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Background: Pargarutan Julu Village, East Angkola District, South Tapanuli does not yet have a waste disposal site (TPS), causing residents to habitually dump waste into rivers and burn it around residential areas. In addition, the lack of knowledge about natural disaster mitigation is a problem that needs to be addressed urgently. Objective: This community service activity aims to increase public knowledge and awareness through education on waste management (sorting organic and inorganic waste, impacts of river pollution, and the 3R principle: Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) and natural disaster preparedness (floods and fires). Methods: The activity was conducted outdoors in the village at night using lecture, PowerPoint presentation, and interactive discussion methods, involving 35 participants consisting of children and village residents of Pargarutan Julu. Results: The activity showed high enthusiasm from participants, with many questions raised during the interactive discussion sessions. There was an increase in community understanding of the importance of waste sorting, the dangers of dumping waste into rivers, the application of the 3R principle, and steps for preparedness against flood and fire disasters. Conclusion: The participatory outdoor educational approach effectively improved knowledge and awareness of Pargarutan Julu Village residents regarding proper waste management and natural disaster preparedness, and encouraged sustainable behavioral change in the community.

The problem of household waste in Kalanganyar Village, Sedati District, Sidoarjo Regency, is increasing along with population growth, while residents' knowledge about waste sorting is still minimal and processing facilities are limited. This community service program aims to increase awareness and cleanliving behavior through education and mentoring on household waste processing based on the 3R concept (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle). This activity adopts an Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) approach that focuses on mapping and utilizing local potential, such as health cadres, youth organizations, the spirit of mutual cooperation, and the availability of potential land. The implementation methods include appreciative inquiry, focus group discussions (FGDs), in-depth interviews with the Head of the Sopo Nyongko TPS and community leaders, participatory observation, and practical mentoring for housewives, youth organizations, and TPS managers on February 9. The results of the activity showed an increase in residents' understanding of PHBS and waste management, indicated by the enthusiasm of participants during the educational session. The program also successfully activated local agents of change: youth groups began implementing inorganic waste recycling, and health cadres designed a home-based waste sorting system.

Household waste management in Gondang Village remains a major problem because waste is not sorted from the source and supporting facilities are still limited, resulting in mixed organic, inorganic, and residual waste, potentially polluting the environment. To support the planned development of a 3R Waste Management Site (TPS 3R) in 2026, a community service activity was conducted aimed at increasing community knowledge, awareness, and readiness regarding waste sorting and the application of the Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle concept. This activity used a participatory approach through outreach, waste sorting demonstrations, installation of educational boards on waste decomposition times, and the provision of separate trash bins in four hamlets. The results of the activity showed an increase in community understanding of waste types, 3R principles, and long-term environmental impacts, accompanied by positive responses and high enthusiasm. The educational boards and facilities provided served as visual reminders that encouraged behavioral change, making this activity an important first step in preparing the Gondang Village community towards sustainable waste management through the 3R Waste Management Site (TPS 3R).

Waste management issues in boarding school environments represent one of the environmental challenges that require educational, participatory, and sustainable solutions. Students’ activities that take place continuously throughout the day within the school and dormitory areas contribute to the increasing generation of domestic waste, including plastic waste, disposable sanitary pads, cosmetic packaging, and other household waste. On the other hand, waste management practices in schools are still predominantly conducted manually, resulting in less effective and poorly organized environmental management systems. This community service program aimed to support sustainable environmental education through the digitalization of the school waste bank assistance program at SMA Putri Luqman Al-Hakim. The program was implemented using participatory and educational approaches consisting of observation and problem identification, socialization and education, implementation of waste bank digitalization, as well as monitoring and evaluation stages. The activities included waste segregation education, the application of the 3R concept (reduce, reuse, recycle), and assistance in using a digital-based waste deposit recording system through online spreadsheets and simple applications. The results demonstrated an improvement in students’ understanding and participation in school waste management activities. Furthermore, the implementation of the digital system contributed to a more organized, transparent, and easily monitored waste bank administration process. The program also played a role in fostering environmentally responsible behavior and improving students’ digital literacy. Therefore, the digitalization of school waste banks can serve as an alternative strategy to support environmental education and sustainable school environmental management.

Household plastic waste remains a serious challenge in urban environments, including Jl. Assofa II, Kebon Jeruk, West Jakarta, which is characterized by high population density and intense socio-economic activities. The low level of public awareness in sorting and managing plastic waste, particularly bottle caps, highlights the need for educational approaches from an early age. This community service activity aimed to enhance environmental awareness, creativity, and character development among children through the “Recycled Keychain” project, which involved recycling plastic bottle caps into keychains. The activity was implemented using a Project-Based Learning (PjBL) approach and involved 12 children aged 7–9 years as the main participants. The implementation methods included education on waste management based on the principles of reduce, reuse, and recycle (3R), collection and sorting of bottle caps, and the process of creating creative products. The results showed an increase in children’s environmental awareness and environmentally responsible behavior, the creation of eco-friendly educational products, as well as improvements in creativity, motor skills, and teamwork abilities. In addition, this activity supported the strengthening of the Pancasila Student Profile, particularly in the dimensions of cooperation, critical thinking, creativity, and independence. Overall, the Recycled Keychain project proved to be an effective model of contextual, participatory, and sustainable environmental education in instilling environmental care values from an early age in urban communities.

Household waste management remains a major challenge in rural areas, including Sunggumanai Village, Pattallassang District, Gowa Regency. Low public awareness and the absence of a structured community-based waste management system have negatively affected environmental quality and public health. This community service activity aimed to enhance community knowledge, awareness, and participation through the socialization of community-based waste management toward a clean and healthy environment. The activity was conducted on September 27, 2025, involving 30 participants consisting of community representatives, housewives, youth, and community leaders. The methods applied included educational socialization, participatory discussions, and waste segregation simulations based on the 3R principles (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle). The results indicated an improvement in participants’ understanding of waste types, the environmental and health impacts of improper waste management, and the importance of collective waste management practices. Participants also demonstrated positive attitudes and readiness to implement household waste segregation, as well as emerging ideas for establishing community-based waste management initiatives. In conclusion, this activity proved to be an effective initial step in promoting behavioral change toward sustainable waste management and supporting the creation of a clean and healthy village environment.

The problem of waste in rural areas is still a serious issue that has an impact on environmental health and the quality of life of the community. Batu Licin Village, Gunung Lengkuas Village, East Bintan District, Bintan Regency is one of the areas that faces similar problems, where household waste is still scattered and has not been handled optimally. This community service activity offers innovative solutions through the manufacture of rocket stoves as a means of efficiently burning certain organic and inorganic waste, as well as the construction of garbage booths as a place to store and sort waste before further processing. The implementation method involves counseling to residents, making prototypes, and direct practice of using rocket stoves and garbage booths by local communities. In addition, this activity also emphasizes the importance of changing community behavior in managing waste with the 3R (reduce, reuse, recycle) principle. The results of the activity show an increase in public awareness in managing waste independently, reducing the accumulation of waste in the village environment, and the emergence of alternative waste processing that is environmentally friendly, energy-efficient, and easy to apply. This innovation not only helps overcome the problem of household waste, but also provides educational value and empowers the community in maintaining the cleanliness and sustainability of the village environment. With the implementation of rocket stoves and garbage booths, it is hoped that a cleaner, healthier, and more viable village environment will be created in the long term.

Waste remains one of the major environmental issues and a serious challenge in rural communities. The lack of discipline in waste disposal and limited knowledge of the impact of non-biodegradable waste have contributed to declining environmental quality and potential health problems. In Buniwangi Village, Pagelaran Subdistrict, Cianjur Regency, these conditions highlight the need for educational programs that provide practical understanding while fostering community awareness. This community service activity aimed to improve residents’ awareness of waste management through visual education media in the form of information boards displaying the decomposition time of various types of waste, ranging from organic to non-organic materials. The implementation method applied an asset-based community development (ABCD) approach, emphasizing active community participation. The program was carried out in three main stages: preparation, implementation, and evaluation. The preparation stage included location surveys, needs mapping, and obtaining permission from village authorities. The implementation stage involved designing attractive educational boards, installing them at strategic points in the village, and conducting socialization to explain the information provided. The evaluation stage was carried out through direct observation and short interviews to assess the program’s impact on community knowledge and behavior.The results indicated an improvement in residents’ understanding of the differences between biodegradable and non-biodegradable waste. Villagers began to show awareness of reducing single-use plastics and started applying the 3R principles (reduce, reuse, recycle) in daily life. Overall, this program had a positive impact by fostering greater environmental concern and became an initial step toward building a sustainable waste management culture in Buniwangi Village.

Waste management remains a significant challenge in Dusun Balinappang, Desa Bontoramba, Kecamatan Pallangga, Kabupaten Gowa, Makassar City. Low community awareness regarding waste sorting and proper management has led to a decline in environmental health quality. Improper waste management can result in various environmental problems, such as water, soil, and air pollution. To address this issue, a community service activity was conducted with the aim of improving public knowledge and awareness on proper waste management through the 3R approach (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle). The method used for this activity involved education through the use of posters. The posters were designed to be visually engaging and simple, making them easy for the community to understand. This visual medium effectively conveyed information about the importance of waste sorting and applying the 3R principles. Additionally, pre-tests and post-tests were used as evaluations to measure the change in participants’ knowledge before and after receiving the education. The pre-test was conducted to assess participants' initial understanding, while the post-test helped determine the extent of their knowledge improvement regarding 3R concepts and waste management practices. The results of the activity showed a significant increase in the community’s understanding of 3R principles and proper waste management techniques. The community began to demonstrate positive behavior changes, such as sorting household waste more carefully and reusing materials that could be recycled. This shift contributed positively to raising environmental awareness and improving the health of the local community. With this simple yet effective education, it is hoped that the program can continue and be expanded to other areas. This initiative will contribute to creating a cleaner, healthier, and more sustainable environment, which will have a long-term positive impact on the quality of life for the community.

This study aims to examine the role of housewives in waste reduction through the implementation of 3R (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) principles, serving as a means to influence waste management behaviors and foster the adoption of a community-driven circular economy. This approach is designed to involve the broader business environment and city government. The research employs a descriptive qualitative method, focusing on the collection of data and information without reliance on quantitative calculations.The findings highlight that the participation of housewives plays a significant role in engaging individuals and groups in waste management activities. The study underscores the importance of community involvement in providing suggestions, expressing opinions, and actively participating in waste management initiatives. The research emphasizes that housewives play a critical role in waste collection, aligning with the principles of 3R. This role contributes to fostering clean and healthy living behaviors within communities, reinforcing the essential contribution of housewives in achieving sustainable waste management practices.

Most waste generation is found in the surrounding environment,  from household waste and the increasing waste needs to be managed starting from the household level. Housewives' behavior in 3R-based waste management (Reduce, Reuse and Recycle) is influenced by several factors such as knowledge, attitudes and education. The aim of this research is to determine the factors related to housewives' behavior in 3R-based waste management. This type of research is analytical observational research with a cross sectional design. The population of this research is all housewives in Pondok Kemuning Village, totaling 450 housewives. The sample for this research consisted of 52 respondents. Data analysis used the chi-square test. The research results show that the factors related to 3R-based waste management behavior using bivariate analysis are knowledge (p-value 0.004), attitude (p-value 0.03), and education (p-value 0.03). Therefore, education and training activities related to waste management are carried out for the community, especially using the 3R concept method (Reduce, Reuse and Recycle) which is easy to apply on a household scale so that it can minimize waste generation and increase skills and knowledge in the community..

STBM is a comprehensive approach that not only includes sanitation infrastructure development, but also emphasizes changes in community behavior and sustainable waste management. Thus, in the implementation of STBM, the 3R Waste Disposal Site (TPS) is a key component in sustainable waste management. TPS 3R refers to waste management with the 3R principles, namely Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle. However, in this case Menur Pumpungan Village still does not have a 3R-based waste processing facility. So it is necessary to plan the optimal design of TPS 3R to be applied in the future and be able to make a significant contribution in efforts to realize Community-Based Total Sanitation. To calculate the number of TPS 3R services as the basis for design, data on the population in 2023 and the waste generation rate of 2.6 liters/person/day were used. Based on the calculations made, in an effort to support the implementation of the Community-Based Total Sanitation program. The construction of TPS 3R, which is planned to be able to serve the domestic waste processing of the entire Menur Pumpungan urban village community, is expected to reduce the amount of waste entering the landfill. The total land required for operational facilities is 511.85 m2 with a TPS 3R design consisting of a 440.85 m2 waste processing area and 96 m2 of other supporting facilities..

Unclean environmental conditions and unhealthy behavior are the causes of the problem of the emergence of infectious diseases. One example of poor clean, healthy living behavior is the lack of awareness in disposing of waste in its place and improper ways of managing household waste. Almost all areas are experiencing difficulties obtaining land as a final disposal site. The government cannot solve the problem of household waste alone. Sentong Village does not correctly manage waste; for example, all waste is burned, and there is no separation between organic and inorganic waste. The purpose of this community service is to increase public awareness by increasing general knowledge about proper waste management and empowering the community to manage waste with the Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle method as one of the appropriate methods in processing household waste. The results of community service activities show that the community is quite enthusiastic when given information about proper waste management; the methods used in these activities are the lecture and discussion methods, then pre-test and post-test are carried out; the community who attended the training were 15 people, and residents agreed to apply the right way of processing waste, starting with the correct way of disposing of waste, namely distinguishing between organic and inorganic waste, so as not to litter in front of the house.