples was obtained. The results showed that local revenue and regional employee expenditure partially had a significant effect on the level of regional financial independence, while capital expenditure had no significant effect on the level of regional financial independence. Meanwhile, local revenue, capital expenditure, and employee expenditure together have a significant effect on the level of regional financial independence    

The purpose of this study was to examine how capital expenditure in district and city governments in East Java during 2017-2013 was influenced by local own-source revenues, balancing funds, budget surplus financing, and special allocation funds. This research was conducted quantitatively using secondary data from the official website of DJPK, namely the APBD of each district or city in East Java. Purposive sampling was used in the IBM SPSS 25 software analysis tool for sampling. The partial test results (t test) show that capital expenditure is significantly influenced by local own-source revenue, balancing funds, SiLPA, and special allocation funds. Simultaneous test results (f test) show that capital expenditure is significantly influenced by Budget Financing Surplus, Balancing Funds, Regional Original Revenue, and Special Allocation Funds.    

Economic growth in Aceh Province is an important issue that shows regional development through the increase in goods and services produced. Based on data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS), Aceh's economic growth only reached an average of 3.88% in 2018, far below the national average of 5.01%, which reflects challenges in resource utilization. Inflation in Aceh has experienced significant fluctuations between 1.53% and 8.09% from 2019 to 2023, which has the potential to hinder economic growth. Government expenditure also plays a crucial role in driving growth, where during the 2019-2023 period, the average development budget reached Rp 12.96 trillion, but the budget realization was only around Rp 12.29 trillion. This shows that despite large expenditures, the impact on economic growth has not been significant. In the theory of economic growth, there are various views on the factors that affect growth. Classical theory emphasizes the role of capital, labor, and technology, while Schumpeter's theory highlights innovation as the main key to growth. Inflation can serve as a barrier or driver, depending on economic conditions, while government spending is expected to stimulate economic growth through an increase in aggregate demand. This study uses inferential statistics to analyze the influence of inflation and government spending on Aceh's economic growth during the 2015-2023 period. The results of the analysis show that government spending has a positive and significant influence on economic growth, while inflation does not show a significant influence.

This study analyses the influence of fiscal capacity on capital expenditure in Aceh Province over the period 2007-2023 by collecting data from the BPS website of Aceh Province. Using multiple linear regression method, this study found that Local Own Revenue (PAD), Revenue Sharing Fund (DBH), and Special Allocation Fund (DAK) have a positive and significant influence on capital expenditure. The results of the analysis show that every 1 unit increase in PAD, DBH, and DAK respectively increases capital expenditure by 234.0927 units, 57.51575 units, and 25.09292 units. This finding indicates that stronger fiscal capacity allows local governments to allocate more budget for infrastructure and investment projects, which support economic development and community welfare. Increased personnel expenditure was also found to have a significant positive impact on capital expenditure, indicating the importance of investment in human resources to support the efficiency and effectiveness of managing development projects. These results support the Human Capital and Administrative Efficiency theories, which assert that competent and efficient human resources increase productivity in budget management

Corruption in the public sector remains a major obstacle to regional development, threatening the effectiveness of financial management and public services. Gaps in financial supervision and management that are not transparent are the cause of fraud in the use of the budget. The agency theory states that corruption is caused by a conflict of interest between the community as the principal and the government as an agent, with the external auditor as a supervisor to prevent irregularities. The focus of this research is to find out the relationship between corruption in local governments and capital expenditure, local own revenue, audit opinions, and audit findings. This study uses quantitative methods and uses secondary data. The sample consistSed of 250 local governments (districts/cities/provinces) in Indonesia during 2020-2022. The analyst method uses SPSS 27 with multiple linear regression method. The test results showed that capital expenditure had no effect on corruption, local own revenue and audit findings had a positive effect on corruption, and audit opinions had nothing to do with corruption in local governments.

This research aims to analyze the financial performance of the regional government of Tebing Tinggi City using the degree of fiscal decentralization ratio, regional financial independence ratio, regional financial dependency ratio, PAD effectiveness ratio, regional financial efficiency ratio, harmony ratio and growth ratio. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach method. Data collection techniques include interviews and documentation obtained from budget realization reports. Based on the results of the financial ratio analysis, it shows that the degree of fiscal decentralization ratio is categorized as deficient with a range of 11.98%-15.89%. The regional financial independence ratio is classified as very low with a range of 14.32%-19.55% with an instructive relationship pattern. The regional financial dependency ratio is categorized as very high with a range of 78.91%-83.64%, where the percentage is more than 50%. The PAD effectiveness ratio is categorized as less effective in 2019, 2020 and 2022 with a range of 80.75%-88.35%. However, in 2018 it was categorized as very effective because it was more than 100%, namely 108.02%. Meanwhile, in 2021 it is categorized as ineffective because it is less than 75%, namely 70.05%. The regional financial efficiency ratio is categorized as less efficient in 2019-2021 with a range of 96.61%-99.10%. However, in 2018 and 2022 it is categorized as inefficient because it is more than 100%, namely 103.92% and 102.61%. The harmony ratio shows that the City of Tebing Tinggi prioritizes its funds towards operating expenditure with an average operating expenditure of 76.05% and a capital expenditure ratio of 23.45%. The growth ratio of PAD, regional income, operating expenditure and capital expenditure experienced positive and negative growth in the 5 budget years.

Abstract One of the government organizations tasked with managing affairs in its operational area in order to protect, be responsive, resolve, and rescue protected from fire is the Padangsidimpuan City Fire and Rescue Service. Performance is a term used to describe how well the implementation efforts in fulfilling the vision and mission of the organization. This research is in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the expenditure budget, namely from 2018 to 2022. The purpose of this budget capability evaluation is to assess the absorption of expenditure during the budget period. This study used a qualitative methodology combined with quantitative data collection and documentation methods. Descriptive analysis methods were used using efficiency ratios, expenditure growth analysis, operating expenditure and capital expenditure compatibility analysis, expenditure variance analysis. Based on the results of research using expenditure variance analysis, budget performance can be said to be good because there are no expenditures that exceed the budget. Analysis of expenditure growth between 2018-2022 shows positive growth. The findings of the expenditure conformity analysis show that operational costs use more of the expenditure budget than capital expenditure. In addition, with an average of 92.05%, the efficiency ratio of budget realization indicates that the use of the 2018-2022 budget is less efficient.

Sharia financing instruments are experiencing development, one of the products being national sharia securities (SBSN) or sukuk in order to optimize the state revenue and expenditure budget (APBN). There needs to be a supporting professional responsibility, namely a notary. In issuing SBSN, there is a big risk because it involves a large amount of funds, many parties. , and national wealth. The notary is responsible for making an authentic deed that contains a guarantee of security for the parties. This research aims to determine the legal aspects and responsibilities of the notary profession regarding the issuance of SBSN. The research method uses normative juridical research with a statutory research approach. The results of this research show that SBSN is very useful for obtaining APBN infrastructure financing. State sharia securities (SBSN) or sukuk contain legal aspects that are complete enough to guarantee legal certainty. The legal aspects start from the formation of laws, government regulations, DSN-MUI fatwas, and other regulations. The responsibility of the notary profession in issuing SBSN is not directly involved. Notaries in issuing SBSN are responsible for making authentic deeds, especially contracts to ensure they are in accordance with sharia-based rules, providing legal counseling for the parties as a neutral party, legalizing private documents, and being a witness to the notarized agreement for the issuance of SBSN. has been registered with the OJK as a notary in charge of capital markets.

This research aims to analyze the influence of Regional Original Income (PAD), Special Allocation Funds (DAK), and General Allocation Funds (DAU) on the allocation of capital expenditure budgets on the island of Java. Capital expenditure is an important component in regional budgets that contributes directly to infrastructure development and improving public services. This study uses panel data from districts/cities on Java Island during the 2015-2020 period. The analytical method used is panel data regression with a fixed effects model (FEM) approach to identify the influence of independent variables on the dependent variable. The research results show that PAD has a positive and significant influence on capital expenditure. This indicates that regions with higher PAD tend to allocate more budget for capital expenditure. Meanwhile, DAK also has a positive and significant effect on capital expenditure, which shows that funds specifically allocated by the central government have succeeded in increasing investment in fixed assets in the regions. On the other hand, DAU was found to have a negative but insignificant effect on capital expenditure, indicating that general funds received from the central government did not directly encourage an increase in capital expenditure. This research provides important implications for regional policy makers in increasing PAD and utilizing transfer funds from the central government more effectively to accelerate the development of infrastructure and public services. Apart from that, the results of this research can also be a reference for further research in the field of regional finance and public budget management.  

With regard to the ratio of fiscal decentralization, effectiveness of PAD, regional financial efficiency, and compatibility of regional spending, this study intends to analyze the regional financial performance of Magelang Regency. This study examines the financial position of the Magelang Regency Government from 2018 to 2022 using quantitative descriptive analysis. According to the decentralization degree ratio analysis, the Magelang Regency Government Budget generates high revenue figures, with an average decentralization rate of 97.50% between 2018 and 2022. According to the variance analysis, the expenditure performance of the Magelang district government in general can control the budget, so that it can achieve an average surplus of Rp. 755,037,801,786.6 (remaining after budget calculation) between 2018 and 2022. According to the variance analysis, the expenditure performance of the Magelang district government in general can control the budget, so that it can achieve an average surplus of Rp. 755,037,801,786.6 (remaining after budget calculation) between 2018 and 2022. The Magelang Regency Government spent 93.09% of its total budget on direct expenditures in 2018–2022, while only 1.39% was allocated for indirect expenditures. Based on the analysis of expenditure efficiency, the efficiency level of the Magelang Regency Government for the 2018–2022 fiscal year can be assessed as efficient, with an average of 98.85%. Annual operating expenses for the short term are still prioritized by the Magelang Regency Government over capital expenditure for long-term growth in its regional budget.

This research is a qualitative descriptive study with data collection using documentation techniques and the data used is in the form of Realization Reports of the Regional Revenue and Expenditure Budget of the North Kalimantan Provincial Government. Furthermore, this data is analyzed using financial ratios, namely the growth ratio and compatibility ratio. The results of the study show that there has been an increase in regional spending by the North Kalimantan Provincial Government and the calculation of the compatibility ratio shows that the Regional Government of North Kalimantan Province for the 2020 and 2021 Fiscal Years in allocating their funds for activities prioritizes operational spending, namely 72.19% and 80.35% the comparison is much greater with capital expenditure which is only 27.80% and 19.06%.

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of Economic Growth and General Allocation Fund on the Capital Expenditure Budget in part and simultaneously from districts/cities in West Sumatra Province for the 2018 – 2021 period. The data used are secondary data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) of West Sumatra, quantitative collection data methods and analysis techniques used are panel data regression. Before that, a classical assumption test was carried out to find out a good model in statistics, then a hypothesis test was carried out using the t test and the f test. The research showed some of the influence of Economic Growth (X1) and the General Allocation Fund (x2) on the Capital Expenditure Budget (Y). The result found is that Economic Growth (X1) has not had a positive effect on the Capital Expenditure Budget (Y) while the General Allocation Fund (X2) has a positive effect on the Capital Expenditure Budget (Y).

This study aims to re-examine previous research between independent variables, namely local revenue and capital expenditure on financial independence. The object in this study is Financial Independence and the subject of this research is the Regional Government of West Sumatra Province for 2019-2021. The population in this study is the report on the realization of the budget revenues, capital expenditures and regional revenues of the Regional Government of West Sumatra Province. The type of data in this study uses a quantitative approach. The data source used is secondary data, namely data collected from existing records. This study took research samples using sensu techniques or saturated samples. The sample used in this study is the report on the realization of the APBD (Regional Revenue and Expenditure Budget) of the Regency/City Regional Government of West Sumatra Province which has been audited by the BPK with a total of 19 samples. The results of this study indicate that Regional Original Income has a positive effect on regional financial independence. Meanwhile, capital expenditure has a negative effect on regional financial independence.