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Language plays a crucial role in human daily activities. In using language, people cannot avoid using various language varieties that reflect the context and social background of the speakers. Therefore, the importance of sociolinguistic studies has a major influence in recognizing language variations that emerge in communication, especially in the digital space. This study aims to examine the language variations used in comments on the Instagram account of Nur Rofiah, a public figure who is known to be active in voicing gender justice issues from an Islamic perspective. This study uses a sociolinguistic approach to identify forms of language variation and the social factors that influence them. Data were collected through documentation methods on comments on a number of Nur Rofiah's uploads that were considered representative. The results of the study show that there are various language variations, including variations based on dialect, level of formality, use of mixed language (code-mixing), and emotive varieties that reflect the identity and social background of the user. In addition, it was found that factors such as age, gender, educational background, and ideological orientation also influence language choices in digital interactions. These findings indicate that social media is not only a communication space, but also an arena for expressing people's social and ideological identities.

Language is a means of communication used by humans to interact, express ideas, and build social relationships. Indonesian, as both the national and official language, plays a significant role in the lives of the Indonesian people. In addition to serving as a national identity, it functions as a unifying tool for the country's diverse ethnicities, cultures, and regional languages. This study aims to explain the functions of Indonesian as the national and official language, as well as to examine its language varieties based on usage situations, communication media, and fields of application. The research uses a library research method by exploring and analyzing various relevant literature, including academic books, journal articles, conference proceedings, and official documents. The findings indicate that Indonesian has various forms depending on the context and communication situation. These include formal and informal language, spoken and written forms, and variations based on specific fields such as science, law, journalism, and literature. This diversity reflects the flexibility of Indonesian in meeting the communication needs of society. Beyond being a communication tool, Indonesian also plays important social and cultural roles by strengthening social bonds and serving as a medium for preserving and developing national culture.