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Efforts to protect children in conflict with the law constitute a concrete manifestation of the state’s responsibility in implementing the principles of restorative justice. This study aims to comprehensively examine the implementation process of diversion at the Pengadilan Negeri Bukittinggi and to assess the extent to which its application achieves the primary objective of the juvenile criminal justice system, namely restoring the child’s social condition without emphasizing retribution. This research employs an empirical juridical approach by combining literature review and field research through interviews with judges, court clerks, and other relevant parties. The findings indicate that the implementation of diversion at the Pengadilan Negeri Bukittinggi has been carried out in accordance with Law Number 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System. The diversion process is conducted through deliberation involving the offender, the victim, their respective families, and supporting institutions under the guidance of a diversion facilitator. However, several challenges remain, including limited public understanding of the importance of restorative-based settlement, insufficient human resources with adequate competence in implementing diversion, and frequent failures in reaching agreements between offenders and victims. This study concludes that diversion in court proceedings is not merely a legal obligation but also an essential instrument in creating a more humane child-oriented justice system. Therefore, enhancing the competence of law enforcement officers and strengthening inter-agency coordination are necessary to support the sustainable success of diversion.

In implementing the enforcement of criminal acts by children who are in conflict with the law, Children's Criminal Justice System Act regulates that children should be kept as far as possible from the judicial process and punishment for deprivation of liberty. Therefore, there are many choices of forms of punishment in the SPPA Law, one of which is conditional punishment. This research aims to see whether conditional sentences for children in conflict with the law have been provided optimally. This research is normative research in which the data is processed using qualitative descriptive methods to answer the existing problem formulation. The results of this research found that the judge had not maximized the application of Law No. 11 of 2012 concerning the juvenile criminal justice system in decision number 84/pid.sus-anak/2020/pn plg. In decision number 84/pid.sus-anak/2020/pn plg, the judge did not impose a conditional sentence even though conditional punishment is one of the main crimes in the SPPA Law and the defendant meets the requirements to receive it.  

This research analyzes the role of the Kupang Class II Correctional Center (BAPAS) in guiding and developing children in conflict with the law. Using an empirical legal method, the study relies on primary and secondary data. The issue of juvenile delinquency in Indonesia is escalating, with 1,885 cases reported in 2018 and 1,098 in 2020. Notably, children are involved in physical violence (58 cases), sexual violence (44 cases), and theft (22 cases). This highlights the urgent need for institutions like BAPAS to support, develop, and supervise these children. The research addresses two main questions: (1) What is the role of BAPAS in guiding and mentoring children in conflict with the law? and (2) What challenges does BAPAS face in the juvenile justice system? The findings reveal that BAPAS's role is divided into three stages: (a) pre-adjudication guidance and development, (b) support during the trial process (adjudication), and (c) assistance post-trial. BAPAS encounters challenges primarily related to the families of the children, as well as difficulties faced by community guidance officers in providing effective assistance. It is crucial for BAPAS to develop persuasive communication skills to engage families and encourage active participation in the rehabilitation process. This includes involvement in training and understanding the community's role in supporting children in conflict with the law.  

Adolescent delinquency behavior often stems from teenagers' involvement with peer groups at school or in the educational environment. This can develop into more serious criminal behavior later on. Adolescents engaged in delinquent behavior can be categorized as Juvenile Offenders (JO). Peer groups provide a social environment in which JOs can learn and develop various aspects of themselves; however, they also serve as a primary source of negative influence. Similar habitus within social groups reinforce solidarity and camaraderie within them, which may be a reason for teenagers to join peer groups from the same social class. This also provides a sense of comfort and acceptance, while joining groups from different social classes can lead to feelings of inferiority and inequality. Thus, peer groups can have both positive and negative implications depending on the social conditions within a peer group.

Tujuan Penelitian yaitu Untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis ketentuan dan penerapan restorative justice terhadap anak yang berkonflik dengan hukum dalam sistim peradilan pidana anak, Untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis bentuk tindak pidana yang dilakukan oleh anak yang memungkinkan untuk diterapkan keadilan restorative justice. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Penelitian hukum normatif adalah penelitian hukum yang dilakukan dengan cara meneliti bahan kepustakaan (data sekunder) Bahan hukum yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini bersumber dari bahan hukum primer yang diperoleh secara langsung dari bahan hukum, baik bahan hukum primer maupun bahan hukum sekunder. Untuk memperoleh bahan hukum yang diperlukan dalam penelitian ini, digunakan teknik studi kepustakaan (library research). Untuk kejaksaan agung dalam penerapan restorative justice terhadap anak ada Peraturan Jaksa Agung Republik Indonesia No. PER-006/A/J.A/05/2015 tentang Pedoman Pelaksanaan Diversi Pada tingkat Penuntutan. Kemudian ada Surat Keputusan Bersama Ketua Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia, Jaksa Agung Republik Indonesia, Kepala Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia, Menteri Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia Republik Indonesia, Menteri Sosial Republik Indonesia, dan Menteri Negara Pemberdayaan Perempuan dan Perlindungan Anak Republik Indonesia Nomor 16бА/KMA/SKB/XII/2009, 148 A/A/JA/12/2009, B/45/XII/2009, M.HH-08 HM.03.02 Tahun 2009, 10/PRS-s/KPTS/2009, 02/Men.PP dan PA/XII/2009 tentang Penanganan Anak Yang Berhadapan Dengan Hukum.