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Early reading skills are fundamental competencies that must be mastered by elementary school students, as they serve as the foundation for future academic success. However, conventional teacher-centered instruction often fails to maximize students’ active engagement in learning. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the Project Based Learning model assisted by mind mapping media in improving the early reading skills of second-grade elementary students. This research employed a quantitative approach with an experimental design. The participants were second-grade students who received instruction through the Project Based Learning model assisted by mind mapping media. Data were collected using reading skill tests administered before and after the treatment. The data were analyzed to identify differences in students’ reading abilities following the implementation of the learning model. The findings indicate that the implementation of Project Based Learning assisted by mind mapping media has a positive effect on students’ early reading skills. The model promotes active student participation, enhances critical and creative thinking skills, and facilitates comprehension through structured visual representation of concepts. Furthermore, the learning environment becomes more interactive and meaningful, increasing students’ motivation to engage in reading activities. Therefore, the Project Based Learning model assisted by mind mapping media is recommended as an alternative instructional strategy to improve early reading skills in elementary schools.

Effective learning involves active student involvement. The PAIKEM (Active, Innovative, Creative, Effective, and Enjoyable Learning) model emphasizes activeness, creativity, and a fun learning atmosphere. In this model, students are invited to be directly involved in the learning process, either through discussions, questions and answers, or group work that facilitate the development of their social and cognitive skills. This article aims to examine the application of the PAIKEM learning model in improving student learning activities through a literature review of ten scientific journals indexed by Google Scholar. The results show that PAIKEM increases participation in discussions, courage to ask questions, group collaboration, and learning motivation. In addition, this model also facilitates the development of students' critical and creative thinking skills, creating a fun and challenging learning atmosphere. The implementation of PAIKEM in learning has a positive impact on improving overall student learning outcomes. Thus, the PAIKEM learning model can be an effective alternative for teachers to create more active, meaningful learning, and oriented towards the development of student competencies as a whole.

This study aims to describe the integration of environmental education into early childhood learning activities at TK Prawidya Dharma Demulih through the use of recycled waste as a creative and educational learning medium. The study was motivated by the low environmental awareness among children and the limited use of environmentally themed learning media in the institution. A qualitative descriptive approach was applied using the ADDIE development model, consisting of the stages of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The findings reveal that employing a recycled-material spinner game enhanced children’s understanding of environmental cleanliness and encouraged environmentally responsible behavior through playful learning activities. The children showed strong enthusiasm, participated actively, and began to develop habits related to cleanliness after the learning sessions. Moreover, teachers gained new insights into designing innovative and functional learning media using discarded materials. Overall, the use of recycled waste as an educational tool proved effective in fostering environmental awareness while supporting creativity and meaningful learning experiences for early childhood learners..

This research is motivated by the low speaking ability of children in group A of RA Tarbiyatul Khoiriyah. This problem is caused by the lack of varied learning methods and the use of learning media that have not been able to optimally attract children's attention and interest. In fact, speaking ability is an important aspect in early childhood language development, which plays a role in communication and further learning processes. Therefore, an innovative and interesting approach is needed to encourage children's speaking skills. This research aims to develop children's speaking ability through storytelling activities using Paflaber (Pictured Flannel Board) as an interactive visual aid. This research uses the Classroom Action Research (CAR) approach model Kemmis and Taggart, which is implemented in three cycles. Each cycle consists of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection stages. The subjects in this study were 20 children aged 4–5 years, consisting of 10 boys and 10 girls. The instruments used in the research included open modules, child performance assessment sheets, as well as observation notes and activity documentation. The results showed a significant increase in children's speaking ability in each cycle. Learning completion increased from 30% in the pre-action phase to 40% in cycle I, 60% in cycle II, and 85% in cycle III. The implications of this research result indicate that Paflaber media is very effective in improving the speaking skills of early childhood children. This media not only helps children understand the content of the story through visualization but also stimulates active involvement and verbal interaction. Therefore, Paflaber media is recommended as one of the creative learning strategies that can be implemented by early childhood teachers to develop children's language skills in a fun and meaningful way.

This research aims to improve the learning outcomes of Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS) by applying a discovery learning model assisted by image media in grade V of SD Nurul Khoir, Jambi City. The method used is Class Action Research (PTK) which is carried out in two cycles. Each cycle consists of four stages, namely planning, implementation of actions, observation, and reflection. The research subjects amounted to 26 students. Data collection techniques are carried out through learning outcome tests, observation of teacher and student activities, and documentation. The results of the study showed a significant increase in the completeness of student learning outcomes. In cycle I, completeness reached 73.92%, and increased to 85.30% in cycle II. This improvement shows that the application of the discovery learning model combined with image media is effective in improving IPAS learning outcomes. This model encourages active involvement of students in the learning process, fosters curiosity, and hones critical and logical thinking skills. Image media as a visual aid has also been proven to be able to strengthen concept understanding and improve students' memory of the material studied. In addition, the learning process becomes more fun and meaningful because students are directly involved in the activity of discovering concepts through the stages of observing, questioning, gathering information, reasoning, and concluding. Teachers are no longer the center of information, but play the role of learning facilitators. This strategy is also relevant to the cognitive development characteristics of elementary school students who tend to favor concrete and visual learning. Thus, the application of the discovery learning model assisted by image media can be an alternative to an effective and innovative learning strategy in improving social studies learning outcomes. Teachers are advised to continue to develop adaptive, creative, and contextual learning methods and media.

This research aims to improve the learning outcomes of Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS) by applying a discovery learning model assisted by image media in grade V of SD Nurul Khoir, Jambi City. The method used is Class Action Research (PTK) which is carried out in two cycles. Each cycle consists of four stages, namely planning, implementation of actions, observation, and reflection. The research subjects amounted to 26 students. Data collection techniques are carried out through learning outcome tests, observation of teacher and student activities, and documentation. The results of the study showed a significant increase in the completeness of student learning outcomes. In cycle I, completeness reached 73.92%, and increased to 85.30% in cycle II. This improvement shows that the application of the discovery learning model combined with image media is effective in improving IPAS learning outcomes. This model encourages active involvement of students in the learning process, fosters curiosity, and hones critical and logical thinking skills. Image media as a visual aid has also been proven to be able to strengthen concept understanding and improve students' memory of the material studied. In addition, the learning process becomes more fun and meaningful because students are directly involved in the activity of discovering concepts through the stages of observing, questioning, gathering information, reasoning, and concluding. Teachers are no longer the center of information, but play the role of learning facilitators. This strategy is also relevant to the cognitive development characteristics of elementary school students who tend to favor concrete and visual learning. Thus, the application of the discovery learning model assisted by image media can be an alternative to an effective and innovative learning strategy in improving social studies learning outcomes. Teachers are advised to continue to develop adaptive, creative, and contextual learning methods and media.

This study aims to understand how learning about rainbows can improve elementary school students' understanding of basic science concepts, particularly regarding the refraction of light and the color spectrum. The concept of rainbows is an important part of Natural Science (IPA) lessons because it involves optical phenomena that can be directly observed and related to students' daily experiences. In this study, the method used is a literature study, namely by collecting, reviewing, and analyzing various relevant library sources, such as scientific articles, textbooks, and educational journals that discuss the topic of science learning and the rainbow phenomenon. The results of this study indicate that learning about rainbows can be done through various interactive and fun approaches, such as through practical experiments using prisms, water droplets, or other simple media that can demonstrate the process of refraction of white light into a color spectrum. In addition, the use of visual media such as images, animated videos, and digital simulations has also proven effective in helping students understand the process of rainbow formation more concretely. Creative activities such as drawing rainbows, making color models, or role-playing as light and water droplets can also increase active student participation and make learning more enjoyable. This study also emphasizes the importance of integrating rainbow learning into the elementary school science curriculum systematically and contextually. Rainbow materials not only introduce scientific concepts in a fun way, but also develop critical thinking, observation, and experimental skills in children. With the right approach, this learning can foster students' interest in science from an early age. Therefore, the results of this study are expected to contribute positively to the development of more effective, creative, and developmentally appropriate science learning methods for elementary school students.

This community service activity aims to strengthen the character development of elementary school students through training in creating digital applications using the Thunkable platform. In the midst of the digital era and the challenges of the Industrial Revolution 4.0, character education is an essential aspect that must be instilled from an early age, alongside cognitive competence. Elementary schools, as the foundation of education, play a strategic role in shaping children’s personalities, including embedding positive character values. This activity was conducted at SD Moria in Sorong City and involved 24 students from grades 5 and 6, selected based on their interest and readiness. The training used a Project-Based Learning approach, where students were actively engaged in creating simple application projects. Throughout the process, students not only learned basic programming skills using Thunkable but also developed key values such as teamwork, responsibility, independence, creativity, and curiosity. Despite facing challenges such as limited devices and internet access, the students demonstrated remarkable enthusiasm. Thunkable proved to be an effective tool for interactive and enjoyable learning. Students were able to directly develop their creative ideas through designing user interfaces and application functions. This provided a meaningful learning experience that motivated students to continue exploring and trying new things. The activity showed that technology-based learning can serve as a strategic means to holistically shape students' character. Overall, this initiative demonstrated that digital application development training can serve as a character education model based on technology that is highly relevant for elementary education. This program is expected to serve as an educational innovation example that encourages the integration of digital literacy and character education in Indonesian elementary schools.

Free association among adolescents is a social problem that is increasingly worrying, especially in the current era of globalization. Adolescents' lack of understanding regarding behavioral boundaries in social interactions can have various negative impacts, both physically, psychologically, and socially. To address this, this community service activity was conducted with the aim of providing education about the dangers of free association to students of MA Mathla'ul Anwar Pandeglang. A total of 25 students participated in this activity. The media used was a snakes and ladders game that had been educationally modified to suit the material presented. The implementation method included interactive lectures, educational games, group discussions, and learning evaluations through pre- and post-tests. The results of the activity showed a 34% increase in students' understanding of the dangers of free association after participating in the entire series of activities. In addition, the snakes and ladders game media proved effective as a fun learning tool and was able to increase active student participation. This game also helped students more easily understand and remember the material presented. With this creative and participatory approach, it is hoped that education about healthy associations and adolescent character can be better accepted and implemented in everyday life. This activity is expected to become an alternative model for character education in schools and can be implemented sustainably in various educational institutions.

Free association among adolescents is a social problem that is increasingly worrying, especially in the current era of globalization. Adolescents' lack of understanding regarding behavioral boundaries in social interactions can have various negative impacts, both physically, psychologically, and socially. To address this, this community service activity was conducted with the aim of providing education about the dangers of free association to students of MA Mathla'ul Anwar Pandeglang. A total of 25 students participated in this activity. The media used was a snakes and ladders game that had been educationally modified to suit the material presented. The implementation method included interactive lectures, educational games, group discussions, and learning evaluations through pre- and post-tests. The results of the activity showed a 34% increase in students' understanding of the dangers of free association after participating in the entire series of activities. In addition, the snakes and ladders game media proved effective as a fun learning tool and was able to increase active student participation. This game also helped students more easily understand and remember the material presented. With this creative and participatory approach, it is hoped that education about healthy associations and adolescent character can be better accepted and implemented in everyday life. This activity is expected to become an alternative model for character education in schools and can be implemented sustainably in various educational institutions.

The implementation of the PAKEM (Active, Creative, Effective, and Enjoyable Learning) model in Christian Religious Education (PAK) has shown significant potential in improving students’ understanding of Christian values ​​in elementary schools. This qualitative descriptive study analyzes the implementation of the PAKEM model and its effectiveness in fostering a deeper understanding of values ​​such as compassion, honesty, and forgiveness among students. Although conventional teaching methods are often used in PAK, the PAKEM model encourages active participation, creativity, and a fun learning atmosphere. Research shows that the model has a positive impact on students’ motivation and academic achievement. However, challenges such as limited teacher training and inadequate facilities hinder its optimal implementation. Solutions include ongoing professional development for teachers and adaptation of the curriculum to the local context. The study emphasizes the need for collaboration between educators, parents, and the community to support the effective implementation of the PAKEM model. Ultimately, the PAKEM approach not only improves cognitive outcomes but also contributes to students’ moral and spiritual development, preparing them to embody Christian values ​​in their daily lives.  By cultivating an engaging and supportive learning environment, the PAKEM model aims to create a generation of morally resilient individuals who integrate their faith into their actions.

This community service activity aims to apply play activities as a coping strategy to increase happiness in students at Sanggar Bimbingan Kampung Baru Kuala Lumpur Malaysia. Play activities play an important role in supporting children's social, emotional, and cognitive development. This program was carried out for one session with a duration of 90 minutes, involving 57 students aged 7–12 years. The methods used included creative games such as storytelling and singing, which were designed to create a fun atmosphere, train social skills, and provide space for free expression of emotions. The results of observations showed an increase in student happiness as indicated by active participation, cheerful expressions, and positive interactions between students during the activity. The results of interviews revealed positive impacts such as reduced emotional stress, increased self-confidence, and better learning motivation. Play activities have proven to be effective as a simple coping strategy that can be implemented in non-formal learning environments to support children's mental health and well-being. This program is expected to be a model for sustainable psychosocial interventions in similar communities.

Learning Indonesian requires strong focus from students to achieve a deep understanding and good mastery of the material. One approach that can increase students' focus is by implementing the Active, Innovative, Creative, Effective and Fun Learning Model (PAIKEM). This model emphasizes active interaction between teachers and students, the use of innovative methods, and a creative and fun learning atmosphere. This research emphasizes how the use of the PAIKEM Model can stimulate students' active participation, increase involvement in the learning process, and strengthen understanding and use of Indonesian. Therefore, it is hoped that this research can be an effective means of increasing students' focus in learning Indonesian, paving the way for achieving better and more sustainable learning outcomes.

Learning Indonesian requires strong focus from students to achieve a deep understanding and good mastery of the material. One approach that can increase students' focus is by implementing the Active, Innovative, Creative, Effective and Fun Learning Model (PAIKEM). This model emphasizes active interaction between teachers and students, the use of innovative methods, and a creative and fun learning atmosphere. This research emphasizes how the use of the PAIKEM Model can stimulate students' active participation, increase involvement in the learning process, and strengthen understanding and use of Indonesian. Therefore, it is hoped that this research can be an effective means of increasing students' focus in learning Indonesian, paving the way for achieving better and more sustainable learning outcomes.

Based on the learning process which is often monotonous and boring in classrooms between teachers and students, this research seeks to understand and implement the concept of Active, Innovative, Creative, Effective and Fun learning and Catholic Religious Education Learning Activities, as well as offering it to students. PAK teachers to carry out reforms in PAK learning strategies and methods. The method used in this research is a literature study approach or qualitative method. The results of this research are: there are still many PAK teachers who teach using conventional learning methods, the PAIKEM learning strategy is one strategy that can make the classroom atmosphere better in learning and can improve the quality of PAK learning, every PAK teacher is needed to learn various PAK learning models, strategies and techniques to improve the quality of learning and a new understanding that students are the center of learning activities in PAK.

This research is motivated by the importance of implementing an effective and fun creative active learning model in class X SMK N 1 Ampek Angkek. Various questions are raised with learning that is still far from the criteria of being active, creative, effective, and fun. This can also be seen from the learning which is still centered on the teacher and students are still busy listening to the lesson. Then the teacher also does not optimize the potential that exists in students. The type of research used is Quasi Experimental Design. The population in this study were class X students of SMK N 1 Ampek Angkek for the 2020/2021 Academic Year. Sampling was carried out using the Nonprobability Sampling technique, namely by taking non-random samples. The first sample consisted of 25 students in the experimental class using the PAKEM model and the second sample consisted of 23 students in the control class using the conventional learning model. The research data was obtained by giving student responses as many as 22 items that have been tested. Based on the results obtained from the mean of the experimental class is 71.76 and the control class is 71.52. The results of the hypothesis using the t-test at a significance level of 0.05 obtained a Sig (2-tailed) of 0.041. So that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted because 0.041 <0.05. This shows that there is a significant difference between the application of effective and fun creative active learning models in information technology and computer subjects with conventional learning models.

Education is very important for the development of children's knowledge, so it needs to be supported by effective learning media. Learning media are familiar to a teacher such as textbooks, teaching aids and other media. However, after observations were made at one of the Class V Manumuti SDKs, in the Timor Leste Border area, it was found that teachers predominantly taught using textbooks and no other learning media. The existing conditions result in students learning monotonously, students being less active, teachers not being creative and students not understanding science lessons well. So in this research, learning media will be created that are fun and not monotonous in order to arouse students' motivation to study science. In this case, the media used is Audio-Visual Technology Learning Media. This media will be elaborated in the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) model, where students will be formed into several groups, then given a science knowledge game, and students compete with their opposing groups. That way, a sense of responsibility, healthy competition, imagination, and student activity in class dominate and students will be motivated to learn science because the end of this learning model is an award or reward for students who become winners. To measure the attainment of science knowledge, observation, discussion, tests, scores and audio-visual media are used. It is hoped that the results of the research will ensure that students in the Timor Leste border areas do not miss out on technological knowledge, teachers will be more creative and students will be able to play an active role and increase their motivation to learn science.