Publication Search

Urban plant care is increasingly important for sustainable living, but many users face inconsistent watering, insufficient care knowledge, unsuitable plant selection and delayed disease recognition. This study presents Easy Grow Plants, an integrated web and Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem that connects plant care guidance, soil-moisture monitoring, automated watering, plant recommendation, image-based plant health assistance, marketplace functions, community interaction and plant exchange. The prototype was implemented using a React frontend, Django REST backend, SQLite database and an Arduino UNO R4 WiFi smart pot with a soil moisture sensor, relay module and DC water pump. Functional, interface, API, IoT connectivity, sensor calibration, watering control and LAN deployment tests were conducted. The results show that the core modules operated together as an integrated academic prototype. The system demonstrates a practical foundation for smart urban gardening, although cloud deployment, multi-device testing and stronger AI validation remain future improvements

The implementation of smoking prohibition policies in Islamic boarding schools continues to depend largely on manual monitoring methods, which often face challenges related to consistency and supervision range. This study aims to design an Internet of Things (IoT)-based cigarette smoke detection system as an alternative monitoring approach that is more effective, measurable, and sustainable. The system design combines an MQ-2 gas sensor with a NodeMCU ESP8266 microcontroller programmed through the Arduino IDE platform. When smoke levels detected by the sensor exceed the predetermined limit, the system automatically triggers a buzzer and LED as warning indicators while simultaneously sending monitoring data to cloud-based platforms such as Firebase or ThingSpeak for real-time observation through web interfaces. The research outputs include a comprehensive system design consisting of system architecture, electronic circuit schematics, flowcharts, and pseudocode that are systematically arranged to support future prototype development and implementation. Through this design, the proposed system is expected to provide an initial technological solution that can enhance the effectiveness of monitoring and enforcing smoke-free regulations within Islamic boarding school environments.

This study discusses the design and simulation of an automatic lighting system based on a photodiode sensor using an Arduino Uno microcontroller as the main controller. The system is designed to detect changes in ambient light intensity and automatically control the lamp without human intervention. The photodiode sensor is used as a light detector that converts light energy into an analog electrical signal, which is then processed by the Arduino to determine bright or dark conditions. The output from the Arduino subsequently controls a relay module that functions as an electronic switch to connect or disconnect the current to the light bulb. The research method employed is an experimental approach, which includes system planning, hardware design, software programming, simulation using Proteus, and system performance testing. The simulation results indicate that the system operates as expected, where the lamp automatically turns on when the light intensity decreases and turns off when the ambient brightness increases. This system is expected to improve electrical energy efficiency and provide ease of operation for lighting control, particularly in public facilitiesand workplace environments.

This research aims to design and develop a simple Dino-themed game based on a microcontroller, with the display using an I2C LCD. The game is inspired by the offline Dino game on Google Chrome, adapted to run on an Arduino Uno microcontroller. The research method used is Research and Development (R&D), consisting of stages such as needs analysis, system design, simulation using Wokwi, hardware assembly, programming, and testing. The system uses push buttons as input and a 16x2 I2C LCD as the output display. The testing results show that the system can respond quickly to user input and display character movement and score updates dynamically on the LCD screen. Although the graphical capability of the LCD is limited, the game runs well and successfully demonstrates the basic concepts of microcontroller programming as well as interactive input-output processing. Further development is recommended to enhance the graphical interface and add features such as sound effects and progressive difficulty levels.

Starfruit (Averrhoa bilimbi L.), commonly known in Indonesia as belimbing wuluh, is widely used as a natural acid in traditional cuisine. It is often processed into dried sour starfruit (asam sunti), which can last 1–1.5 years. However, traditional sun-drying methods are inefficient due to weather dependency, long processing times, and inconsistent product quality and color. This study aims to design and develop a tunnel-type starfruit dryer equipped with a blower system and heat control based on the Arduino Mega 2560. The research employs a quantitative method to evaluate tool performance. The dryer is cylindrical and supported by key components, including LPG gas as a heat source, a blower for air circulation, and a drum holder. Drying is conducted in six stages, each lasting 120 minutes, totaling 12 hours to achieve optimal dryness. Temperature monitoring at three points (T1, T2, T3) uses a MAX6675 sensor with a thermocouple connected to the Arduino Mega 2560, while weight measurement is done manually. Results indicate the tool functions effectively. A denser drying chamber and proper blower installation are recommended to ensure even heat distribution and improved drying efficiency for community use.

Starfruit (Averrhoa bilimbi L.), commonly known in Indonesia as belimbing wuluh, is widely used as a natural acid in traditional cuisine. It is often processed into dried sour starfruit (asam sunti), which can last 1–1.5 years. However, traditional sun-drying methods are inefficient due to weather dependency, long processing times, and inconsistent product quality and color. This study aims to design and develop a tunnel-type starfruit dryer equipped with a blower system and heat control based on the Arduino Mega 2560. The research employs a quantitative method to evaluate tool performance. The dryer is cylindrical and supported by key components, including LPG gas as a heat source, a blower for air circulation, and a drum holder. Drying is conducted in six stages, each lasting 120 minutes, totaling 12 hours to achieve optimal dryness. Temperature monitoring at three points (T1, T2, T3) uses a MAX6675 sensor with a thermocouple connected to the Arduino Mega 2560, while weight measurement is done manually. Results indicate the tool functions effectively. A denser drying chamber and proper blower installation are recommended to ensure even heat distribution and improved drying efficiency for community use.

Indramayu mango is a seasonal fruit that is highly favored due to its delicious taste and high nutritional content. However, high mango production is often not supported by adequate post-harvest facilities, particularly in terms of fruit ripeness classification. Currently, mango ripeness classification is still performed manually, which tends to be subjective and inconsistent. To address this issue, this study proposes a ripeness detection system for Indramayu mangoes by integrating the TGS2602 gas sensor and the YOLOv11 algorithm based on image processing. The TGS2602 sensor is used to detect ethylene gas emitted by ripe mangoes, while YOLOv11 is employed for visual image analysis of the fruit. This study aims to evaluate the system’s performance in classifying ripe and unripe mangoes, as well as analyze the integration between the gas sensor and the object detection model. The test results show that the TGS2602 sensor can detect increased ethylene gas concentration in ripe mangoes, while YOLOv11 demonstrates high accuracy in detecting mangoes based on visual images, with precision and recall close to 1.0. The system was also tested under various lighting conditions, including dark environments, and still performed well, although with a slight decrease in accuracy under low-light conditions.

Training on a Bluetooth-based lighting control system with Arduino Uno for students of SMA Xaverius 3 Palembang is one of the community service activities carried out by lecturers from the Palcomtech Institute of Technology and Business and lecturers from Lembah Dempo University. The purpose of this activity is to increase students' knowledge and abilities to utilize Arduino Uno for lighting control. The activity was carried out on Tuesday, November 11, 2025 in Room 3.2 of the Palcomtech Institute of Technology and Business, Palembang. The training was attended by 36 students. The implementation method was carried out by presentation and practice. The training activities were divided into three parts, namely the first presentation about Arduino Uno, the second practice of using Arduino Uno for control, the third exercise by students as an evaluation material to determine the level of understanding of participants. The results of this activity are to increase students' knowledge about Arduino Uno and its various benefits, one of which is for lighting control. This implementation went very well where the training participants actively participated in the activities from the beginning to the end and were able to carry out the exercise on using Arduino Uno for lighting control well and on time, which means that participants could understand the material presented well.

This community service program is entitled Improving Microcontroller Competence of Students of SMK Negeri 3 Pematangsiantar through Arduino Training Based on Industrial Practice and is implemented as a follow-up to the school's official request to invite university practitioners as guest teachers in order to strengthen industry-based vocational learning. The activity was carried out on November 27, 2025 at the Computer Laboratory of SMK Negeri 3 Pematangsiantar involving 50 grade XI students, and guided by Andi Setiadi Manalu, S.Kom., M.Ti as the main instructor of Arduino material which focuses on the introduction of microcontrollers, basic programming, sensor integration, and simple automation project design. The purpose of this activity is to improve students' technical competence in the field of embedded systems while fostering work readiness through real-world practice-based learning experiences. The implementation method uses an experiential learning and project-based learning approach, which combines brief conceptual explanations with direct practice, technical discussions, and problem-based project assignment completion. The evaluation results show an increase in students' understanding of microcontroller functions, programming logic structures, and the ability to connect hardware and software in one work system. In addition, students demonstrated increased motivation, confidence, and interest in industrial technology, as reflected in their active participation during the practicum and their successful independent completion of functional prototypes. Overall, this activity proved effective in strengthening the technical competencies of vocational high school students and supporting the implementation of the link and match policy between vocational education and the needs of the industrial world, while also emphasizing the strategic role of higher education institutions in supporting the improvement of human resource quality at the vocational high school level.

This study aims to design, implement, and test a prototype that automates three functions, namely watering, fertilizing, and pest control based on Arduino Uno with the ability to directly monitor soil moisture and pH. This system is equipped with four main types of sensors. Soil condition monitoring involves an FC-28 soil moisture sensor and a soil pH sensor, water level measurement involves an HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor, and pest detection in the plant area involves a RIP sensor. All data obtained from these sensors is then processed by the Arduino Uno microcontroller to automatically activate actuators such as water pumps, liquid fertilizer pumps, buzzers, and DC motors according to soil conditions and plant needs. Prototype testing was conducted on simulated land with various scenarios of moisture, soil pH, and pest activity. The test results revealed that the system was proven to be able to significantly optimize water and fertilizer utilization, as well as reduce pest disturbances that could potentially damage plants.  In addition, this system also displays the operational status directly through an LCD screen, making it easy for users to monitor. The advantage of this system is its multi-function integration in a single device that is cost-effective and easy to operate. In the future, the functionality of this system can be improved through integration with Internet of Things (IoT) technology, enabling remote monitoring and control with greater efficiency. More broadly, this study is expected to support increased production and sustainable agricultural practices in Indonesia.

This community service program was carried out to enhance the technological literacy of residents in Telang Sari Village through the introduction of an automated street lighting system based on sensor technology. The system presented to the community utilizes an Arduino microcontroller integrated with an LDR sensor to detect light intensity and an ultrasonic sensor to identify the presence of nearby objects. With this configuration, the street lights operate automatically: they turn on when the environment becomes dark and an object is detected, and turn off when the surroundings are bright or no activity is detected in the sensing area. The program activities included device installation, technical explanation, and a live demonstration to ensure that residents comprehended its functions and benefits. Additionally, the use of solar panels was introduced as an alternative power source to support sustainable operation without relying on grid electricity. The results of the program showed a positive response from the community, as the system was considered effective in improving nighttime safety, reducing energy consumption, and requiring minimal maintenance. Overall, this activity successfully increased public understanding of automation technology and renewable energy applications suitable for rural community development.

This community service program was carried out to enhance the technological literacy of residents in Telang Sari Village through the introduction of an automated street lighting system based on sensor technology. The system presented to the community utilizes an Arduino microcontroller integrated with an LDR sensor to detect light intensity and an ultrasonic sensor to identify the presence of nearby objects. With this configuration, the street lights operate automatically: they turn on when the environment becomes dark and an object is detected, and turn off when the surroundings are bright or no activity is detected in the sensing area. The program activities included device installation, technical explanation, and a live demonstration to ensure that residents comprehended its functions and benefits. Additionally, the use of solar panels was introduced as an alternative power source to support sustainable operation without relying on grid electricity. The results of the program showed a positive response from the community, as the system was considered effective in improving nighttime safety, reducing energy consumption, and requiring minimal maintenance. Overall, this activity successfully increased public understanding of automation technology and renewable energy applications suitable for rural community development.

This study aims to design and test a Dual Axis Solar Tracker to improve the energy absorption efficiency of solar panels on ships. The system is designed with a two-axis movement mechanism (horizontal and vertical) using a linear actuator motor controlled by Arduino Nano and ESP32. Testing was conducted on a 20 WP solar panel in Surabaya for 30 days, divided into three methods: 10 days using an LDR sensor, 10 days using an RTC, and 10 days in static conditions without a sensor. Voltage, current, and power data were measured every 30 minutes at 07.00–17.00 WIB. The test results show that the RTC method provides the highest and most stable output power, according to the sun's movement patterns in tropical areas, while the LDR method responds quickly to changes in light intensity but is less stable in changing weather. Static installation produces the lowest power. This system is able to maintain the panel orientation perpendicular to the sun's rays, thus increasing energy efficiency compared to static systems. These findings prove that dual-axis solar tracker technology, especially with an RTC sensor, is effective in dynamic maritime environments and can be a practical solution for optimizing renewable energy on ships. The most effective results using RTC sensors demonstrated the most stable and high power output, especially since the sun in tropical areas like Surabaya moves fairly consistently following a cyclical pattern. The success of this system not only increases the energy output of solar panels but also provides a practical solution for renewable energy applications in tropical climates.

The Motor Operated Valve (MOV) is a critical component in fluid control systems at Steam Power Plants (PLTU). Training new technicians is often hindered by limited access to actual equipment and operational safety risks. This research aims to design and develop an Arduino-based MOV control module simulator capable of simulating basic functions such as open, close, stop, and limit switch responses. The method used is Research and Development (R&D) with an experimental approach. The simulator was tested using a DC motor as the simulated valve actuator, equipped with push buttons, relays, limit switches, and indicator lamps for visual feedback. The test results showed that the simulator successfully represented control functions with 100% accuracy in limit switch responses and consistent operation. User evaluations involving ten new technicians indicated an 85% satisfaction rate in terms of ease of understanding and operational safety. This simulator has proven to be an effective, interactive, and safe learning medium for new technicians at PLTU Nagan Raya.  

Cracker drying process is considered inefficient because it still depends on weather factors and manual supervision, which can affect the quality of the production results. To overcome this, a smart shrimpcrackerdryingdevicebasedonan Arduino Uno microcontroller with an automatic closing mechanism and an automatic container has been designed and built. This system is equipped with a rain sensor and an LDR sensor to detect weather conditions around the device, as well as a DHT11 sensor to monitor humidity in the cracker storage container. In addition, an ultrasonic sensor is used to automatically regulate the movement of crackers into the storage container after the drying process is complete. A DC motor controlled by a BTS7960 driver functions to move the cover roof and the cracker transfer mechanism, while a limit switch is used to limit the motor movement.Based on the test results, this device can work automatically Shrimp crackers are one of the typical food products widely produced by the people of Bunga Karang Village, Tanjung Lago District, Banyuasin Regency. The traditional shrimp following changes in environmental conditions, thereby increasing the efficiency of the drying process and maintaining the quality of shrimp crackers produced by the residents of Bunga Karang Village.

This study discusses the design and development of an automatic safety system for a wood cutting machine using Arduino Uno, a PIR (Passive Infrared) sensor, and a servo motor as the main components. The system is designed to automatically stop the movement of the wood cutting machine when human motion is detected around the cutting area, thereby minimizing the risk of work-related accidents. The research method includes hardware design, microcontroller programming, and system response testing using two types of test objects: the human body and a wooden block. The results show that the system operates according to the programmed logic. When the PIR sensor detects human motion, the servo motor stops and the red LED lights up as a danger indicator. In contrast, when no human motion is detected, the servo motor continues to move normally and the green LED remains on as a safe indicator. The system’s average response time is 0.6 seconds, indicating a fast and accurate performance. Therefore, the designed system is considered effective and can serve as a prototype of a simple safety tool to enhance operator safety in wood cutting machines.

The main problem with the water heating system on offshore platforms is the absence of water level monitoring and automatic overflow detection. This has the potential to cause hot water spills that endanger workplace safety and operational efficiency. This research designs and implements a water level monitoring system based on the Arduino Uno microcontroller with HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensors. The system is equipped with LED indicators, a buzzer alarm, and a 16x2 LCD to display water level status in real-time. Water levels are classified into three zones (low, medium, high), and overflow is detected if the water is within 3 cm of the sensor. Testing was conducted on a 5-liter simulation tank representing actual 500-liter tank conditions. Test results showed a reading accuracy of 96% and a quick system response to overflow conditions (<1 second). This system is economical, easy to develop, and highly applicable for offshore environments. In addition, this system can be integrated with IoT technology for remote monitoring.

The distinctive markings on the fingers are known as biometrics. The fingerprint attendance method uses biometrics. Without developing a usable fingerprint tool, research on fingerprint attendance is restricted to processing attendance data. As a result, an Arduino-based fingerprint approach was used to construct an attendance tool. The education sector is where SMK Negeri 1 Indralaya Utara. The school's student attendance system is still operated manually. In this study, the system uses fingerprints and camera recording to track students' locations. Using an Arduino Mega as a microcontroller, this tool will display student attendance information on an LCD, save it on an SD card module, and send the ESP32CAM-generated photographs over Telegram. The literature review is the first step in the research process, followed by hardware and software design. Following completion, the tool is put through testing to evaluate its functionality. Each of the ten participants scanned their thumb and index finger. The thumb and index finger have an average of five tests, with a 0.28% mistake rate, depending on the number of trials. Each component's error percentage is less than 1% while still falling within the 5% tolerance limit. The image test results indicate two conditions: 20 cm and greater. The ESP32CAM will activate when we take a picture at a distance of 20 cm.

The braking system is a crucial component in a vehicle, where its performance is highly influenced by the wheel's rotational speed and the geometry of the brake pad. This study aims to analyze the impact of wheel rotational speed and variations in pad geometry on the temperature of the brake pad. The braking process generates heat due to friction, which, if not properly managed, can reduce braking performance and accelerate brake pad wear. The experiment was conducted at four levels of wheel rotational speed: 1000 RPM, 1500 RPM, 2000 RPM, and 2500 RPM. The testing system was designed using a braking system simulator equipped with a speed sensor (LM393) and a temperature sensor (K-type thermocouple), which were connected to an Arduino microcontroller and displayed in real-time through a Graphical User Interface (GUI) in MATLAB. The test results indicated that both the geometric shape of the brake pads and the wheel rotation speed significantly affected the resulting temperature. Standard brake pads produced the highest temperature at a speed of 2500 RPM, reaching 63.33°C. In contrast, brake pads with holes offered the best performance by maintaining a lower temperature of only 43.00°C. Furthermore, an increase in wheel rotation speed led to a noticeable rise in temperature; for standard pads, the temperature increased from 36.67°C at 1000 RPM to 63.33°C at 2500 RPM. This demonstrates that RPM is a major factor in heat generation due to friction. The MATLAB GUI effectively visualized the relationship between RPM and temperature, facilitating the analysis and evaluation of the data.

The DC motor serves as the main drive of the vessel and is equipped with a rotary encoder that functions to regulate the movement of the sensor in measuring sediment levels. This rotary encoder is also used to monitor and represent the rotational speed of the DC motor. System testing was carried out by implementing a Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) algorithm to control the DC motor speed in moving the vessel, ensuring stable motion. This fuzzy logic–based approach is expected to improve accuracy and efficiency in sediment volume calculations, while also reducing potential errors that commonly occur in manual methods. Simulating motor speed control using the fuzzy logic algorithm in MATLAB, the best test results were achieved over several trials, with a rise time of 376.310 ms and an overshoot of 83.33%. Motor speed measurements using both a tachometer and Arduino produced consistent results, with an average relative error of 0.18%.