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This study aims to analyze the influence of macroeconomic conditions, capital, and good corporate governance on earnings, financial risk, and yield to maturity bond, with bond rating acting as a moderating variable. The research focuses on banking companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX). A Quantitative approach with a secondary data from Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX) and Indonesian Bond Market Directory (IDMB) Purposive sampling method was applied, resulting in 102 active banking bond samples listed on the IDX during the 2020–2023 period. The hypotheses were tested using Structural Equation Modeling with Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). Out of 14 proposed hypotheses, 4 were supported with statistically significant results, while the remaining 10 were not. The results show that capital has a significant effect on financial risk, while earnings significantly influence both financial risk and bond yield to maturity. Overall, this study shows that internal factors like earnings and capital have a stronger impact on a company’s risk perception and debt cost than implementation good corporate governance and macroeconomic conditions. It also highlights the important role of bond ratings in reflecting a company’s reputation and credit quality in the banking bond market.

The stock exchange is the market where trading in stocks, bonds and other financial instruments takes place. The stock exchange is a place where companies can issue shares to obtain funds from investors, and investors can buy shares as a form of company ownership and benefit from changes in share prices. This study aims to measure how significant the influence of Profitability, Leverage and productivity is in determining bond ratings in manufacturing companies in 2020-2022. The sample in this study is a manufacturing company that issues bonds and is rated by PEFINDO (Indonesian Rating Agency), uses the rupiah currency in presenting the company's financial statements, and publishes complete audited financial statements. The data source used comes from the official website of the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX), namely www.idx.co.id and the bond rating database accessed from PTPEFINDO (www.pefindo.com). The conclusion of this study is that profitability has a positive effect on bond ratings, leverage has a negative effect on bond ratings and productivity has no effect on bond ratings.   Keywords: Profitabilitas, Obligasi, Leverage, Produktifitas

Bond ratings are character symbols given by rating agencies to indicate the risk of a bond. This study aims to determine the effect of Leverage using debt to equity ratio (DER) calculations, Profitability using Return on Assets (ROA) calculations on Bond Ratings using calculations according to Bond Rating Interpretations in Financial Services Companies in the Banking Sector at PT. Pefindo for the 2017 – 2021 period used a purposive sampling technique to obtain 6 companies in a period of 5 years so that 30 samples were observed. The data analysis method used in this study is the panel data regression model. Based on the results of hypothesis testing, that Leverage has a negative effect and Profitability has no effect on Bond Ratings.