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Hydrocephalus increases cerebrospinal fluid due to either excessive production or impaired absorption, often accompanied by increased intracranial pressure. In Indonesia, hydrocephalus affects 10 out of every 1,000 newborns annually. In adolescents and adults, toxoplasmosis is the most common cause. Among infant cases, 46% result from brain development abnormalities, 50% from subarachnoid hemorrhage and meningitis, and less than 4% from posterior fossa tumors. Central Java reports the highest rate of toxoplasmosis at 10%. Common signs and symptoms of hydrocephalus include increased cerebrospinal fluid, seizures, irritability, headaches, vision problems, and head enlargement. To improve reduced intracranial adaptive capacity caused by cerebrospinal fluid obstruction, nurses can apply a 30° head-up therapy. This intervention helps lower intracranial pressure and improve brain oxygenation. the effectiveness of 30° head-up positioning in addressing decreased intracranial adaptive capacity in post-VP shunting hydrocephalus patients. The nursing intervention was implemented on Mrs. S using the 30° head-up position. As a result, the patient reported reduced headache, and her blood pressure decreased to 135/90 mmHg.

Procedure For Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Examination Technique In Brain Tumor Cases At The Radiology Installation Of Pertamina Central Hospital Jakarta. MR spectroscopy is one way of describing metabolites in tumor tissue without being invasive. Single spectroscopic approach, which is used in Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and is the most common spectral collection method in MRI modalities. MRi is the establishment of a medical diagnosis based on the principle of magnetic resonance. MRI aircraft produce images in various pieces namely coronal, sagittal, and transverse by not at all using x-rays that produce radiation and also using radioactive substances. Brain tumors are abnormally growing brain tissue cells originating from the brain or meningens, which are benign or malignant tumors that make massive pressure. MRS is a unique non-invasive sequence that helps in the identification of lesion molecules and the difference between malignant and benign lesions. In MRI examination of the brain with tumor cases there are several sequences used, namely Se / Fse Pd / T2, Se / Fse / incoherent spoiled, (DWI) diffusion weighted imaging (1) According to Elmaoglu (2), imaging techniques that can be used for MRI brain tumor cases include axial T1 spin echo, T2 fast recovery fast spin echo, T2 FLAIR, coronal T1 and T1 Axial post contrast injection,  T1 coronal, and T1 sagittal, diffusion weighted imaging (DWI), magnetic resonance angiography, and magnetic resonance spectroscopy. In taking SVS LESION localizer must be precise on tumor tissue not taking part that is not part of the tumor, analyze tumor area and take SVS NORMAL localizer on other healthy tissue.

Comparison Of Metabolic Value On MR-Spectroscopy With and Without Contrast Media at Persahabatan Hospital, East Jakarta. Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy is a non-invasive technique that can be used to measure the metabolism of several biochemical components in body tissue, especially the brain. Based on observations made by the author at Persahabatan Hospital, the spectroscopy technique used at Persahabatan Hospital is a multi-voxle technique, with sequences selction namely s2D_PRESS_144, where the spectroscopy images are taken after administering contrast and prevalence for tumor cases in the Radiology Installation at Persahabatan Hospital, with 5 data from the month May-August 2023. To determine the validity of this opinion, the authors performed pre and post- contrast MR-Spectroscopy on patients with contrast and compared the results with patients without contrast. In this study the author used a quantitative analysis type of research with an experimental approach aimed at whether the administration of contrast material affects the results of MR-Spectroscopy in patients with brain tumor cases. Where the research data comes from primary data in the Radiology installation at Persahabatan Hospital from May - August 2023 using 5 patient data. Results: Based on an observational study carried out on primary data from 5 patients, there were differences in metabolic values with and without contrast media in brain tumor cases. And MR-Spectroscopy examination without contrast is better to use than with contrast, although from the overall data it turns out there are some data that say post- contrast is higher.