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Background: Anemia in pregnancy is a significant public health problem that can increase the risk of maternal and fetal complications. One of the main strategies to prevent anemia is the administration of Multiple Micronutrient Supplements (MMS), which provide essential vitamins and minerals during pregnancy. However, the effectiveness of MMS in preventing anemia is closely related to the level of knowledge pregnant women have about its use. Therefore, understanding the relationship between knowledge about MMS and anemia incidence is crucial to improving maternal health outcomes (Rahmawati et al., 2023). Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship between pregnant women’s knowledge level about Multiple Micronutrient Supplements (MMS) and the incidence of anemia among pregnant women in the working area of Dr. Hi. Zainal Umar Sidiki Hospital, North Gorontalo. Methods: This research employed an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 30 pregnant women were selected as the sample using purposive sampling techniquesResults: The study found that the majority of participants who had high knowledge levels about MMS had a lower incidence of anemia, while those with low knowledge levels had a higher incidence. These results highlight that knowledge about MMS strongly influences pregnant women’s adherence and effectiveness in preventing anemia. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between pregnant women’s knowledge level about Multiple Micronutrient Supplements (MMS) and the incidence of anemia. Improving maternal knowledge about MMS through health education, counseling, and guidance from healthcare providers is essential to prevent anemia and support optimal pregnancy outcomes.

Anemia remains a significant public health problem commonly experienced by women of reproductive age (WRA) due to inadequate iron intake, blood loss during menstruation, and limited knowledge of healthy dietary patterns and balanced nutrition. This condition may lead to decreased productivity, reduced immune function, and an increased risk of complications in future pregnancies. This community service activity aimed to improve the knowledge of women of reproductive age regarding anemia prevention through balanced nutrition education at PMB Imelda Tae Sekadau in 2026. The method used in this activity was health education through lectures, discussions, and question-and-answer sessions. The activity was conducted through several stages, including opening, material delivery, evaluation, and closing sessions. A total of 11 women of reproductive age participated actively in the counseling session. The evaluation results indicated that more than 85% of participants were able to answer the questions provided after the material presentation, suggesting an improvement in understanding of anemia, its signs and symptoms, impacts, and the importance of implementing balanced nutrition in daily life as an effort to prevent anemia. Therefore, this counseling activity was considered effective in enhancing the knowledge of women of reproductive age regarding anemia prevention through balanced nutrition education.

Smoking is the activity of smoking smoke from the burning of tobacco in cigarettes, one end of the cigarette is burned and the smoke can be smoked through the mouth on the other end. If the amount or form of hemoglobin is abnormal, red blood cells cannot function properly in transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide. This can trigger various health problems, including anemia. From the results of this study, we can see that the average value or mean value of hemoglobin levels is 12.5 g/dL, the median value is 12.9 g/dL, the minimum value is 11.9 g/dL, and the maximum value is 16.2 g/dL. The results showed that most of the respondents had hemoglobin levels within normal limits. In detail, hemoglobin levels in the normal category were 23 respondents, low category was 1 respondent, and high category was 1 respondent. This shows that the majority of active smokers in Market VI of North Binjai Village still have normal hemoglobin levels, although smoking has the potential to affect oxygen transport capacity in the long term and increase the risk of health problems if it continues continuously.

Background: Anemia in pregnancy increases the risk of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality, with a higher incidence in the third trimester. Although Fe tablets serve as the main therapy, non-pharmacological alternatives such as beetroot and lemon juice also have the potential to raise hemoglobin levels. Objective: To determine the effect of consuming beetroot-lemon juice combined with Fe tablets on hemoglobin levels in third-trimester pregnant women in Semarang. Method: This study applied a quasi-experimental design with a two-group pre-test post-test approach, allowing the measurement of hemoglobin level changes before and after the intervention. The study population consisted of all pregnant women in their third trimester, with gestational ages between 32 and 38 weeks, registered at two community health centers: PMB Puji Widiastuti, Amd.Keb, with 16 anemic respondents, and PMB Ika Febri Setyaning Astuti, Str.Keb, with 15 anemic respondents. A total of 31 respondents were obtained using total sampling. Data collection was conducted through observation sheets, and analysis was performed using the Mann Whitney statistical test. Results: The intervention group, which consumed beetroot and lemon juice along with Fe tablets, achieved a Mean Rank of 13.41, whereas the control group recorded a Mean Rank of 18.77, with an effectiveness difference of 5.36. Statistical analysis yielded a p-value of 0.048, indicating a significant difference between the groups. In conclusion, the combination of beetroot and lemon juice with Fe tablets effectively increased hemoglobin levels among third-trimester pregnant women with anemia. This finding suggests that such combination therapy can serve as a valuable alternative in the management of anemia during pregnancy.

Globally, 33% of all productive women aged 15-49 have anemia problems. Anemia is a condition where there is a deficit of erythrocyte cells, which is often found in all age groups, including women of childbearing age (WUS) and young women, namely 29% of young women and non-pregnant women and 38% of pregnant women have problems with anemia. This research aims to determine the effect of giving papaya fruit to young women who suffer from anemia on increasing hemoglobin in the work area of the Jabi Village Community Health Center, Batam City in 2024. This research was conducted using the Pre-Experiment method using the One Group Pretest Posttest Design approach. The sample for this research was 16 young women. The results of this study showed that the majority of young women experienced moderate anemia, as many as 10 young women (62.5%). After giving papaya to young women for 10 days, it was found that the majority of young women were not anemic, as many as 10 young women (62.5%). Based on the results of the Paired Sample T Test statistical test, show that the p-value is 0.000 < 0.05, so it can be concluded that there is an effect of giving papaya fruit to young women who experience anemia on increasing hemoglobin in the working area of the Jabi Village Community Health Center, Batam City in 2024. It is hoped that the Health workforce can minimize anemia in young women by giving them papaya.

Background: Anemia is one of the public health problems commonly found among adolescent girls, especially in developing countries like Indonesia. This condition affects concentration, academic performance, and productivity, making early detection an essential step to prevent long-term complications. Objective: This study aims to determine the results of early detection of anemia based on clinical symptoms and hemoglobin (Hb) levels among adolescent girls at SMPN 18 Palembang. Methods: This research used a descriptive design with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 132 seventh-grade female students were selected randomly. Data were collected through an anemia symptom questionnaire and hemoglobin level measurement using a hemoglobinometer. Results: The study found that 23.5% of respondents were anemic (Hb < 12 g/dL), and 48.5% showed symptoms of anemia. However, the sensitivity of symptoms in detecting anemia was only 39%, specificity was 19%, with a positive predictive value (PPV) of 60.93% and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 8.82%. Conclusion: Based on the findings, symptom-based detection alone is not sufficiently accurate to diagnose anemia. Hemoglobin level examination is still required as a more valid and objective screening method for the early detection of anemia in adolescent girls In addition to medical intervention, the study advocates for increased awareness and education about anemia, its causes, and prevention methods among students, parents, and educators. Addressing nutritional deficiencies, especially iron intake, through dietary improvements and supplementation is essential in combating anemia in adolescent girls.

Maternal mortality remains a challenge in Indonesia, and one contributing factor is chronic malnutrition (CED), which impacts pregnancy, childbirth, the postpartum period, and the newborn. The 2022 registration report shows that of the 3,249,203 pregnant women whose MUAC was measured, 283,833 had a MUAC of less than 23.5 cm (at risk of CED), meaning 8.7% of these pregnant women were at risk of CED. In the Brebes area, the 2022 report recorded 3,475 pregnant women with CED. At the Bantarkawung Community Health Center in 2023, there were 36 cases of preeclampsia, 22 cases of transverse lie, 107 cases of CED, and anemia. Objective: Provide comprehensive midwifery care in accordance with standards of care for pregnant women, women giving birth, newborns, postpartum women, and family planning. Research method: Qualitative descriptive method, the type of research approach used in this study is a comprehensive case study approach. Results: Comprehensive care was provided to Mrs. R who suffered from chronic energy deficiency, and was successfully overcome. Delivery was carried out by caesarean section, the baby was born normally, and the postpartum period went smoothly, and the mother chose a contraceptive method, namely a three-monthly birth control injection. Conclusion: Comprehensive obstetric care has been proven effective in overcoming chronic energy deficiency, ensuring a safe delivery, a normal baby born, a normal postpartum period, and compliance with contraceptive methods.

Anemia is a medical condition characterized by a lower-than-normal number of red blood cells or hemoglobin levels in the blood. This results in a reduced ability of the blood to carry oxygen throughout the body. Consequently, individuals with anemia may experience various symptoms such as fatigue, dizziness, and shortness of breath. The main causes of anemia are generally due to a lack of knowledge about this condition and deficiencies in nutrients such as iron.The purpose of this study is to determine the level of knowledge among ninth-grade female students regarding the prevention of anemia and their ability to prevent it. This study uses a descriptive research method, focusing on describing the level of knowledge of ninth-grade female students about the prevention of anemia.The study uses the Total Sampling method as the sampling technique, which means that all members of the population are included as respondents. Therefore, the number of respondents in this study is equal to the total population of female students, which are 54 individuals. Data collection is conducted using a closed-ended questionnaire consisting of 20 items covering indicators such as the definition of anemia, its etiology, signs and symptoms, treatment, and prevention.The results of the study show that knowledge regarding the definition of anemia is in the good category for 35 respondents (64.8%), knowledge about etiology is in the fair category for 35 respondents (64.8%), knowledge of signs and symptoms was in the fair category for 45 respondents (83.3%), knowledge about treatment is in the good category for 33 respondents (61.1%), and knowledge of prevention is in the fair category for 32 respondents (59.3%).It is hoped that by increasing the knowledge of ninth-grade female students about the prevention of anemia, schools and health workers can work together to carry out regular health education.

Anemia in pregnant women can increase the risk of bleeding during labor. Therefore, early detection is crucial for preventing potential complications and preventing anemia during pregnancy. One way to empower pregnant women in this effort is through community service activities. This community service activity is a collaboration between STIKes Mitra Husada Medan and a practice in Bangun Rejo Village, Tanjung Morawa. Anemia can affect pregnant women at various stages of pregnancy. Therefore, this community service program is implemented in the form of a pregnancy class aimed at preventing and early detection of anemia. The target group includes pregnant women in their first, second, and third trimesters, with the hope of increasing their knowledge about anemia, thus creating physically and emotionally healthy mothers-to-be. The results of the community service program indicate positive changes following the community service, including an increased understanding of the symptoms of anemia, preventive measures, and active participation in early detection of anemia during pregnancy.

Thalassemia is a genetic disorder characterized by impaired hemoglobin synthesis. This disease is caused by mutations in the globin gene, leading to disrupted production of globin chains. As a result, the red blood cells produced are dysfunctional and have a shorter lifespan, causing anemia. This condition requires proper medical management, including blood transfusions and other treatments. One way to detect and monitor the progression of thalassemia is by using biochemical markers that can identify changes in the patient’s body. Therefore, the aim of this systematic literature review is to identify biochemical markers that can be used for the diagnosis and monitoring of thalassemia. The literature used in this study includes articles on human thalassemia research published in the last 10 years. Literature searches were conducted in several academic databases using relevant keywords such as “biochemical markers for thalassemia,” “diagnosis of thalassemia,” and “thalassemia monitoring.” Based on the search results, several biochemical markers related to thalassemia were identified, including hepcidin, ferritin, and lipid profile. Ferritin plays a role in monitoring iron levels, which are often elevated in thalassemia patients, while hepcidin regulates iron homeostasis in the body. Additionally, other components involved in thalassemia diagnosis and monitoring include Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV), Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH), Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC), and hemoglobin levels. The findings of this systematic literature review are expected to provide a comprehensive overview of biochemical markers that can be used in the diagnosis and monitoring of thalassemia. By identifying relevant markers, it is hoped that more accurate and effective diagnostic methods will be developed in the future, leading to better monitoring of thalassemia patients.

Background: Anemia during pregnancy remains a major public health concern in Indonesia, contributing to increased maternal and fetal morbidity. Iron supplementation often faces challenges in compliance and side effects, prompting the need for natural alternatives. Natural honey has been shown to help increase hemoglobin levels due to its iron, folate, and antioxidant content. Objective: This community service aimed to educate pregnant women on the benefits and utilization of natural honey as a complementary strategy to prevent anemia. Method: The activity was conducted at PMB CH Mala in Palembang City using health education sessions, demonstrations, and distribution of printed educational materials. Participants' knowledge and hemoglobin levels were assessed pre- and post-intervention using a questionnaire and digital hemoglobinometer. The intervention lasted for 2 weeks, with honey consumption recommended at 2 tablespoons daily. Results: There was a notable improvement in participants' knowledge about anemia and the role of honey. Preliminary observations also showed a slight increase in hemoglobin levels among pregnant women who regularly consumed honey during the intervention period. Conclusion: Educational intervention on the use of natural honey proved effective in improving knowledge and potentially supporting anemia prevention among pregnant women. Further studies are recommended to evaluate long-term outcomes and larger-scale implementation.

Anemia remains one of the leading public health issues among adolescent girls in Indonesia, including in Pidie District. Insufficient iron intake and low awareness and knowledge of anemia are major contributors to its high prevalence. Health education is recognized as an effective strategy to improve adolescents’ understanding of anemia.Objective: This study aimed to assess the effect of health education on increasing knowledge about anemia among adolescent girls at MTsN VI Pidie, Pidie District.Methods: A quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design (one-group pretest-posttest) was employed. A total of 30 first-grade female students from MTsN VI Pidie were selected through purposive sampling. The intervention involved the delivery of health education on anemia via an educational video. Knowledge levels were measured before and after the intervention using pretest and posttest questionnaires. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and paired t-test.Results: The analysis showed a statistically significant improvement in the participants’ knowledge following the intervention. The average posttest scores were notably higher than the pretest scores, indicating a positive effect of the health education intervention (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Digital media-based health education is effective in enhancing knowledge about anemia among adolescent girls. This approach is recommended for broader implementation in adolescent health promotion programs, particularly in the prevention of anemia

The cases of maternal mortality Bogor city in 2022 caused anemia were found to be 30.77%. The purpose the study to determine the relationship between Knowledge, Age, Parity, and History Fe tablet consumption with the incidence of anemia in pregnant women PMB Muthia, Amd.keb Cilendek Barat Bogor Barat, Bogor City in 2024. Research with quantitative approach, cross-sectional design. The sample selected using  total sampling technique. Data collected through questionnaires and medical records consisting 42 respondents. variables of knowledge, parity, age, history Fe tablet consumption, and anemia. The research data were interpreted using Chi Square. Based on the calculation results, was found that among 42 respondents, those with poor knowledge more prevalent the non-anemic group, with 8 people (100.0%), compared anemic group, with 24 people (70.6%). Based on calculation results obtained from 42 respondents, those with age and parity were at greater risk anemia group with 12 people (35.3%) compared to the non-anemia group with 0 people (0.0%). Based calculation results obtained from 42 respondents, those with a history of Fe tablet consumption had higher risk in the anemia group, with 19 people (55.9%) compared non-anemia group, with 3 people (37.5%). There relationship between parity, maternal age, and incidence anemia.

Anemia in pregnant women is one of the contributing factors to stunting in toddlers. The consumption of iron (Fe) tablets by pregnant women requires supervision from family members to support the success of the stunting reduction program in Bangli Regency. Iron tablet intervention in pregnant women has been proven to reduce the risk of complications, lower the incidence of low birth weight in infants, and decrease maternal mortality during childbirth. This study used a cross-sectional survey design, involving 48 pregnant women. Data collection was conducted using total sampling during the period from January 2024 to January 2025 at Kintamani IV Public Health Center. Bivariate data analysis was carried out using the chi-square test. The results of the study showed that 68% of pregnant women experienced mild anemia. Most pregnancies were in the third trimester (39%), and 43% of the participants were in their first pregnancy. The majority of the pregnant women had good knowledge levels. There was a significant relationship between pregnant women’s knowledge and their adherence to consuming iron tablets, with a p-value of 0.019. The odds ratio (OR = 5.014) indicated that pregnant women with good knowledge were five times more likely to adhere to iron tablet consumption compared to those with limited knowledge. Support and monitoring of the nutritional status of pregnant women are essential to reduce the incidence of low birth weight and stunting among toddlers in Selulung Village, Kintamani District.  

Anemia is a medical condition characterized by a decrease in the number of red blood cells (erythrocytes) or hemoglobin (Hb) levels in the blood which results in impaired oxygen transport to body tissues. Mild anemia is more common and is asymptomatic and does not require treatment. Anemia can have a negative impact on endurance, productivity, and is high risk during pregnancy because it can affect fetal growth and development, increase the risk of pregnancy and childbirth complications, and even maternal and child death. The Community Service (PKM) activity carried out at the Asisi Church, Tebet District aims to increase public awareness of the importance of early detection of anemia through hemoglobin and hematocrit screening activities. This activity uses the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) approach which includes capillary blood tests with Point-of-Care Testing (POCT) tools and education about symptoms, risk factors, and prevention of anemia. Of the 68 participants involved, 40 people (58.82%) were identified as having anemia, while 28 people (41.18%) had normal hemoglobin levels. These results emphasize the importance of early anemia screening to prevent long-term complications and build public awareness of the importance of maintaining optimal hemoglobin levels to support ongoing health and quality of life.   Keywords: Anemia, Early Detection, Hemoglobin, Hematocrit, Screening

Anemia is a common health problem among adolescent girls, which can affect their growth and development. Thi study aims to identify factors that influence the occurrence of anemia in adolescent girls. Both biological and environmental factors contribute to anemia. The method used was a comprehensive literature review, by collecting data from various relevant sources including journals and research reports. The result emphasized the importance of knowledge about adolescent girls health, as well as lack of iron consumtion, irregular sleep patterns and long-duration or irregular menstruation, so there is a need for education n each village to reduce the risk of anemia in adolescent girls. The conclusion of this study shows that the impact of anemia  affects physical health, quality of life, productivity and social well-being. Addressing anemia should be a priority in public health policy.

Anemia is a hematological disorder that is often not recognized in the adult age group. One lifestyle factor that can affect hemoglobin and hematocrit levels is the consumption of tea or coffee with meals, because the tannin and polyphenol content inhibits the absorption of non-heme iron. Early detection of hemoglobin and hematocrit levels accompanied by education about eating and drinking habits is an important strategy in preventing anemia. This screening activity is carried out using the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) approach. Examination of hemoglobin and hematocrit levels is carried out using Point-of-Care Testing (POCT) from capillary blood. Education is provided to all participants through leaflets and group counseling regarding the effect of tea and coffee consumption on iron absorption. A total of 91 participants took part in this activity, consisting of 39.6% men and 60.4% women, with an average age of 47.4 years. The average hemoglobin was recorded at 11.2 ± 1.6 g/dL and hematocrit at 33.0 ± 4.7%. As many as 42.9% of participants experienced anemia based on hemoglobin levels below normal values ​​according to gender. Hemoglobin and hematocrit examinations successfully identified a significant proportion of individuals at risk of anemia. Education on the right time to consume tea or coffee and increasing consumption of foods rich in iron and vitamin C are preventive interventions that can be applied to maintain optimal hematological status.   Keywords: Hemoglobin, Hematocrit, Anemia, Iron, Tea, Coffee, Diet

Background: The urgency of adolescent reproductive health problems that have not been resolved is cases of unwanted pregnancies (Dr.Fitriana, 2023). Based on a preliminary study conducted for approximately 1 week, it was found at the Paris 2 Community Health Center that pregnancy cases increased by as much as 29% of young women in Pontianak City experienced symptoms of blood deficiency or anemia. According to the Head of the Pontianak City Department of Health (Dinkes), Saptiko, suffering from anemia will have an impact on the pregnancy readiness of young women, after conducting a data survey, the highest number of teenagers experiencing anemia was at Muhammadiyah 1 High School, Pontianak City. Research Method: The research design is Pre-Experimental Design with One Group Pretest-Posttest Control group design. The research sample consists of 78 people who will be given video educational media. The instrument used in the research was a knowledge questionnaire about reproductive health. The sampling technique used was simple random sampling. Analysis uses t test with α ≤ 0.05. Research Results: The results of this research obtained an average knowledge before 70.39 and after 86.73. The results of increasing knowledge before and after are 16.34. The Wilcoxon test results obtained p value = 0.000 < 0.05. Conclusion: There is a difference in the provision of video-based educational media on the level of knowledge of adolescents regarding reproductive health at SMA Muhammadiyah Pontianak.

Anemia in pregnancy is a condition of pregnant women with hemoglobin (Hb) levels <11 mg/dL in the first and third trimesters while in the second trimester Hb levels <10.5 mg/dL and can be a major cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. One of the causes of anemia in pregnancy is chronic energy deficiency (CED). This study aims to analyze the relationship between chronic energy deficiency and anemia in the first trimester of pregnancy. This research method is observational analytic with a cross-sectional design. The number of samples was 91 respondents with a total sampling technique. The independent variable is chronic energy deficiency. The dependent variable is anemia in pregnant women. The instrument used was a maternal cohort register. Data analysis used the Spearman Rank statistical test. The results of the study were obtained from 91 respondents who experienced chronic energy deficiency as many as 12 people. Of these, 7 mothers (58.3%) experienced anemia and 5 mothers (41.7%) did not experience anemia. Based on the results of the Spearman Rank statistical test, a significance value of 0.000 was obtained, a correlation coefficient of 0.590 with a positive direction, which means that there is a significant relationship between chronic energy deficiency and the occurrence of anemia in the first trimester of pregnancy with a fairly close relationship and a positive relationship direction. It is hoped that women of childbearing age will pay more attention to nutritional intake in order to prevent the occurrence of chronic energy deficiency as a cause of anemia during pregnancy.

Approximately 40% of pregnant women worldwide experience anemia. Anemia during pregnancy can cause various serious complications, including premature birth, low birth weight, and even increase the risk of maternal and infant death. Complementary therapy can be an alternative for preventing and treating anemia in pregnant women. This study aims to review research articles related to complementary therapy that can be used to treat anemia in pregnant women. Literature searches through academic databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed and ScienceDirect. Literature selection was carried out based on inclusion criteria (scientific articles in the last 5 years, English/Indonesian, relevant topics) and exclusion (irrelevant articles, no abstract/full-text). Interventions such as acupuncture, yoga, traditional herbs, moringa leaves, spinach and beetroot juice can be safe and natural solutions to increase hemoglobin levels. The selection of the appropriate method can be adjusted according to individual preferences, accessibility, and the level of anemia experienced.