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Banda Aceh City has high vulnerability to tsunamis due to its coastal location directly facing the sea and being situated in an active tectonic zone. This study evaluates the spatial distribution of tsunami risk and assesses coastal conditions as disaster mitigation efforts using a mixed-method approach that combines quantitative analysis based on Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and qualitative analysis through field surveys and expert assessments. Three beaches were selected as study locations: Ulee Lheue Beach, Syiah Kuala Beach, and Alue Naga Beach, with risk assessment calculated using the formula Risk = (H × V) / C according to the BNPB framework and overlay techniques in GIS to create risk distribution maps. Coastal condition evaluation focused on coastal vegetation and protective coastal structures assessed using an ordinal scale of 1–5. Results show that Ulee Lheue Beach has the highest mitigation capacity with a score of 64.5% (good category), Syiah Kuala Beach reaches 57.5% (fairly good), while Alue Naga Beach has the lowest score of 28.3% (poor). Correlation analysis yielded a coefficient of r = 0.97, indicating a very strong positive relationship between coastal vegetation and protective coastal structures. Therefore, the study recommends strengthening mitigation strategies through improved protective infrastructure and optimization of coastal vegetation functions, particularly in high-risk areas, to reduce tsunami impacts in the future.

Guaranteeing the geotechnical stability of slopes is an absolute prerequisite for the sustainability of open pit mining operations, considering the potential for multidimensional losses due to slope failure. The specific geological conditions at PIT B1 PT. Pancaran Surya Abadi, which is composed of sedimentary rocks (coal, sandstone, and claystone), are susceptible to degradation and softening, especially due to high rainfall that causes an increase in pore water pressure and a decrease in rock shear strength. This study aims to analyze the stability of highwall slopes using the Morgenstern-Price Method to determine the Safety Factor (SFF) value according to Ministerial Decree number 1827 K/30/MEM/2018, and continued with a semi-quantitative risk analysis. The analysis results show that the initial slope has a static SFF of 0.77 (Not Safe). After redesign, the recommended optimal single slope geometry is: sandstone (Height 5 m, Angle 20°, Berm 5 m) and claystone (Height 10 m, Angle 60°, Berm 5 m). This redesign resulted in a FK of 1.34 (Safe). Sensitivity analysis to groundwater level rise (GTL) showed that the GTL value remained safe (GTL ≥1.30) up to a 30% increase in GTL. However, a 40% to 80% increase in GTL caused the GTL to decrease (1.28–1.21), classified as Medium Risk. A 100% increase in GTL drastically reduced the GTL to 1.05, classified as High Risk. This study emphasizes the need for close monitoring and additional drainage to maintain the long-term stability of slopes under the influence of rainfall.  

This study aims to analyze the risks and mitigation strategies applied to the Saqura product at BMT Bahtera KC Purwokerto. Saqura is a special sharia-based savings product intended for financing aqiqah and qurban worship with a weekly deposit system. This study used a qualitative descriptive method through observation, structured interviews, and documentation. The results showed that the main risks faced include liquidity, operational, reputation, sharia, fund distribution, and external risks. However, the risk level at the Purwokerto branch is still relatively low due to strict management and a routine monitoring system. Mitigation is carried out through the application of the 5C principle (Character, Capacity, Capital, Collateral, Condition), HR training, sharia audits, and cash management and active communication with members. In conclusion, BMT Bahtera KC Purwokerto has good growth potential with effective risk management, supporting the sustainability of the Saqura product and member trust in sharia financial services.                                                            

Working at heights refers to performing tasks in elevated locations, which pose a risk of injury to workers in the event of a fall. To reduce the number of accidents caused by working at heights, one of the necessary steps is conducting hazard and risk assessments using the Job Safety Analysis (JSA) method. JSA is an analytical method used to identify hazards at the workplace and find ways to reduce the risks of accidents. The purpose of this study is to assess the completeness of safety equipment for working at heights, to explain hazard identification, to analyze risks in building structure work, to determine criteria and hazard assessments, and to understand risk control in building structure, plumbing, and electrical work according to the Job Safety Analysis (JSA) method in healthcare facility buildings in Semarang. The results of the study show that the risk level, calculated using the Risk Rating Number (RRN), for all potential hazards in structure, plumbing, and electrical work, reveals the following: for structure work, three hazards fall into the extreme category (43.84%), one hazard falls into the high category (16.44%), four hazards fall into the medium category (39.73%), and no hazards fall into the low category (0%); for plumbing work, three hazards fall into the extreme category (38.55%), one hazard falls into the high category (14.46%), five hazards fall into the medium category (46.99%), and no hazards fall into the low category (0%); and for electrical work, three hazards fall into the extreme category (44.74%), three hazards fall into the high category (31.58%), three hazards fall into the medium category (21.05%), and one hazard falls into the low category (2.63%).

This study aims to analyze the financial risk of PT Smartfren Telecom Tbk during the 2014–2023 period, focusing on both short-term and long-term liquidity aspects. The analysis employs financial ratios as measurement tools to assess the company’s financial stability and its ability to fulfill financial obligations within their respective time frames. The ratios used include the current ratio, quick ratio, interest coverage ratio, and cash flow-to-debt ratio. The results indicate that the company faces significant challenges in maintaining short-term liquidity, as reflected in the consistently low values of the current and quick ratios throughout the observation period. This condition suggests a limited ability of the company to meet its short-term obligations using available assets. In terms of long-term liquidity, although there are efforts to strengthen the capital structure, the company still encounters difficulties in meeting its long-term debt obligations. This is evident from the low interest coverage ratio and cash flow-to-debt ratio. Therefore, improving operational efficiency, implementing more effective cash management, and undertaking financial restructuring are essential measures to strengthen the company’s liquidity position sustainably.

The Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) methodology is a qualitative risk analysis technique commonly used to detect potential work hazards. CV. Suryadi Sentosa, also known as Bapak Suryadi's Home Tempe Industry, is a home-based business that produces tempeh. Almost all of the production procedures are still carried out manually, and occupational accident analysis measures have not been implemented. The factory conditions indicate inadequate lighting and ventilation, as well as relatively slippery floors. It is also observed that the industry workers do not pay much attention to their posture, and they do not use personal protective equipment (PPE). This research was conducted directly at the CV. Suryadi Sentosa Tempe Factory, using interviews and observations of seven workers involved in the production process. The steps taken in this study are compiling the sequence of the production process. By using a Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) worksheet, identify potential risks, conduct risk control analysis, monitor and evaluate, implement improvements, and draw conclusions. The analysis found 9 stages of tempeh production at Mr. Suryadi's facility. Several improvements are needed, including involving several workers to handle soybean processing, creating ventilation to provide good and healthy air circulation for workers, adding lighting as a light source so that workers can perform their tasks comfortably, and using ergonomic chairs and work tables to prevent fatigue and increase factory productivity.

Each workplace has a different potential risk of work accidents depending on the type of industry, technology used, and risk control efforts undertaken by the company. Work accidents are generally caused by two main factors: unsafe acts by humans and unsafe working conditions. In this context, occupational safety and health (K3) is an important aspect that must be implemented in every company to protect workers from hazards that can cause losses, both physical and work productivity. Law No. 13 of 2003 concerning Manpower mandates that every worker has the right to occupational safety protection. This study focuses on UD. Fuad Las Jaya, a company engaged in construction and welding services. This company has a fairly high potential for work accidents considering the type of work performed. Based on employee attendance data in 2025, there is a level of discipline that can be related to working conditions and perceived safety. The severity of accidents is classified into three categories: light, moderate, and severe, which indicates the importance of implementing an effective K3 system. It is hoped that consistent awareness and implementation of K3 will create a safe, healthy, and productive work environment, as well as reduce the number of work accidents in the construction sector.

The rapid growth of information technology has driven digital transformation in various sectors, including micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs), the backbone of the Indonesian economy. In response to the challenges and opportunities of digitalization, the Surabaya City Government launched the Peken e-commerce platform on October 31, 2021. This platform aims to help MSMEs market their products online, expand market reach, and increase competitiveness. However, the use of digital systems also presents new challenges, particularly in terms of cybersecurity. Dependence on technology opens the door to various threats that can compromise data confidentiality, integrity, and availability. This study aims to analyze and evaluate information security risks on the Peken Surabaya website using a risk management approach based on the ISO/IEC 27005:2019 standard. The analysis method involves identifying information assets, recognizing potential threats, identifying vulnerabilities, and assessing risk levels based on the likelihood of occurrence and impact. To support the analysis, technical testing was also conducted using the Open Web Application Security Project Zed Attack Proxy (OWASP ZAP) tool. The research results indicate that most of the risks faced by Peken Surabaya are moderate to very high. These risks include Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks, user data leaks, and the lack of a two-factor authentication (2FA) system. Based on these findings, a risk management strategy was developed using the Risk Modification, Risk Sharing, Risk Retention, and Risk Avoidance approaches. Furthermore, this study recommends security controls based on ISO/IEC 27005 and OWASP Top 10 to enhance system protection. These findings emphasize the importance of implementing international standards-based risk management in maintaining the continuity and security of digital public services, particularly those supporting the MSME sector in the digital era.

This study aims to analyze the failure risks of UV digital printing machines used at PT XYZ using the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) method. In the digital printing industry, the continuity of machine operations heavily depends on effective maintenance to prevent downtime that could disrupt the production process. The FMEA method is employed to identify potential failure modes and evaluate the severity, occurrence, and detection of each failure. This research adopts a quantitative approach, with data collected through observations, interviews, and historical documentation. The analysis reveals that the printhead, cooling system, and UV lamp are the components with the highest Risk Priority Numbers (RPN), at 504, 441, and 288 respectively. Based on these findings, it is recommended that preventive and predictive maintenance strategies be enhanced to avoid recurring failures.

International business contracts are the main tool in global trade activities. However, the complexity of laws between countries gives rise to various legal risks that can be detrimental to corporations. In practice, differences in national legal systems, inappropriate choice of law, jurisdictional uncertainty, and differences in interpretation of contract clauses are often the main causes of disputes. Legal risks can also arise due to non-compliance with local laws, changes in government policies, and force majeure conditions that are not adequately anticipated in contracts. This study aims to analyze the types of legal risks in international business contracts and mitigation strategies that can be applied by corporations. This study uses a normative legal approach method with data collection techniques through literature studies of international regulations, doctrines, and practices. The results of the study indicate that differences in legal systems, jurisdictional uncertainty, and force majeure and arbitration clauses are crucial issues that must be anticipated strategically. The application of the principle of prudence in drafting contracts and the selection of appropriate laws and dispute resolution forums are the keys to the success of legal risk mitigation.    

The study aims to analyze the occupational safety and environmental health risks due to aircraft painting at the Hangar of PT. XYZ. The study is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach. The results of the study are the analysis of occupational safety risks seen from occupational safety risks and risk control. Occupational safety risks in aircraft painting activities at PT. XYZ are divided into several parts, namely (1) Exposure to hazardous chemicals is included in the high category; (2) The risk of work accidents is included in the moderate category; (3) Equipment damage is included in the low category; and (4) Fire is included in the low category. Risk control can be carried out by (1) Increasing strict supervision of the aircraft painting process; (2) Conducting appropriate occupational safety training for workers; (3) Using PPE; (4) Using adequate safety equipment; and (5) Carrying out proper equipment maintenance. The analysis of environmental health risks is seen from environmental health risks, sources of risk and risk control. Environmental health risks are divided into several parts, namely (1) Air pollution is included in the moderate category; (2) Soil and water contamination is included in the moderate category; and (3) Environmental damage is included in the moderate category. Sources of environmental health risks are the use of hazardous chemicals and painting waste. Risk control can be done by carrying out strict supervision, using safe chemicals and proper waste management.

Kegiatan perawatan pelampung suar di wilayah kerja Distrik Navigasi Tipe A Kelas I Tanjung Perak memiliki tingkat risiko kecelakaan kerja yang tinggi, mengingat aktivitas ini melibatkan pekerjaan fisik berat serta kondisi lapangan yang dinamis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis risiko kecelakaan kerja menggunakan metode Job Safety Analysis (JSA), yang berfungsi untuk mengidentifikasi potensi bahaya serta menetapkan langkah pengendalian yang sesuai. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode deskriptif observasional. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi lapangan dan penyebaran kuesioner kepada 40 responden, yang dipilih berdasarkan teori Arikunto. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 13 jenis potensi kecelakaan kerja selama proses perawatan pelampung suar berlangsung. Dari jumlah tersebut, 9 termasuk dalam kategori risiko tidak diinginkan dan 4 lainnya dalam kategori dapat diterima dengan kontrol. Pengendalian risiko dilakukan melalui penerapan rekayasa teknik, pendekatan administratif, penggunaan alat pelindung diri (APD), serta eliminasi bahaya langsung dari sumbernya. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa analisis risiko merupakan bagian penting dalam sistem manajemen keselamatan kerja di bidang navigasi laut.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kegiatan yang menimbulkan kecelakaan kerja sesuai dengan tingkatan risiko serta mengetahui cara pengendalian untuk menurunkan nilai risiko tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dan dengan metode kuisioner. Populasi dari penelitian ini ialah seluruh pekerja dan pengawas dalam proyek terkait. Menggunakan teknik non random sampling yang menghasilkan sejumlah 10 responden sebagai sampel. Teknik analisis data menggunakan aplikasi Microsoft Excel. Terdapat sebanyak 14 pekerjaan dengan total 114 item risiko pekerjaan. Setelah dilakukan pengendalian pada masing-masing item risiko, didapatkan perubahan nilai risiko yang semula terdapat 110 item resiko tingkat rendah dan 4 item risiko tingkat sedang menjadi 112 item risiko tingkat rendah dan 2 item risiko tingkat sedang. Sedangkan pada tingkat risiko tinggi dan ekstrim tidak terdefinisikan oleh item risiko dalam penelitian ini. Metode pengendalian yang dapat dilakukan untuk menurunkan nilai risiko yaitu aspek pengendalian terhadap pekerja, komunikasi, serta pengendalian terhadap alat dan lokasi kerja. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, disimpulkan bahwa dengan penerapan SOP K3 yang baik dan benar dapat meminimalisir kecelakaan kerja. Penelitian selanjutnya dapat mengambil populasi dan sampel dengan jangkauan yang lebih luas untuk mendapatkan sampel yang lebih banyak dan beragam.

In the current era of globalization, information technology is developing rapidly. As for technology, which is equipment created to make human work easier, when achieving good progress in the work process of PT Plaza Auto Prima, it is absolutely necessary to have a technique that supports and provides satisfactory service for customers. Based on this, the author tries to analyze a method used when employees work in the Plaza Auto Prima environment regarding the work ergonomics they currently apply at PT Plaza Auto Prima, which to date has not seen any improvement. The method used is direct observation and assessment of work posture using the REBA method. The research subjects were mechanics who worked in the installation or removal of car wheels. The data obtained is analyzed to determine the REBA score and the level of risk faced by workers. The research results show that the mechanical work posture at PT Plaza Auto Prima (Toyota) Tendean has significant problems. Analysis using the REBA method produces a final score of 8, which indicates a high risk level and requires immediate improvement. Factors that contribute to this high risk include the lack of ideal work ergonomics and limited supporting equipment. This increases the risk of injury and illness to the worker's body in the future. After improvements were made by adding trolley service tools, the way of working became more ergonomic so that the REBA score dropped to 2, which shows that some of the movements carried out were in the safe category or did not cause muscle injuries in the future. Therefore, the presence of bodily abnormalities that arise from work cannot be separated from the existence of supporting equipment to facilitate the removal of certain parts so as not to cause abnormal bodily effects. Planning for the procurement of a particular tool needs to be done as soon as possible so that workers do not suffer the effects of bodily abnormalities. In this way, the author took analytical steps using the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) method, which is the best solution to solve the problems that exist in this company to support workers so they can work all the time without any complaints about their bodies.

Workshop PT. XYZ is a part of a company that carries out activities in the field of maintenance and repair, especially hydraulic, pneumatic and lubrication equipment. These workshop activities include welding activities, operating machine tools and other mechanical work. This study aims to determine the value of the potential risk of occupational hazards and the level of risk of potential occupational hazards at PT. XYZ in the workshop area. This study uses an approach with the HIRA (Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment) method to determine the value of the risk of occupational hazards and the level of risk of potential occupational hazards. The results obtained by using HIRA (hazard identification and risk assessment) were obtained as many as 29 risks which were classified based on potential hazards, namely 28% extreme risk, 41% high risk, moderate risk of 31% and there is no low risk. Improvement recommendations are made based on the level of extreme risk (extreme risk) and high risk (high risk) to prevent and reduce the level of risk of work accidents in the workshop area, while for the moderate risk level, the mitigation recommendation is to supervise the work and make an SWI (simplified working instruction) to make it easier for workers to understand safe and correct work procedures.

This research aims to analyze the risk of work accidents at PT Sermani Steel Corporation using the Failure Mode Effect Analysis (FMEA) method. This method is applied to identify potential hazards in the production process of zinc coated steel, such as hollow, C channel, and battens. Data were collected through questionnaires, observations, and interviews, then processed to calculate the Risk Priority Number (RPN). The results showed that the highest risk was found in zinc machine production activities, with an RPN value of 321.6, mainly related to the risk of being cut by products or product debris. Based on Pareto and Fishbone Diagram analysis, the main causes of accidents are human, machine, method, and environmental factors. The conclusions emphasize the importance of OHS training, installation of signs and indicator lights on machines, and close supervision to minimize the risk of accidents. The recommendations provided are expected to reduce work accidents by 38% of the total accidents that occur in the production area.

Makalah ini menyajikan audit terhadap aplikasi Sirekap yang dikembangkan oleh Komisi Pemilihan Umum (KPU) untuk menilai keamanan dan efisiensi sistem. Penelitian ini menyelidiki latar belakang dan pentingnya sistem Sirekap dalam proses pemilu, dengan tujuan mengidentifikasi potensi kerentanan dan menilai kinerja sistem. Menggunakan kombinasi metodologi analisis risiko dan pengujian sistem, studi ini mengungkapkan beberapa kekuatan dan kelemahan dalam aplikasi tersebut. Temuan penelitian ini menyoroti perlunya perbaikan untuk meningkatkan langkah-langkah keamanan dan efisiensi operasional aplikasi. Implikasi dari penelitian ini memberikan kerangka kerja untuk perbaikan di masa depan dan memastikan keandalan sistem dalam mendukung pemilu yang adil dan efektif.

The background of this research focuses on the importance of OHS in the manufacture field, especially considering the high number of work accidents reported by BPJS Ketenagakerjaan. This research aims to identify and assess the risk of hazards at PT Bumi Sarana Beton using Hazard Identification Risk Assessment Determining Control (HIRADC) and provide solutions to reduce work accidents. The HIRADC method is used to identify hazards, assess risks, and determine appropriate controls in accordance with the AS/NZS 4360: 2004 standard. The results showed that the production work area has several high risks such as pinching, respiratory distress, and slipping. Effective risk control implementation is expected to improve work safety and productivity. These findings have important implications for the management of PT Bumi Sarana Beton to improve OHS policies and provide adequate training and protective equipment for workers. In addition, this research is also expected to be a reference for other industries in implementing OHS optimally to reduce the risk of work accidents and improve workers' welfare

The high competition in the property industry requires companies to maintain high occupational safety and health (K3) standards. Data from the engineering division of PT Gaia Care International shows that in the period January-November 2023 there were 11 work accidents, with the majority being minor accidents and one fatal case. This study aims to identify potential risk hazards, analyze risk levels, and determine appropriate risk control measures.  The HIRARC method is used in three stages: Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, and Risk Control. The results showed that there were various potential hazards such as electrocution, falling from stairs, and exposure to chemicals. The risk assessment classified 5 work activities as low risk, 43 as medium risk, and 2 as high risk and no extreme risk was found. Risk control efforts are carried out using fishbone diagrams and 5W+1H techniques to reduce or eliminate existing risks.  This research is expected to provide benefits for companies in reducing the number of work accidents and become a reference in implementing better OHS policies, as well as providing additional insight for readers regarding the importance of risk analysis in creating a safe and healthy work environment.    

Vehicle electrification is becoming a growing trend in the transportation industry due to environmental concerns. Therefore, various global efforts are being made to develop electric-driven ships using environmentally friendly energy sources such as batteries. In the implementation of electric and solar-powered shipbuilding, there is always the potential for delays in completion. This is very detrimental to shipyard owners and even ship owners because it is not to the initial plan. Shipyard owners and shipowners must bear greater or unexpected costs due to delays in work. Other risks also have the potential to arise when electric and solar-powered ships are completed until operation. Delays in the completion of electric and solar-powered shipbuilding can be caused by various things. Through this research, the risk analysis of the development of the electric and solar-powered ship industry is discussed in terms of several aspects, namely market, legal, technical, socio-economic environmental, and financial aspects.