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Magelang City faces the challenge of limited land availability, with a total area of only 18.58 km2 and a high population density. Consequently, telecommunications infrastructure development requires a precise strategy. This study aims to analyze the business model and investment feasibility of Pole and Greenfield type telecommunication towers in Magelang City. Using a descriptive quantitative approach, this research processes secondary data from PT Dayamitra Telekomunikasi Indonesia by applying feasibility analysis based on Life Cycle Costing (LCC), Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Break-Even Point (BEP), Payback Period (PP), and Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR). The results indicate significant differences in cost structures; Pole towers proved to be more efficient, requiring an initial capital outlay of only 28.8% of the total capital required for Greenfield towers. Greenfield towers generated an NPV of Rp13.07 billion with an IRR of 20%, while Pole towers generated an NPV of Rp2.46 billion with a higher IRR of 23%. Pole towers have proven to offer a faster return on investment and better operational cost efficiency, making them the most strategic option to support network densification and the implementation of 5G technology in urban areas with spatial constraints like Magelang City.

Telkomsel has introduced 5G technology in Padang City, evaluated through drive tests using G-Nettrack Pro software to measure Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) and Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR). The tests revealed RSRP values ranging from -44 dBm to -100 dBm and SINR values between -12 dB and 26 dB. While high RSRP does not always guarantee high throughput, higher SINR consistently improves throughput, with the highest throughput reaching 153,053 kbps at SINR levels between 10 and 30 dB. Modulation and Carrier Aggregation (CA) also play a significant role, with 64-QAM modulation combined with CA achieving throughput up to 31,500 kbps, compared to 6,300 kbps without CA. Although CA bandwidth decreased from 100 MHz to 50 MHz, throughput remains higher compared to 20 MHz bandwidth without CA. CA proves highly effective in enhancing throughput through larger bandwidth and more efficient modulation. Additional factors such as handover, interference, and physical and weather conditions also impact network performance. Overall, Telkomsel’s 5G network in Padang City meets the company’s Key Performance Indicators (KPI), despite some areas with suboptimal signal quality.

5G (5th Generation) networks are a major breakthrough in the world of wireless communication technology that offers much faster data transfer rates, very low latency, and greater capacity compared to previous generations. The development of 5G networks brings both challenges and opportunities for enterprises in improving their operations. The main challenges include large infrastructure investments, limited frequency spectrum, data security and privacy, and compatibility and interoperability with existing technologies. On the other hand, the opportunities offered by 5G networks include better connectivity for the Internet of Things (IoT), real-time communication with low latency, real-time analysis of big data, virtual and augmented reality applications, and the development of innovative new services and business models. To capitalise on these opportunities, companies need to invest in 5G technology, develop the right digital strategy, pay attention to data security and privacy aspects, and collaborate with relevant parties. By facing the challenges and properly utilising the opportunities of 5G networks, companies can achieve a competitive advantage and drive sustainable business growth in this increasingly digital era. This research adopts a systematic literature review (SLR) approach to investigate and analyze literature relevant to corporate business transformation.

The advent of 5G technology has marked a significant shift in the telecommunications industry, offering transformative improvements in service speed, latency, and network reliability. This study explores the impact of 5G on operational efficiency and service innovation in telecom companies. By examining the operational performance of three leading telecom companies that have implemented 5G networks, the research identifies key improvements in speed, cost reduction, and resource optimization. The findings highlight that 5G has enabled companies to achieve up to 100 times faster data transfer speeds compared to previous generations, drastically reducing latency and enhancing network reliability. These improvements contribute to increased customer satisfaction, faster response times, and reduced operational costs. Additionally, the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) for network management has optimized resource allocation and further enhanced the efficiency of telecom operations. The research also demonstrates how 5G has driven innovation in service offerings, such as enabling smart cities, IoT integrations, autonomous vehicles, and real-time patient monitoring in healthcare. While the deployment of 5G offers numerous benefits, the study acknowledges challenges such as high infrastructure costs, digital inequality, and regulatory hurdles. Telecom companies must invest significantly in infrastructure and navigate complex regulatory environments to fully realize the potential of 5G. The study concludes that 5G technology has the potential to reshape the telecom sector, fostering greater competitiveness, service quality, and innovation. Future research should focus on the long-term impact of 5G on customer loyalty, its expanded applications, and its role in advancing future technologies such as 6G.

The development of the world of telecommunications continues to improve. Its initial appearance was as first generation technology (1G) which still uses the same system. In 1991, 2G technology began to develop, using a digital system and being able to provide not only voice services but also data services. This technological development was then followed by 3G and 4G. Currently, technological progress has increased very rapidly in almost every field of technology. has created very sophisticated tools to support human work. One of the latest technological advances that plays an important role is the emergence of 5G technology. 5G technology is a wireless technology that is more complex than previous wireless technologies. With greater bandwidth, higher data speeds and lower latency, this technology can provide opportunities and benefits for operators to create new business models. Keywords: 

Competence in carrying out tasks, which are needed by aligning knowledge and expertise by communicating with developments in business and digital technology. as well as Competency training that suits the needs of the company as well as outreach to employees and outreach and training. Tool selling and monitoring the digital base are already aware of and have been executed in the field both in terms of product education and sales of digital products, have been socialized and understand Telkomsel's CSP 2023-2027. The research method that will be used in this research is a qualitative research method with a descriptive approach. The design used in this study is a case study design. The results of the research are 1. HR Competence in the Era of Industri 4.0 and Digital 5.0 Transformation to Increase Employee Work Productivity at PT Telkomsel Se-Priangan Timur, competency or capacity in carrying out tasks, in this case what is needed by aligning knowledge and expertise by communicating with technological developments business and digital. 2. Obstacles in HR Competence in the Era of Industri 4.0 and Digital 5.0 Transformation to Increase Employee Work Productivity At PT Telkomsel Se-Priangan Timur, not all Telkomsel employees already know Digital Culture in their daily work and mastery of existing Technology by the Network Department in New Mastery 5G Technology Network employees, HR who have high creativity are needed in the era of volatility, uncertainty, complexity, ambiguity (VUCA) to make Innovations that support Digital Business.3. Efforts in HR Competence in the Industri 4.0 and Digital 5.0 Transformation Era to Increase Employee Work Productivity at PT Telkomsel Se-Priangan Timur, Digital Culture training in daily work and mastery of existing Technology by the Network Department in Mastering New Technology 5G Network employees, trained HR those who have high creativity are needed in the era of volatility, uncertainty, complexity, ambiguity (VUCA) to make innovations that support Digital Business.

The development of telecommunications technology has grown very rapidly. This is in line with the extraordinary increase in internet data traffic. The use of the internet has been used in all layers of the age segment, both the older generation to the younger generation. Global competition in the future is very tight and knowledge of technology, especially telecommunications technology, is needed. 5G technology stands for 5th Generation which refers to the fifth generation of mobile phones. 5G technology has incredible data capabilities and has the ability to unify unlimited call volume and unlimited data broadcasts in the latest mobile operating systems. Currently, Indonesia is lagging behind in the application of 5G technology. Indonesia is currently still preparing regulations and the frequency spectrum used in the implementation of 5G technology. Therefore, the socialization of the Introduction and Readiness of 5G Technology SLB Negri Labuha, Kab. South Halmahera, North Maluku.