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The global economic crisis has prompted developing countries, including the BRICS group (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa), to strengthen cooperation in creating a multipolar economic order as a form of resistance to Western domination. Mass media plays a crucial role in framing this dynamic. This study aims to examine how The Jakarta Post constructs the BRICS narrative through three main dimensions in Vincent Mosco's Political Economy of Communication theory: commodification, spatialization, and structuring. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collection techniques in the form of documentation and analysis of news published in The Jakarta Post between June 18, 2024, and January 31, 2025. Data were categorized based on the type of information and main themes, then analyzed using Mosco's theoretical concepts. The results show that the commodification process occurs when geopolitical issues, such as Indonesia's opportunity to join BRICS, are transformed into media commodities appealing to elite readers and strategic economic actors. This practice also involves the contribution of experts, but often without equitable compensation. Spatialization is reflected in the real-time distribution of digital content that transcends geographical and temporal boundaries, strengthening the penetration of BRICS discourse into the international public sphere. Structuralization emerges in the narrative of building a new world order through BRICS agendas such as dedollarization, technological integration, and alternative payment systems, although it remains overshadowed by the dominance of Western financial institutions. Thus, media coverage not only represents geopolitical dynamics but also transforms strategic issues into information products with economic value, while revealing the tension between the aspirations of developing countries and established global hegemony.

The early rise of the national movement in Indonesia was marked by the establishment of Budi Utomo on May 20, 1908, and the expansion of Sarekat Islam as a broader socio-political movement. Budi Utomo, focusing on education and the welfare of indigenous people, pioneered national awareness among the Javanese intellectual elite. Meanwhile, Sarekat Islam, initially a trade organization, successfully attracted various social groups and expanded the national struggle into economic and social justice domains. Despite their different approaches, both organizations played a crucial role in fostering national consciousness, inspiring the emergence of other nationalist movements. The synergy between intellectual and socio-economic movements became a vital foundation in Indonesia’s struggle for independence.

The purpose of this community service is to assist students in introducing various traditional games and preserving traditional games during their teaching practice in schools. Through sports students, it is hoped that various traditional games can be introduced during teaching practice in schools. One example is the dam-dam game, which is expected to reduce children's tendency to play online games and enhance their creativity by utilizing readily available materials. This community service activity is motivated by several issues, namely (1) the lack of students' knowledge about traditional games and (2) the tendency of students to spend more time playing online games, which impacts their social interactions. For example, students often tend to be more focused on their gadgets when being spoken to. This activity is conducted at the University of Insan Budi Utomo Malang in the city of Malang. The process of implementing this community service activity includes (1) problem identification; (2) needs analysis; (3) design and mentoring; (4) implementation of guidance; (5) monitoring and evaluation of activity results; and (6) reporting and follow-up. Lectures, demonstrations, and training are the methods of this community service. Based on the questionnaire given to 30 participants, 20 people stated that the activity was good, and 10 others stated that it was very good.

The need for adequate parking space is one of the main challenges for the Muhammadiyah University Magelang Campus along with the increasing number of student and staff vehicles. The current parking facilities are not able to accommodate the volume of vehicles, especially on days with high campus activity. This condition demands an effective parking management solution to optimize the use of available land and meet future parking needs. This research aims to analyze the management of parking space requirements on the Muhammadiyah University Magelang Campus as an alternative in handling parking facilities. This study uses systematic research methods, starting from reviewing previous research, problem identification, surveys, data collection from written references, to data processing and drawing conclusions. The analysis results show that the need for vehicle parking spaces on campus is greatest on Wednesdays, with a total requirement of 1,293 SRP, while the currently available parking capacity is only 839 SRP. This indicates that the existing parking capacity is not sufficient for the needs of vehicles parked on campus. Projections for the next five years show the need for parking spaces of 1,600 SRP in 2025, 1,468 SRP in 2026, 1,462 SRP in 2027, 1,383 SRP in 2028, and 1,348 SRP in 2029. Based on these data, it can be concluded that this will happen parking shortage on campus in the next five years. As a solution, this research recommends increasing parking capacity through the construction of new parking lots by increasing the number of parking floors on campus. In particular, it is planned to build a multi-storey parking building for motorbikes and additional parking spaces for cars with a more effective and efficient 60° angle parking pattern.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of the demonstration teaching method in improving the learning outcomes of Islamic Religious Education (IRE) for eighth-grade students at SMP Budi Utomo, Srono. The demonstration teaching method was chosen because it provides students with direct experience, allowing them to understand the material more clearly and practically. This research employs a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data were collected through observations, interviews, and documentation, and were then analyzed by systematically describing the findings based on facts and phenomena observed in the field. The results of the study show that the implementation of the demonstration teaching method was carried out through three main stages: planning, implementation, and evaluation. During the planning stage, the teacher prepares relevant materials and teaching aids for the topic being taught. The implementation stage involves using visual media and teaching aids to clarify the explanation of the material, while engaging students in the demonstration activities directly. In the evaluation stage, the teacher provides feedback to assess the students' understanding of the material taught. The application of the demonstration method has a positive impact on the students' learning outcomes. The study shows that students experienced an increase in their understanding of IRE material, greater enthusiasm for learning, and improved responsiveness to issues in their surrounding environment. Additionally, group learning activities during the teaching process strengthened communication skills among students. Therefore, this method proves to be effective in enhancing the quality of classroom learning.

Tofu has become one of the most popular foods among the people of Indonesia. This encourages the existence of a growing tofu manufacturing industry. However, the growth of this industry also results in a lot of waste being generated. If the waste is not treated properly, it can cause pollution because it contains very high BOD and COD levels. One of the ways that researchers do is by utilizing local probiotic bacteria to help reduce BOD and COD levels. Data analysis in this study is in the form of statistical analysis, where statistical data will be presented with graph/diagram methods that show the results of differences in BOD and COD values in Tofu Industry Wastewater before and after treatment. Based on the results of the study, there was a significant decrease in BOD and COD levels due to the addition of local probiotic bacteria. The efficiency of the largest decrease in BOD levels was 79.88% in the sample variation with a probiotic content of 75% when the incubation time interval was 32 hours. Meanwhile, the largest decrease in COD levels also occurred in the same sample variation with an efficiency of 74.76%.    

Indonesia, known for its diverse traditions and cultures, provides an interesting example of unity amidst diversity. This research explores the profound impact of culture on individual identity and societal development. By analyzing the evolution of Indonesian culture, from traditional practices to modern influences, we uncover the challenges faced due to globalization and the importance of cultural preservation. The research emphasizes the need for collaboration in protecting Indonesia's cultural heritage, highlighting the role of education, awareness, and government policy in keeping valuable traditions alive.

The objective of this research is to enhance the academic performance of Grade III students at SDN Margomulyo 1 Ngawi in the subject of animal life cycle by implementing a cooperative learning approach using Montessori media. The study methodology used is classroom action research (CAR) consisting of two cycles. During the first phase, the assessment of student learning outcomes revealed a limited level of proficiency, as just 44% of students successfully attained the desired learning goals. Following the implementation of the cooperative learning paradigm using Montessori media in the second cycle, there was a notable improvement, with 88% of students attaining mastery and an average score rise of 82%. This research provides evidence that the collaborative learning approach, along with Montessori media, is successful in improving students' comprehension and academic achievements in the subject of animal life cycles.

Efforts to improve educational quality include various policy measures and programs, such as increasing educational access, improving curricula, and enhancing the quality of teachers and lecturers.The aim of this study is to determine the extent of the influence of emotional intelligence and spiritual intelligence on the performance of lecturers at Institut Nalanda. The methodology used is quantitative with multiple regression analysis, involving a population of 34 respondents and a sample size of 34 lecturers from Institut Nalanda. The results of this study indicate that emotional intelligence has an impact of 61.6% on lecturer performance; spiritual intelligence is shown to contribute 64.9% to lecturer performance; and both emotional intelligence and spiritual intelligence together have an impact of 61.6% on lecturer performance.    

Butuh Village is one of the villages in Butuh District,  Purworejo Regency, Central Jawa Province. The villages’s need for awareness of adequate sanitation is still quite low. This can be proven by the fact that there are still many houses that do not have adequate domestik waste processing infrastructure. AS we know, if we dispose of domestik waste in the form of grey water and black water directly into the environment without a good waste processing system, it will pollute the environmen. The aim of this design is to determine the domestik wastewater treatment bulding in Butuh village using the hierarchical method.The final calculation using the hierarchical method resulted in thr selected domestic wastewater treatment being the Anaerbic Buffled Reactor (ABR) using 4 parameters in the form of maintenance operatinal cost, land area used, construction costs and removal efficiency. The Anaerobic Buffled Reactor (ABR) is planned to have 5 compartments with a BOD removal efficiency of 84%, construction cost of Rp. 67.899.607, the land area required is 45 m2, and operational costs are Rp. 2.605.281 and maintenance is relatively easy.    

Household sewage treatment in Surakarta City depends on the performance of the available domestic wastewater treatment plants (IPAL), including Pucangsawit IPAL, Semanggi IPAL, Mojosongo IPAL, and UNS IPAL. Each of these IPAL’s serves a specific area, such as the UNS IPAL which serves the UNS area and its surroundings, the Mojosongo IPAL which is in charge of the North Area of Surakarta, the Semanggi IPAL which takes care of the South Area of Surakarta, and the Pucangsawit IPAL which serves the Central Area of Surakarta City. This research aimed at the effectiveness of the performance and development plan of each IPAL in the next 20 years. This research used descriptive qualitative and quantitative analysis methods. Qualitative descriptive analysis was conducted by observing the existing condition of IPAL Komunal in the research location. Quantitative descriptive analysis in this study was carried out by testing samples at the inlet, aeration, and outlet points of the IPAL. Based on the quality standards of the Minister of Environment and Forestry Regulation number P 68 of 2016, each IPAL. UNS IPAL is 47.27% for BOD, 73.81% for COD, 76.36% for TSS. Mojosongo IPAL is 88.71% for BOD, 76.50% for COD, 78.57% for TSS. Pucangsawit IPAL was 91.88% for BOD, 83.20% for COD, 74.82% for TSS. Semanggi IPAL is 20.45% for BOD, 69.95% for COD, 69.05% for TSS. Alternative development at the IPAL that can be done to prepare for the next 20 years is to increase the volume in the initial settling basin, aerobic biofilter basin, and also the final settling basin.   

This study aims to analyze the impact of administering commercial probiotic bacteria on the wastewater from tofu industries on changes in Bio-logical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Dissolved Oxygen (DO) levels. Tofu industry wastewater is known to have high BOD and low DO levels, which pose a potential environmental pollution risk. This study used a pure experimental method with variables including the ratio of tofu industry wastewater to commercial probiotics (1:1, 1:2, 1:3) with an incubation interval of 8 hours. The results showed that the administration of commercial probiotic bacteria significantly reduced BOD levels and increased DO levels in the wastewater. The 1:3 ratio of tofu industry wastewater to commercial probiotics showed the most optimal effect in increasing DO and decreasing BOD. An incubation time of 32 hours showed the most optimal effect in increasing DO and decreasing BOD. The 1:3 volume ratio between tofu wastewater and probiotics (25% tofu wastewater and 75% probiotics) proved to be the most effective, with the highest DO increase of 2.51 mg/L and the largest BOD decrease of 144.20 mg/L. In addition, incubation time also had a significant effect, the longer the incubation time, the more optimal the probiotic activity in reducing BOD levels and increasing DO levels. The conclusion of this study is that the administration of commercial probiotic bacteria at a 1:3 ratio and an incubation time of 32 hours is an effective way to improve the quality of tofu industry wastewater.

Indonesia boasts a number of tofu processing facilities totaling, around 84,000 both scale and large scale operations. These facilities collectively consume 2.56 million tons of soybeans each year. The high volume of tofu production poses a threat to the environment due to the generation of waste. If this waste is directly released into water bodies it can alter the waters characteristics potentially harming life. To address this issue Tofu Industry Wastewater can be implemented by introducing probiotics containing microorganisms that aid in breaking down matter and other components in the waste. This study focuses on analyzing bacterial colonies in Tofu Industry Wastewater by examining bacterial colonies present in these products. Various mixtures of Tofu Industry Wastewater and commercial probiotics will be tested at ratios of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 1:4 over time periods ranging from 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, and 144 hours. The findings indicate that incorporating probiotics into Tofu Industry Wastewater can lead to a reduction in pollution levels.

The tofu industry in Indonesia generally utilizes simple processing technologies, leading to unresolved wastewater management issues. Tofu wastewater contains high organic matter, measured by BOD, a parameter indicating the oxygen required by microorganisms to decompose organic matter. High BOD can decrease dissolved oxygen (DO) levels in water, which is crucial for aquatic life. This study investigates the effectiveness of local probiotics in reducing BOD and increasing DO in tofu wastewater (ABIT). Three treatments were applied: pure ABIT, neutralized ABIT (ABIT-N), and ABIT mixed with local probiotics in three ratios (1:1, 1:2, and 1:3). DO was tested at 0, 8, 16, 24, and 36 hours, while BOD was tested at 0 and 5 days. The results demonstrate that local probiotics can effectively reduce BOD and enhance DO levels in ABIT. The highest DO (3.36 mg/L) was observed in ABIT-N mixed with local probiotics at a 1:3 ratio after 32 hours. The most significant BOD reduction (135.77 mg/L) was also achieved at the 1:3 ratio. These findings suggest that local probiotics offer an eco-friendly approach to treating tofu wastewater.  

Environmental pollution has become a serious problem in the world, including in Indonesia. Tofu waste is waste from processing soybeans and consists of solid and liquid waste. Solid waste in the form of dirt left over from cleaning is usually called tofu dregs, while liquid waste is water resulting from washing tofu. Industry knows that disposing of waste directly into water bodies can pollute those waters, because it can lower the pH of the air and affect aquatic biota. Therefore, the industry knows that it must carry out processing first to prevent environmental problems. In this study, researchers used commercial probiotic bacteria to reduce BOD and COD levels in tofu wastewater. The research was carried out by testing in the laboratory and using statistical data with graphic methods which can provide a comparison of the water content of tofu waste before and after it was given. The action given in the research was a ratio of 1:1, 1:2 and 1:3 water to tofu waste with commercial probiotic bacteria. Apart from that, researchers also added incubation times within each 8 hour interval, namely at 0 hours, 8 hours, 16 hours, 24 hours and 32 hours. The results of the research show that administering commercial probiotics can reduce BOD and COD levels in tofu wastewater. The most significant reduction occurred in a ratio of 1:3 in COD and BOD to 242.69 mg/lt and 148.00 mg/lt with an incubation time of 32 hours. This proves the commercial effect of probiotic bacteria to reduce BOD and COD levels so that it can help reduce environmental pollution, especially in the air.      

One common household waste often encountered and rarely processed is used cooking oil. Used cooking oil is the residual oil from frying that has been repeatedly used. The common practice of reusing or improperly disposing of it by the community is considered hazardous as it has the potential to poison the body and pollute the environment. One effort to utilize used cooking oil is by recycling the waste into raw materials for making aromatherapy candles and essential oil scented soaps. This purpose activity is empower the community of Nglebak to utilize household waste and transform it into economic materials. This activity is carried out through research methods, material presentation, processing practice, and discussion. The research results on aromatherapy candles indicate that a formulation of used cooking oil and coconut wax at a ratio of 2:1 can produce ecofriendly aromatherapy candles with an ideal appearance and duration. The research results on soap indicate that stirring for 30 minutes with a volume of 60 mL of KOH (Potassium Hydroxide) is the ideal formulation for making essential oil scented soaps as it yields the most with a pH that complies with SNI No. 40-4058-1996