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Household food security and nutrition are crucial determinants of public health, especially in regions with limited access to high-quality animal protein. This study aims to analyze the impact of organic chicken farming and maggot utilization on household food security and family nutrition in Jayapura, Papua. An exploratory case study with a mixed-method approach was used, involving observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The findings revealed that maggot-based feed significantly improved chicken growth, health, and egg production while reducing feed costs. Families experienced improved protein intake, reduced food expenditure, and additional income from the sale of eggs, maggots, and compost. Furthermore, the integration of maggot farming into organic poultry systems supported waste management and environmental sustainability through a circular economy model. This research implies that maggot-based organic farming can be replicated as a sustainable community food security strategy in similar regions across Papua and Indonesia.

Anemia remains a significant nutritional problem among adolescent girls due to increased iron requirements during growth and menstruation. Iron (Fe) tablet supplementation is commonly used for prevention, but low compliance often limits its effectiveness. Moringa oleifera leaf tea offers a potential local food–based alternative intervention. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of Moringa oleifera leaf tea and iron tablets in increasing hemoglobin levels among anemic adolescent girls. A quasi-experimental two-group pretest–posttest design was employed in December 2025 at two junior high schools in Gorontalo City. The sample consisted of 18 adolescent girls with mild to moderate anemia, divided equally into a Moringa leaf tea group and an iron tablet group. The tea group consumed Moringa leaf tea twice daily for 14 days, while the tablet group consumed one iron tablet per week for two weeks. Hemoglobin levels were measured before and after the intervention using a digital hemoglobin analyzer. Data analysis using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Mann–Whitney test showed that both interventions significantly increased hemoglobin levels. However, the increase was greater in the Moringa group (ΔHb 1.4–3.2 g/dL; p = 0.008) compared to the iron tablet group (ΔHb 0.5–0.8 g/dL; p = 0.007). A significant difference between groups (p < 0.001) indicates that Moringa oleifera leaf tea is more effective as an alternative intervention.

Adolescence is a period of change or transition from childhood to adulthood, encompassing biological, psychological, and social changes. Adolescent girls experience menstruation every month, which puts them at risk of anemia, compounded by poor dietary habits and the failure to consume iron tablets. Rapid adolescent growth is linked to nutritional fulfillment or adolescent consumption of nutrients, one of which is iron consumption. Insufficient iron consumption can lead to anemia in adolescents. Strategies to address anemia in adolescent girls include improving dietary intake and providing iron tablet supplementation. Changing dietary patterns is an important long-term strategy, but cannot be expected to be successful quickly. Anemia is a global health problem, especially in developing countries, where an estimated 30% of the world's population suffers from anemia. Adolescent girls are ten times more likely to suffer from anemia than boys. Efforts to prevent anemia in adolescents through iron tablet supplementation are a strategic, specific intervention to prepare healthy mothers-to-be. The aim was to determine the effect of iron (Fe) tablet administration on increasing Hb levels in adolescent girls with mild anemia. This study was quantitative, with an experimental design. The population in this study were 55 young women at the Ibu Health Center in West Halmahera Regency. A purposive sample of 30 samples was taken. Data collection in this study was carried out by examining Hb levels before and after administering iron tablets 4 times in a row for 4 weeks. The results of the study were that there was no significant difference between Hb levels before and after administering iron tablets in young women at the Ibu Health Center in West Halmahera Regency. The average Hb level before administering iron tablets was 11.5 g/dL, and after administering iron tablets was 12 g/dL. The results of the paired t-test showed a difference before and after administering iron tablets (p value = 0.001), so the test has an effect on administering iron tablets (Fe) on increasing Hb levels in young women with mild anemia in the Ibu Health Center in West Halmahera Regency.

Anemia is a micronutrient deficiency problem that is common in various parts of the world. Indonesia is one of the countries with a high anemia rate. According to the 2024 Basic Health Research (Riskesdas), the anemia rate in adolescent girls reached 32%. Breakfast habits and consumption of iron supplements affect daily nutritional intake. Low hemoglobin levels occur due to infrequent iron supplement consumption and inadequate food intake, resulting in a lack of iron stores in the body. The purpose of this study was to encourage adolescent girls to continue maintaining good habits of consuming iron supplements and having a healthy breakfast. This study used a quantitative analytical observational method with a cross-sectional design. The target population was female students of SMPN 1 Nibong. The study was conducted at SMPN 1 Nibong. The sample was obtained using a cluster random sampling technique of 50 respondents. The results of the chi-square test showed a strong association between breakfast habits and the risk of anemia, with a p-value of 0.000, which is far below 0.05, so technically significant. In essence, breakfast habits and blood supplement consumption have been shown to influence the risk of anemia in adolescent girls at SMPN 1 Nibong. The school is expected to promote understanding of nutrition and the importance of breakfast and blood supplement consumption, as well as motivate students to eat breakfast and consume blood supplement tablets regularly.

Adolescent girls' adherence to taking iron tablets is still lacking, iron intake is very important to prevent anemia. Based on the 2018 Riskesdas, the coverage rate of iron tablets is 76.2%, but the awareness of adolescent girls of the importance of preventing anemia by consuming iron tablets is still low. One way to increase compliance with taking blood supplement tablets is by utilizing peer group education. This study aims to determine the effect of peer group education in an effort to increase adherence to taking blood tablets for adolescent girls. This is a quantitative pre-experimental study using One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design. The population was all students of class XI SMAN 1 Godean. Simple random sampling technique with a sample size of 58 female students. Education time was 40 minutes with peer educators in each group. Data analysis using the Wilcoxon test with the results of compliance with iron tablet consumption before education in adolescent girls at SMA Negeri 1 Godean in the category of non-compliant as many as 51 people (87.9%) and compliant as many as 7 people (12.1%), compliance with iron tablet consumption after education has increased in the category of compliant as many as 16 people (27.6%) and non-compliant as many as 42 people (72.4%). In the Wilcoxon Test, the results obtained p = 0.013, therefore it was concluded that there was an effect of peer group education on increasing compliance with blood supplementation tablet consumption in adolescent girls of SMA Negeri 1 Godean.

Anemia is a problem of health in young women. Anemia is a condition in the concentration levels of hemoglobin in the blood is low, one of the efforts to improve the levels of Hemoglobin by non Pharmacology given soy edamame. Is a kind of soy beans which the iron content of substance more than other types. In addition to iron, also contained Vit C, B12, and folic acid, which is also a constituent of hemoglobin in the blood. The purpose of this research is to know the effect of granting soy edamame to increased levels of hemoglobin in on young women. The research design used was quasy eksperiment. Population of young women who are experiencing anemia in boarding schools of Tahfiz Hisbah Al Fatih as many as 20 people, with the total sampling techniques. Research instrument is the observation sheet and tool checks digitally Hemoglobin. Results of the study were analyzed using paired t-test Test and independent t Test. The results obtained from this research is the following value mean increased levels of Hb after given Soy edamame was 0.46 gdl and mean increased levels of Hb after administering a local soybean is 0.18 gdl. This indicates that after the granting of the soy edamame tablet better if compared to a local soybean delivery after this. Research analysis of Hb levels after administering a local soybean or edamame soybeans gained ρ-value 0.006 (α = 0 .05), then it can be inferred that H0 is rejected and there is meaning accepted H1 influence awarding of soy edamame to increased levels of Hb teen daughter in boarding schools of Tahfiz Hisbah Al Fatih. For young women in particular are expected to eat green vegetables and legumes, especially soy edamame to prevent as well as treat mild anemia.

Anemia is a common condition among women of reproductive age, largely due to the monthly menstrual cycle. This condition can impair daily activities and reduce productivity. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), in 2021 approximately 29.9% of women aged 15–49 years experienced anemia. In Indonesia, the prevalence of anemia increased from 37.1% in 2013 to 48.9% in 2018. Furthermore, around 32% of young women aged 15–24 years in Indonesia are affected, meaning that three to four out of every ten adolescent girls experience anemia. This study aimed to examine the relationship between adolescent girls’ knowledge about anemia and their adherence to consuming iron supplement tablets. An analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach was employed. The research was conducted at the Al Fatih Tahfidz Islamic Boarding School in Sintang Regency in 2025. Total sampling was used, involving all 34 adolescent girls. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test. The analysis produced a p-value of 0.341 (p<0.05), suggesting an association between knowledge of anemia and compliance with iron supplement consumption. The obtained odds ratio (OR) of 3.629 indicates that adolescent girls with lower levels of knowledge were 3.629 times more likely to be non-compliant in taking iron supplements.

Anemia in pregnancy remains a major public health concern, particularly in developing countries where prevalence reaches 38%. Iron deficiency is the leading cause, contributing to adverse maternal and fetal outcomes such as preterm delivery, low birth weight, and maternal mortality. Compliance with iron supplementation is critical, yet data from North Sulawesi indicate that only 60% of pregnant women adhere to recommended intake. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between compliance with Fe tablet consumption and anemia incidence among pregnant women at the Suluun Community Health Center, South Minahasa. Using a cross-sectional design, 100 respondents were selected via purposive sampling based on Slovin’s formula. Data collection involved questionnaires assessing compliance and demographics, alongside hemoglobin measurements to determine anemia status. Statistical analysis employed Chi-Square and logistic regression tests. Results showed that 56.7% of respondents were compliant, while 43.3% were non-compliant. A significant relationship was found between compliance and anemia incidence (p=0.004), with 76.9% of non-compliant women experiencing anemia compared to 23.5% of compliant women. These findings highlight the importance of education, family support, and healthcare access in improving adherence to iron supplementation. Strengthening health programs targeting these factors is essential to reduce anemia prevalence among pregnant women.

Anemia among pregnant women remains a significant public health concern in Indonesia, contributing to adverse maternal and fetal outcomes such as preterm birth, low birth weight, and impaired fetal development. The third trimester represents a critical stage, as iron requirements increase substantially due to rapid fetal growth and expanded maternal blood volume. Insufficient hemoglobin (HB) levels during this period are closely linked to negative health outcomes, highlighting the need for effective prevention strategies. Health education has been widely recognized as an important intervention to enhance knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to nutrition, iron supplementation, and anemia prevention. This study aimed to examine the effect of health education on anemia prevention by assessing hemoglobin levels in third-trimester pregnant women. A quantitative pre-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest approach was applied to 30 participants selected through purposive sampling. Hemoglobin levels were measured before and after structured health education sessions covering anemia prevention, iron tablet adherence, dietary improvement, and healthy lifestyle practices. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test with a significance level of p < 0.05. The findings showed a significant increase in hemoglobin levels after the intervention (p = 0.000). These results indicate that structured health education effectively improves hemoglobin levels and supports anemia prevention in pregnant women.

Iron deficiency anemia is a significant public health problem in pregnant women, because it can cause maternal and fetal complications. Compliance with iron tablet consumption is often low due to limited knowledge, side effects, and cultural misconceptions. Leaflet-based education is a low-cost intervention that has the potential to improve understanding and compliance. This study aims to analyze the effect of leaflet education on the adherence of iron tablet consumption in pregnant women at the Pujon Health Center, Batu. The research design used a quasi-experiment with a pretest-posttest control group design. A total of 40 pregnant women were divided into an intervention group (n = 20) that received leaflet education and a control group (n = 20) that received standard counseling. Compliance was measured over four weeks through self-consumption records and tablet count calculations, while knowledge was assessed with a structured questionnaire. Data analysis used the Chi-square test with a significance level of p < 0.05. Results showed a significant improvement in adherence in the intervention group, with 70% of pregnant women complying compared to 15% in the control group (p = 0.001). Leaflet education also increased knowledge scores and consistency of iron tablet consumption. The conclusion of this study confirms that leaflet education is effective in increasing iron supplementation adherence, so it is recommended to be integrated into routine antenatal services to prevent anemia and support maternal and fetal health.

Anemia during pregnancy remains a significant public health challenge, with iron supplementation recommended as the primary preventive strategy. However, compliance with iron tablet consumption among pregnant women continues to be low in many settings. This study aims to review existing literature to identify barriers that hinder adherence to iron supplementation. A systematic literature review was conducted by screening publications from 2015 to 2025, retrieved from major databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect. Thematic synthesis was applied to analyze findings across selected studies. Results revealed three major categories of barriers: internal factors such as limited knowledge, perceived low risk of anemia, and side effects; social factors including lack of family support, cultural norms, and insufficient counseling from health providers; and systemic factors such as limited supplement availability and inadequate quality of antenatal services. These findings highlight that compliance is not merely an individual issue but also shaped by social and structural contexts. Implications suggest the need for multidimensional interventions, involving health education, family engagement, and strengthened health system support to improve maternal adherence to iron supplementation.

Anemia in pregnant women remains a major public health issue in Indonesia, including in Bukittinggi City. According to the Bukittinggi Health Office report in 2022, the prevalence of anemia among pregnant women reached 42%. This condition increases the risk of pregnancy complications such as bleeding, preterm delivery, low birth weight, and even maternal and infant mortality. Families play an essential role in supporting pregnant women, particularly in ensuring compliance with iron tablet consumption and providing nutritious food. This community service program aimed to improve family knowledge of anemia prevention through participatory health education. The methods included problem identification, focus group discussions, interactive education, simulation of nutritious meal planning, and accompaniment by community health cadres. The results showed a 35% increase in family knowledge based on pre- and post-test results. Furthermore, positive behavioral changes were observed, such as improved compliance with iron tablet consumption and the establishment of family support groups for pregnant women as new social institutions. This program demonstrated that participatory family-based education is effective in increasing knowledge and fostering social transformation for anemia prevention.

Background: Anemia in pregnancy is a public health problem that can increase the risk of serious complications, such as premature birth, maternal and infant mortality, and impaired fetal growth and development. One effort to prevent anemia is by consuming iron tablets (iron supplements). However, the success of this intervention is greatly influenced by the behavior of pregnant women in consuming these tablets, which includes knowledge, attitudes, and actions. If pregnant women have a good understanding and attitude, and implement iron tablet consumption appropriately, the risk of anemia can be reduced. Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship between iron consumption behavior (based on knowledge, attitudes, and actions) with the incidence of anemia in pregnant women at the Kuala Bangka Community Health Center, North Labuhan Batu Regency, in 2022. Method: This study used a descriptive analytical design with a cross-sectional approach. The study sample consisted of 20 pregnant women selected by purposive sampling. Data were collected through a questionnaire covering knowledge, attitudes, and actions of pregnant women regarding iron consumption, as well as the incidence of anemia. Data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test. Results: The majority of respondents had sufficient knowledge (45%), insufficient attitudes (70%), and insufficient iron consumption actions (70%). Moderate anemia was found in 70% of respondents. Bivariate analysis showed a significant relationship between knowledge (p=0.005), attitudes (p=0.001), and practices (p=0.000) and the incidence of anemia in pregnant women. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between iron consumption behavior (knowledge, attitudes, and practices) and the incidence of anemia in pregnant women. Increased education and support for pregnant women regarding the importance of proper iron consumption to prevent anemia during pregnancy is needed.

Background: Anemia is a very serious danger because it can interfere with child development, cause decreased immunity, decline in academic ability, and reduce fitness and productivity. Anemia in pregnant women and adolescent girls is caused by various things, including less than optimal consumption of iron tablets, food intake, and the presence of comorbidities. Objective: This study aims to obtain information about the factors that cause the behavior of using iron tablets in adolescent girls at the Youth Posyandu in Semanggi Village, Surakarta City. This study aims to obtain an overview of the extent to which adolescent girls know information about consuming iron tablets, and what their attitudes are towards their use. Method: This study explores the factors that influence adolescent girls in using iron tablets at the Youth Posyandu in Semanggi Village, Surakarta City. The variables studied are the level of knowledge and attitudes. This type of study is an analytical survey with a cross-sectional approach. Data were collected through questionnaires given to adolescent girls who have experienced menstruation. The sampling technique used total sampling with a total of 25 respondents. Data analysis was carried out using the chi-square test to determine significant relationships. Research Results: There is a positive relationship between the level of knowledge (p-value = 0.028) and attitude (p-value = 0.035) with the consumption of iron tablets. Conclusion: Knowledge related to anemia and iron tablets as well as attitudes are factors that influence adolescent girls in consuming iron tablets. Implications: The results of this study indicate the need to continuously improve health education through counseling activities at the Youth Posyandu, schools, and social media. These efforts can strengthen understanding and form a positive attitude of adolescent girls towards the consumption of iron tablets.

Background: Anemia is a public health problem among adolescent girls in Indonesia, with a prevalence reaching 32%. Iron supplementation programs have been implemented, but compliance remains low. Knowledge about anemia is thought to influence adherence to iron supplementation. Objective: To analyze the relationship between knowledge about anemia and compliance in consuming iron tablets in adolescent girls at the Bonepantai Community Health Center. Methods: This quantitative study with a cross-sectional design involved 30 adolescent girls aged 12-19 years selected by purposive sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire covering knowledge about anemia and adherence to iron supplement consumption. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis with the Chi-Square test at a significance level of α = 0.05. Results: The majority of respondents were aged 15-17 years (50.0%) and had a high school education (60.0%). The level of knowledge was good at 43.3%, sufficient at 33.3%, and poor at 23.4%. Compliance with iron supplement consumption was 46.7% and non-compliance at 53.3%. The results of the Chi-Square test showed a significant relationship between knowledge about anemia and iron supplement compliance (p=0.013; χ²=8.742). Respondents with good knowledge had higher compliance (76.9%) compared to respondents with poor knowledge (14.3%). Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between knowledge about anemia and adherence to iron supplementation in adolescent girls. Intensifying comprehensive and sustainable health education programs is needed to improve knowledge and adherence to iron supplementation as an effort to prevent anemia.

Anemia in pregnancy remains a public health problem in Indonesia, with a prevalence of 48.9% (Riskesdas, 2018). Low adherence to iron and folic acid tablet (TTD) consumption is one of the main causes of high anemia rates among pregnant women. This community service activity aimed to improve TTD consumption compliance among pregnant women through interactive educational media at Sarfina Sembiring Clinic in 2025. The implementation method applied a participatory learning approach, consisting of preparation, education delivery, evaluation, and follow-up. A total of 30 pregnant women participated in the activity. Pre-test and post-test evaluations showed an increase in knowledge scores from 62.5 to 85.3 (+36.4%), while compliance with TTD consumption increased from 46.7% to 83.3% (+36.6%). Additionally, 90% of participants stated that interactive media was easier to understand compared to conventional lecture methods. These findings indicate that interactive educational media effectively improves knowledge and compliance with TTD consumption among pregnant women, making it a viable alternative for health education to support anemia prevention programs in Indonesia.

Iron-deficiency anemia during pregnancy remains a major public health concern in developing countries. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of iron and folic acid supplementation, known as iron tablets, in reducing the risk of anemia among pregnant women. A descriptive qualitative literature review method was employed by analyzing nine eligible studies published between 2013 and 2023. Articles were selected from databases including Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect using specific keywords. The findings suggest that regular consumption of iron tablets, particularly starting in the second trimester and meeting the minimum recommended dose of 90 tablets, is effective in improving hemoglobin levels and lowering anemia prevalence. However, compliance remains a significant challenge, influenced by side effects, maternal knowledge, and social support. The review highlights the need for behavior-based interventions and family involvement to enhance adherence. The implication of this review supports the integration of targeted health education and follow-up strategies within antenatal care services to reduce anemia-related risks in pregnancy.

Iron deficiency anemia (ADB) is anemia that arises due to reduced iron supply for erythropoiesis, due to empty iron stores (depleted iron stores) which ultimately results in reduced hemoglobin formation. This study aims to determine the effect of giving blood supplement tablets on HB levels in female students suffering from anemia at SMAN 1 Tambakboyo, Tuban Regency. The research design used a pre-experiment using a one group pre test post test approach, with a total sampling technique on a population of 34 female students suffering from anemia in class X and analyzed using the Wilcoxon test. The instruments in this research were Standard Operating Procedures (SOP), hemoglobin level observation sheets and Easy Touch GCU brand hemoglobin measuring equipment. The results of the study showed that the average HB level before 10.17 g/dl and after 15.46 g/dl given blood supplement tablets was normal. The results of the Wilcoxon test obtained a significant value of p=0.000 (p<0.05), which means that there was a significant difference in the HB levels of class X female students before and after being given blood supplement tablets. Health workers, especially in school health offices, should provide blood supplement tablets at the right time so that female students can take the blood supplement tablets regularly and finish them.

Anemia in pregnant women is one of the contributing factors to stunting in toddlers. The consumption of iron (Fe) tablets by pregnant women requires supervision from family members to support the success of the stunting reduction program in Bangli Regency. Iron tablet intervention in pregnant women has been proven to reduce the risk of complications, lower the incidence of low birth weight in infants, and decrease maternal mortality during childbirth. This study used a cross-sectional survey design, involving 48 pregnant women. Data collection was conducted using total sampling during the period from January 2024 to January 2025 at Kintamani IV Public Health Center. Bivariate data analysis was carried out using the chi-square test. The results of the study showed that 68% of pregnant women experienced mild anemia. Most pregnancies were in the third trimester (39%), and 43% of the participants were in their first pregnancy. The majority of the pregnant women had good knowledge levels. There was a significant relationship between pregnant women’s knowledge and their adherence to consuming iron tablets, with a p-value of 0.019. The odds ratio (OR = 5.014) indicated that pregnant women with good knowledge were five times more likely to adhere to iron tablet consumption compared to those with limited knowledge. Support and monitoring of the nutritional status of pregnant women are essential to reduce the incidence of low birth weight and stunting among toddlers in Selulung Village, Kintamani District.  

Anemia during pregnancy remains a significant global health issue, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Iron (Fe) tablets are the standard treatment, but alternative natural supplements such as pure honey may enhance hemoglobin levels through their nutritional and antioxidant properties. This study aims to  analyze the effectiveness of pure honey combined with Fe tablets on hemoglobin levels among pregnant women with anemia at TPMB Choirul Mala, Palembang. This quasi-experimental study employed a pretest-posttest control group design. A total of 30 pregnant women with anemia were selected through purposive sampling from a population of 66 who attended ANC visits between September and December 2024. Participants were divided equally into intervention and control groups. The intervention group received 2 tablespoons of certified pure honey and one 60 mg Fe tablet daily for 4 weeks, while the control group received only the Fe tablet. Hemoglobin levels were measured before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon and Mann–Whitney tests. The intervention group showed a significant increase in mean hemoglobin level from 9.2 g/dL to 10.8 g/dL (p = 0.002), while the control group increased from 9.0 g/dL to 10.4 g/dL (p = 0.004). The difference in hemoglobin increase between groups was statistically significant (p = 0.041). The combination of pure honey and Fe tablets is more effective in increasing hemoglobin levels than Fe tablets alone. Pure honey may serve as a beneficial complementary therapy in managing anemia during pregnancy.