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Identity politics has become one of the most debated concepts in contemporary democratic discourse, yet its conceptual boundaries remain poorly defined in both academic and public conversations. This paper argues that three commonly conflated terms political identity, identity politics, and the politicization of identity carry fundamentally distinct meanings with divergent normative and practical consequences. Through a conceptual literature review, this study synthesizes theoretical frameworks and empirical findings to demonstrate that while political identity refers to an individual's self-positioning within a political community, and identity politics denotes collective action by marginalized groups seeking recognition, the politicization of identity is an elite-driven strategy of exploiting social group markers for political gain. This distinction matters because the conflation of these terms obscures how digital platforms  through filter bubble and echo chamber mechanisms  amplify identity-based polarization in Indonesia and beyond. The study finds that social media algorithms do not merely reflect pre-existing social divisions but actively intensify affective polarization by constructing homogeneous information environments that deepen inter-group animosity. The paper concludes with implications for digital citizenship and democratic resilience in Indonesia.

Thei swifti advancementi ofi technologyi hasi madei iti simpleri fori individualsi toi accessi informationi viai sociali mediai platforms.i Nonetheless,i thisi cani alsoi leadi toi offenses,i includingi abusivei languagei ori expressionsi ofi animosityi towardsi othersi online.i Suchi actionsi falli underi Articlesi 310i andi 311i ofi thei Criminali Code,i whichi governi insultsi andi defamation,i alongi withi thei Informationi andi Electronici Transactionsi Lawi Numberi 11i Oct 2008.i Thisi lawi wasi revisedi toi includei Articlei 27i Paragraphi (3)i ini thei thei 2024i Informationi andi Electronici Transactionsi Law,i whichi tacklesi thei issuei ofi defamation.i Thei methodologyi appliedi ini thisi studyi isi normativei juridicali research,i emphasizingi ai legali approachi thati incorporatesi libraryi sources,i statutes,i regulations,i andi relevanti legali theoriesi andi concepts.i Thei obstaclesi ini applyingi thei lawi againsti defamationi crimesi oni sociali mediai encompassi legali issues,i technicali barriers,i andi culturali asi welli asi sociali factors.i Toi tacklei thesei obstacles,i i iti other essentiali toi enhancei thei skillsi ofi lawi enforcementi personneli andi boosti publici awarenessi abouti digitali literacy.i Thei processi ofi lawi enforcementi concerningi defamationi crimesi oni sociali mediai adheresi toi thei proceduresi outlinedi ini thei Criminali Procedurei Code,i focusingi oni electronici evidence.i Articlesi 310i andi 311i ofi thei Criminali Code,i togetheri withi Articlei 27i Paragraphi (3)i ofi thei Informationi andi Electronici Transactionsi Lawi asi amendedi ini Lawi Numberi 1i ofi 2024,i providei thei legali foundationi fori addressingi crimesi oni sociali media,i ini linei withi thei proceduresi seti forthi ini thei Criminali Procedurei Code.  

Universities in border areas face challenges in recruiting prospective new students due to limited access to higher education information and low levels of advanced literacy studies among high school students. Bulungan Regency, as a border area in North Kalimantan, demonstrates this condition, which has an impact on the low number of high school graduates who continue their studies at Mulawarman University, especially the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education (FKIP). This community service activity aims to build a partnership strategy between FKIP Mulawarman University and Tanjung Palas State Senior High School and Tanjung Selor State Senior High School as an effort to improve students' understanding of higher education and increase enthusiasm for new student admissions. The implementation method uses a participatory university-school partnership approach through campus socialization activities, educational career workshops, student inspiration classes, virtual campus tours, guidance counselor training, and new student registration assistance. The evaluation program was conducted using pre-test and post-test questionnaires, interviews, and documentation of student registration data. The results of the activity showed a significant increase in students' understanding of FKIP Mulawarman University, from 42% to 85% at Tanjung Palas State Senior High School and from 45% to 88% at Tanjung Selor State Senior High School. The satisfaction rate of partner schools with the program is above 90%, and there has been an increase in student interest in continuing their studies at university. The program also strengthens the role of guidance counselors as information agents for higher education and fosters a sustainable collaborative network between universities and schools. It can be concluded that the School Partnership Program is effective as a strategy to increase new student enrollment at the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education at Mulawarman University and serves as a model for university service in expanding access to higher education in border areas. This program is recommended for continuation and implementation at other schools in North Kalimantan.

This research examines the dilemma between language ethics and freedom of expression in relation to hate speech on social media. A mandatory human right, freedom of expression allows people to express their opinions and encourages democratic society. Its misuse on digital platform, however, frequently leads to hate speech that incites animosity, reinforces assumptions, and insults the dignity of the target audience. This research qualitatively analyzes cases of hate speech and freedom of expression in social media spaces through discourse and content analysis. As a result, this research illustrates the dilemma between the expression of hate speech that violates ethical boundaries and the defense of freedom of expression in a democratic society. It also explores principles to maintain the balance between freedom of expression.

The problem of Indonesian learning at higher education institutes has been encountered by Indonesian language instructors. The lack of animosity of students to learn Indonesian language and lack of variation in learning methods are one of the main problems occurred. These may cause the Indonesian language learning not to meet the expectation of instructors and students. Indonesian language course has an important goal to improve the students’ language skills and to develop a deep affection for the Indonesian language. One of the methods that may be used in order to handle this problem is needs analysis. This method is expected to accommodate students’ needs pertaining to Indonesian language learning in several study programs at De La Salle Catholic University. The findings of this research will be a reference for the syllabus reconstruction process of Indonesian Language course in order to improve the quality of language learning and to achieve the goals of learning. This syllabus reconstruction consists of several components, namely learning objectives, materials, learning method, and assessment. Pertaining to the components, the results of this research showed that (1) the learning objectives of Indonesian Language course in university cannot be limited to writing skills developments, but can be included also with speaking skills; (2) in materials, the scientific genre and spelling also need to be emphasized; (3) students recommend to use the problem-based learning method, especially for grammar error cases; and (4) the assessment of Indonesian language needs to be designed not only in the form of assignments, but also in the form of objectives and/or essays in accordance with the criterion of HOTS.    

Providing motivation is something that is absolutely necessary for world campuses to increase learning motivation and learning outcomes. Internal and external motivation is a requirement that cannot be ignored. This study aims to analyze the causes of the increase in N-Act members of the University of Muhammadiyah Makassar through PKM. The research method uses qualitative methods with descriptive analysis research types. The data was obtained through interviews with 5 students from Muhammadiyah Makassar University. Analysis of presentation of motivation is based on David McClelland's theory. The research results: 1) Achievement of N-Ach Through Student Creativity Programs, 2) Giving motivation encourages the desire to achieve, 3) The influence of providing information encourages students to achieve achievements. The implication of providing motivation is not only to increase interest in developing student creativity but also to create an atmosphere of competitive competition within the scope of the University of Muhammadiyah Makassar  

Pendidikan merupakan sarana utama dalam upaya meningkatkan kualitas sumber daya manusia. Sekolah sebagai lembaga pendidikan yang dituntut untuk selalu meningkatkan kualitas atau mutu suatu sekolah. Orang tua semakin dituntut untuk memiliki animo dan strategi khusus dalam memilih sekolah bagi masa depan anak-anaknya. Sekarang ini begitu banyak orang tua yang termotivasi untuk menyekolahkan anaknya ke sekolah berbasis Islam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar animo dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi orang tua untuk menyekolahkan anaknya di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Nahdlotur Rijal Kecamatan Kroya Kabupaten Indramayu. Penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan rancangan studi kasus. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini yaitu menggunakan wawancara mendalam, observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa animo orang tua sangat tinggi untuk menyekolahkan anak di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Nahdlotur Rijal Kroya Indramayu. Hal ini karena; 1) Ingin anaknya memiliki pengetahuan agama, 2) MI Nahdlotur Rijal memiliki kualitas KBM yang baik. 3) Lokasi madrasah dekat tempat tinggal. Adapun faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi diantaranya; 1) Animo masyarakat Desa Kroya, 2) Latar belakang pendidikan orangtua dan anak, 3) Lingkunga keluarga dan masyarakat Desa Kroya, 4) Sarana dan prasarana MI Nahdlotur Rijal.

Pengabdian pada masyarakat yang dilaksanakan oleh pengabdi berupa pelatihan pemrograman aktivitas fisik melalui outbound dan braingym sebagai implementasi pembentukan karakter dan kedisiplinan bagi guru Sekolah Dasar di Kecamatan Patimuan. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk diantaranya: (1) saling memahami dan saling pengertian/peduli dengan orang lain dan belajar membangun kepercayaan diri dan mempercayai kepada yang lain, (2) belajar membangun tim kerja yang cakap dan handal dan memahami arti penting kerjasama kelompok dalam lingkungan kerja, (3) membangun individu dalam kelompok secara lebih energik dan mendorong individu dalam menghadapi tantangan kelompok yang ada, (4) memberikan pembekalan pengetahuan dan keterampilan kreativitas dalam penyusunan pembelajaran olahraga rekreasi bagi siswa agar memiliki kompetensi yang kreatif dalam mengembangkan pembelajaran penjas di tingkat sekolah. Metode Pelaksanaan kegiatan ini adalah ceramah, demonstrasi dan praktik/latihan. Metode Ceramah ceramah digunakan untuk menyampaikan informasi kepada para guru Sekolah Dasar di Kecamatan Patimuan tentang pemrograman aktivitas fisik melalui outbound dan brain gym. Metode demonstrasi sangat penting keberadaanya dalam kegiatan pelatihan ini, karena dalam pelatihan suatu proses kerja akan lebih mudah diikuti oleh peserta pelatihan manakala ketrampilan yang akan ditransformasikan bisa dieksplisitkan secara konkrit melalui demonstrasi. Metode Praktik dilakukan oleh para guru untuk mencoba menguasai gerakan braingym dan outbound yang dapat di implementasikan pada setiap pembelajaran penjas disekolah. Dalam evaluasi, Tim Pengabdi melakukan pengamatan langsung kepada para peserta dengan kriteria antusiasme, perhatian, dan kesungguhan dalam mengikuti kegiatan pelatihan. Hasil Pengabdian pada masyarakat menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan kegiatan berjalan dengan baik sesuai dengan program yang telah dibuat. Hal ini ditunjukkan oleh animo peserta yang cukup tinggi. Pemrograman aktivitas fisik dan praktik yang terdiri dari penguasaan teknik dasar outbond training dan brain gym yang dapat membentuk karakter bagi siswa seperti: nilai-nilai kerjasama, kepercayaan, kemampuan memecahkan suatu masalah, proses pendewasaan diri, kebersamaan, leadership (kepemimpinan), kedisiplinan, kemampuan akselerasi untuk mencapai suatu tujuan, melatih mental dan keberanian serta kesenangan batiniah. Indikator keberhasilan ditandai dengan tingginya motivasi peserta dalam mengikuti kegiatan ini serta dimilikinya pengetahuan dan keterampilan baru tentang outbond dan brain gym.

The background of this research is because of the school that is very active in implementing digital marketing systems by utilizing social media that exists at this time, one of the supporters who provides a variety of information is quite in the grasp and as an information media that can also expand its reach so that it can attract the interest of the surrounding community. The focus of research is as follows: 1) How is the strategy to increase public interest through digital marketing in the acceptance of new learners in SD Mutiara Bali in the 2020/2021 school year?, 2) What are the obstacle factors and solutions in the strategy of increasing public interest related to the acceptance of new learners in Mutiara Bali Elementary School in the 2020/2021 school year. The purpose of the research is to find out 1) strategies to increase public interest through digital marketing in the acceptance of new learners in SD Mutiara Bali in the 2020/2021 school year, 2) obstacle factors and solutions in the strategy of increasing public interest related to the acceptance of new learners in SD Mutiara Bali in the 2020/2021 school year. This type of research uses a qualitative approach. Data collection includes observations, interviews and documentation. Based on the results of research that has been obtained by researchers, that from the beginning of the establishment of SD Mutiara Bali has been actively using digital marketing system and is known based on data that SD Mutiara Bali has indeed experienced an increase in public interest from year to year with various strategies carried out such as branding, content creator well then published through social media owned by SD Mutiara Bali.