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Bronchopneumonia is a type of infection of the lower respiratory tract that often occurs in children, especially toddlers. This disease is characterized by inflammation of the bronchioles and lung tissue which triggers increased production of secretions in the airways. The buildup of secretions often causes nursing problems in the form of ineffective airway clearance, which is indicated by ineffective coughing, rapid breathing, shortness of breath, and the appearance of additional breath sounds such as rales. Chest physiotherapy in children was carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of the clapping technique in helping to clear the airway in bronchopneumonia patients. The method applied in evidence-based practice (EBP) uses case studies with a nursing care approach. Intervention was given to three patients with a diagnosis of bronchopneumonia for three days, with a duration of approximately 1-2 minutes in each area of ​​the chest. Evaluation is carried out using a stethoscope and measuring time (clock), with the results recorded on an observation sheet. After chest physiotherapy (clapping), the three patients showed improvement in airway clearance, which was indicated by respiratory frequency returning to normal, no additional breath sounds (ronchi), and reduced secretion production. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the application of EBP through chest physiotherapy is effective in increasing airway clearance in bronchopneumonia patients.

Bronchopneumonia is a lower respiratory tract infection that remains a major health problem, especially in children, which can cause impaired gas exchange and ultimately decrease oxygen saturation. This condition, if not immediately treated, can lead to hypoxia and improve the patient's clinical condition. One intervention frequently administered in the emergency room is nebulizer therapy, which functions to help widen the airways, reduce secretion production, and improve pulmonary ventilation. This study aims to determine the effect of nebulizer therapy on increasing oxygen saturation in bronchopneumonia patients in the emergency room of Dr. Dody Sardjoto Air Force Hospital. This study used a quasi-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest approach. The study sample was bronchopneumonia patients who received nebulizer therapy intervention in the emergency room. The results showed an increase in oxygen saturation after nebulizer therapy with a p-value of 0.000 (p < 0.05), indicating a significant effect. Thus, nebulizer therapy is proven effective in increasing oxygen saturation and can be used as a treatment intervention in the management of oxygenation disorders in bronchopneumonia patients.  

The smoking habits of family members are one  the causes of Bronchopenumonia in toddlers since smoking can damage the air quality around toddlers. The purpose of this research was to find out the correlation between family members' smoking behavior with the incidence of bronchopneumonia in toddlers at the GMIM Pancaran Kasih General Hospital Manado. This study used an analytic descriptive method with a cross-sectional approach. It was conducted at the GMIM Pancaran Kasih General Hospital Manado from January to February 2025. The sample of this study amounted to 30 respondents. Data collection used a family member smoking behavior questionnaire and Bronchopneumonia data observation sheet. The results showed that there are 22 toddlers had severe bronchopneumonia with severe smoking of their family members, and 8 toddlers had mild bronchopneumonia with mild smoking behavior of their family members. The Chi-Square test showed p=0.007, with a p value smaller than alpha (α) = 0.05. The conclusion in this study is  that there is a highly significant correlation between family members' smoking behavior and the incidence of bronchopneumonia in toddlers at the GMIM Pancaran Kasih General Hospital Manado. Suggestions for families should be able to stop smoking behavior that will have an impact on toddlers and surrounding people.

Excessive mucus or secretions in the lungs are a common symptom of bronchopneumonia in children. The buildup of thick phlegm will be difficult to expel and can block the child's respiratory tract. One way to relieve a blocked nose and thin phlegm is by mixing eucalyptus oil and hot water. The ability of eucalyptus oil to break down mucus is caused by cineole. The nursing student's final goal is to present a research synopsis on the use of hot steam therapy along with eucalyptus oil to clear the airways of ineffective bronchopneumonia in children. Using a case study design with three (3) respondents and a mixture of hot water steam and eucalyptus oil, this research uses case study techniques and a nursing process approach. Children aged between three and four years can benefit greatly from a treatment that involves inhaling eucalyptus oil vapors for ten to fifteen minutes to clear the respiratory tract and reduce the viscosity of mucus. The results of implementing the intervention showed that the average results for respondents were 1,2,3 pre-intervention, SpO2 98%, RR: 31x/m, rhonchi(-) R1:30, R2:30, R3:32. post intervention results showed SpO2: 99% and HR: 24x/m, R1:24, R2:25, R3:24. The combined intervention of hot water steam with eucalyptus oil is effective in reducing respiratory frequency in children with bronchopneumonia.

Bronchopneumonia is an inflammatory condition of the lung parenchyma caused by microorganisms. Microorganisms enter the lungs through the respiratory tract into the bronchioles and alveoli and stimulate epithelial cells to produce mucus, causing accumulation of secretions in the alveoli (Utami et al., 2023). According to data from (WHO, 2022) In 2019, 740,180 people died from bronchopneumonia, which caused 14% of deaths in children under 5 years. The number of bronchopneumonia cases in children in developing countries is 82% higher compared to 0.5% cases in developed countries (Syahrinisya et al., 2024). The purpose of this writing is for the author to be able to create and apply nursing care to Patient. K with respiratory system disorders: bronchopneumonia at dr. Soeselo, Regional Hospital, Tegal Regency. The method used is that the nurse will collect basic data in the form of assessment from interviews, physical examination, observation, laboratory examination results and diagnosis. From the case review, it was found that the main complaint was that the client's mother stated that her child was coughing up phlegm. There were three diagnoses found, namely ineffective airway clearance, anxiety, knowledge deficit. Interventions are structured based on the theory of SDKI, SLKI and SIKI as well as on the client's condition and can be implemented.

Bronchopneumonia is an infection that affects the airways entering the lungs, also known as the bronchi. Symptoms that arise are cough, fever, restlessness, dyspnea, rapid and shallow breathing, and cyanosis around the nose and mouth. Physiotherapy measures in the form of breathing exercises (deep breathing exercise and coughing) and postural drainage are appropriate interventions for this condition. The aim of the research was to determine the effect of physiotherapy interventions in the form of breathing exercise (deep breathing exercise and coughing) and postural drainage on children's brochopneumonia conditions at Wijaya Kusuma Lumajang Hospital. The research instrument used the Dalhousie Dyspnea Scales. The results of the study showed a decrease in the degree of shortness of breath from 5 to 2 with 8 treatments. So it can be concluded that breathing exercise and postural drainage are effective in reducing the degree of shortness of breath in bronchopneumonia patients  

Background: Because of the very high mortality in children and children under the age of five, bronchopneumonia is the leading cause of death in children under the age of five worldwide. When viruses, bacteria, microbes and fungi enter the lungs through the respiratory system, they infect the lung parenchyma and cause pneumonia. Objective: Analyzing ineffective airway clearance nursing care in children with bronchopneumonia by collaborative action of administering a nebulizer in the Picu Room of Prof. Hospital. Dr. H Aloei Saboe Methods: Participants in this study, which used a quasi-experimental design, received treatment or intervention before measuring and analyzing the impacts. The pre-post-test group design method served as the basis for the research design. In children with bronchopneumonia, this strategy is used to check the results before and after administration of the nebulizer. Two young people who fight against crime become samples. Results: The results of the study show the overall evaluation results after nursing actions, namely: Based on the results before being given a nebulizer to patients the problem was not resolved in 2 patients and after being given a nebulizer to patients the problem was resolved in 2 patients Conclusion: Based on the description above, inhalation therapy to reduce symptoms of shortness of breath in children with bronchopneumonia is effective where inhalation therapy or steam inhalation therapy using drugs can widen the bronchial airways resulting in complaints such as shortness of breath and disappearance of breath sounds.

Penyakit bronkopneumonia pada anak terus meningkat setiap tahun, peningkatan kasus penyakit ini terjadi disebabkan oleh faktor orang tua baik pengetahuan dan perilaku orang tua, pengetahuan dan perilaku orang tua yang kurang cenderung mengakibatkan anak berulang kali mengalami bronkopneumonia. Tujuan dari penelitian untuk mengetahui pengetahuan dan perilaku orang tua terhadap penyakit bronkopneumonia pada anak di RSUD Tani dan Nelayan Boalemo. Desain penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif. Populasi anak yang mengalami brokopeumonia sejumlah 102 orang. Sampel berjumlah 30 orang dengan teknik accidental sampling. Instrument yang digunakan adalah kuesioner. Uji statistik menggunakan chi-square. Hasil yang diperoleh ada hubungan pengetahuan (p-value 0.011) dan perilaku (p-value 0.010) orang tua terhadap penyakit bronkopneumonia pada anak di RSUD Tani dan Nelayan Boalemo. Disimpulkan penyakit bronkopneumonia dapat disebabkan oleh pengetahuan dan perilaku orang tua pada anak di RSUD Tani dan Nelayan Boalemo.