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Introduction: Bronchopneumonia is an inflammatory lung condition involving one or more lobes, characterized by patchy infiltrates commonly caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae (30–50% of cases), followed by Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae in more severe infections. Clinical manifestations include high fever, restlessness, dyspnea, rapid and shallow breathing accompanied by rales, vomiting, and either dry or productive cough. Respiratory infections may trigger inflammatory responses that increase excessive mucus production. Case Illustration: A 1-year-5-month-old girl weighing 7.9 kg presented to RSUD Ir. Soekarno Sukoharjo with shortness of breath and intermittent fever for six days, accompanied by vomiting, decreased appetite and fluid intake, cough, weakness, runny nose, and oral sores. Physical examination revealed a weak general condition, compos mentis consciousness, dyspnea, wheezing, and fine wet rales in both lung bases. Dysmorphic facial features consistent with Down syndrome were observed. Laboratory findings showed leukopenia, eosinopenia, and elevated RDW-CV, while chest radiography indicated bilateral bronchopneumonia. Management included intravenous fluids, antibiotics, antipyretics, antiemetics, and bronchodilators. The patient was diagnosed with sixth-day fever due to bronchopneumonia, mild-to-moderate dehydration, recurrent nausea and vomiting, atrial septal defect, and Down syndrome.

Health problems in older adults, particularly oral function disorders, often lead to serious complications such as chewing difficulties, which disrupt adequate nutritional intake and may trigger broader health issues including malnutrition, aspiration pneumonia, and a decline in overall quality of life. One intervention that has been introduced to address these challenges is the PATAKARA exercise, a simple oral rehabilitation technique designed to strengthen oral and facial muscles. This study aimed to analyze the effect of PATAKARA exercise on the oral function of older adults at Roujin Home Seseragi No Sato Zao, Japan. The research employed a quasi-experimental approach with a One Group Pretest-Post Test Design. The study population consisted of 75 older adults, with 40 participants selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) questionnaire and analyzed with the Wilcoxon test. Findings showed that most participants were in the advanced elderly category (≥80 years), predominantly female, and had a secondary education background. Prior to the intervention, the majority exhibited moderate oral function, while after the exercise, most participants demonstrated improved oral function categorized as good. Statistical analysis revealed a significant effect of the PATAKARA exercise on oral function (p = 0.000). The results suggest that PATAKARA exercise effectively enhances oral muscle strength, including the lips, tongue, pharynx, and larynx, thereby improving chewing, swallowing, and speech functions. This exercise can be recommended as a practical, non-invasive, and low-cost intervention to support oral health and overall well-being among older adults.

Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) is a disease that attacks the respiratory system and is classified as an infectious disease. This disease can be caused by various types of microorganisms such as viruses, bacteria, or fungi, but most cases of ARI are caused by viral infections. ARI includes conditions such as the common cold, bronchitis, pharyngitis, and pneumonia. In developing countries, ARI is a leading cause of death, especially in children under the age of five. Lack of access to health services, poor sanitation, and malnutrition are factors that contribute to this condition. Therefore, efforts to prevent and treat ARI are crucial, both through conventional and alternative medicine. One herbal plant that has long been used in complementary therapy for ARI is Echinacea, which comes from the flowering plant Echinacea purpurea and is native to the United States. Echinacea is believed to have immunostimulant properties, meaning it can stimulate the immune system, thereby helping to prevent and accelerate the healing of upper respiratory tract infections. Several studies have shown that the use of Echinacea can reduce the duration and severity of ARI symptoms, as well as reduce the risk of recurrent infections. However, research findings on the effectiveness and safety of Echinacea continue to show significant variation. Some clinical trials report significant benefits, while others find no significant effect compared to placebo. Therefore, a systematic review aims to gather the latest evidence regarding the effectiveness and safety of Echinacea in the treatment and prevention of acute respiratory infections (ARI). This approach is expected to yield stronger and more reliable conclusions to support the use of Echinacea as a safe and effective alternative therapy.

Introduction: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease or often referred to as COPD, is a disease that occurs due to limited airflow, this is caused by abnormalities of the airways and/or damage to the alveoli, abnormalities or damage that occurs are caused by significant exposure to hazardous particles or gases, not only due to exposure, COPD is also influenced by lung abnormalities. Dyspnea is a condition that describes a sensation of shortness of breath, which is characterized by obstruction of airflow, or difficulty breathing and chest tightness which is often associated with heart or respiratory disease. Purpose: This study is to determine the management of physiotherapy in cases of right chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Method: This study uses a case report approach in patients with right chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by providing interventions in the form of nebulizers, pulsed lip breathing and muscle release for 4 weeks 5x meetings with doses of 3 times a day every week. Evaluation is carried out using the vital sign index, auscultation, borg scale, MMRC scale and thorax cage mobilization examination. Results: evaluation measurements using vital sign index, auscultation, borg scale, MMRC scale and thorax cage examination. Thus, the results show an increase and decrease in the degree of shortness of breath before and after intervention. Conclusion: there is an increase and decrease in shortness of breath before and after intervention.