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This study examines profitability determinants of Indonesian manufacturing firms, emphasizing sustainable practices. Using a systematic literature review and regression analysis of secondary data from publicly-traded firms, the research analyzes the impact of financial factors (working capital, size, growth) and environmental considerations (green supply chain, sustainable finance) on profitability. Findings provide recommendations for firms, policymakers, and stakeholders to enhance profitability and environmental sustainability amidst climate change challenges.

Working capital is to finance the company's daily operations, such as paying salaries, buying raw materials, paying transportation, paying debts, paying electricity accounts, and paying other costs. The purpose of this study is to analyze the behavior of data on profitability, liquidity, and leverage variables on working capital. Quantitative methods emphasize aspects of measurement and calculation. The manufacturing company used a research method, namely purposive sampling. The data used is secondary data sourced from the statement of financial position and profit and loss in the company's annual report. This study was conducted to determine whether each independent variable affects the dependent variable. The results of this study indicate that Profitability, Liquidity, and Leverage together (simultaneously) have a significant effect on Working Capital. Based on the results of partial panel data analysis, the Profitability variable has a negative effect on Working Capital. The Liquidity variable has a positive and significant effect on Working Capital. Leverage variable has a negative effect on Working Capital.    

This research aims to analyze and determine how the effect of working capital turnover, receivable turnover, and total asset turnover on profitability (Return on Asset) in forestry and paper sub sector companies listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2018-2022. This research is quantitative research using secondary data which is taken from the company’s annual financial reports. Purposive sampling is used in this research to take samples. The analytical techniques used are panel data regression analysis with the help of Eviews 9 software. Based on the research that has been carried out, it can be concluded that partially the working capital turnover and total asset turnover have no effect on profitability, whereas receivable turnover has an effect on profitability. Simultaneously, working capital turnover, receivable turnover, and total asset turnover had an effect on profitability in forestry and paper sub sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2018-2022.

Suriana. 2023. Analysis of Working Capital on Increasing Income at PT Bulungan Tiga Putra Mandiri. STIM-LPI Makassar Management Study Program Thesis (Supervised by Drs. Sabirin Iskandar, M. Si., and Dr. Khairina Rosyadah, S.E., M.M). This research aims to determine whether working capital increases income at PT. Bulungan Tiga Putra Mandiri. The object of this research is PT. Bulungan Tiga Putra Mandiri, a corporation which operates in the trading business of heavy systems and fruit peels. The data used is primary data. The sample in this research is the financial report of PT Bulungan Tiga Putra Mandiri for 3 years.The results of this research show that calculating financial data using activity ratio and profitability ratio analysis shows that the company's working capital at PT. Bulungan Tiga Putra is decreasing from 2020 to 2022, resulting in a decrease in income and even a loss.

Furniture business units in the city of Tasikmalaya altogether had 217 business units in 2018 with an investment value of IDR 28,677,699,000, a production value of IDR 82,656,245,000 and absorbing a workforce of 1,538 people. The aim of this research is to gain a better understanding of the use of raw materials, capital and labor by furniture craftsmen in Tamansari District, Tasikmalaya City. The analytical tools used in this research are multiple regression, coefficient of determination, and hypothesis testing. Multiple regression is used to identify the relationship between independent variables (raw materials, capital, labor) and dependent variables (income of furniture craftsmen). The research results show that raw materials, working capital and labor have a significant influence on the income of furniture craftsmen in Tamansari District, Tasikmalaya City. This means that efficient use of raw materials, capital and labor can increase the income of furniture craftsmen in the region. These results can be used as a basis for developing and improving the business of furniture craftsmen in Tasikmalaya City

The purpose of this research is to analyze the effect of net working capital, solvency and company size on profitability. There are independent variables including net working capital using Net Working Capital, solvency using Debt to Equity Ratio, company size using natural logarithm of total assets and the dependent variable profitability using Net Profit Margin. The sample in this research uses the food and beverage sub-sector which is listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2019-2021 period, publishes annual financial reports for 2019-2021, as well as entities with complete financial report data related to research variables, entities earn profits throughout 2019- 2021, entities that publish their financial reports in rupiah currency in 2019-2021 using the non-purposive sampling method. In this research, there were 20 entities that supported the research sample criteria, so that 60 financial report data were obtained. This research method uses classical assumption tests such as normality, multicollinearity, heteroscedasticity and autocorrelation used in this research. Furthermore, the hypothesis is tested with the F test, t test and the coefficient of determination. The research test uses multiple regression analysis with multiple regression equation models. Based on the test findings, it is known that working capital has no impact on profitability, solvency has a negative impact on profitability and company size has a positive impact on profitability in food and beverage sub-sector entities listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2019-2021.