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This study examines the relationship between organizational culture and the sustainability of public service innovation within government bureaucracy. Although many public service innovations show positive results in the initial stages, many do not sustain in the long term. This indicates the presence of fundamental factors affecting innovation sustainability, one of which is organizational culture. Organizational culture plays a role in shaping the behavior, values, and work methods of civil servants in providing services to the public. This study aims to analyze the role of organizational culture in supporting or hindering the sustainability of public service innovations. Using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach, this study analyzes 20 relevant scientific articles from 2002 to 2025. The results indicate that hierarchical, rigid, and administratively-oriented organizational cultures hinder innovation sustainability. Other factors such as low leadership support, limited incentives, and resistance to change also strengthen these barriers. Conversely, an open, collaborative, and adaptive organizational culture to change enhances the likelihood of innovation sustainability. In conclusion, the success of public service innovations is greatly influenced by the organizational culture underlying the behavior of civil servants. Therefore, transforming organizational culture to be more innovative and adaptive is a strategic step to strengthen the sustainability of innovation.

Planning and improving the performance of educational organizations is a strategic issue that requires a managerial approach integrated with psychological aspects. This study aims to examine and synthesize factors influencing organizational performance through a management psychology approach. The method used was a qualitative systematic literature review design for scientific articles from 2022–2025 obtained from Google Scholar. Data collection techniques were carried out through documentation and article selection based on inclusion criteria, resulting in seven articles for analysis. Data analysis used a thematic approach to identify patterns and relationships between findings. The results showed that organizational performance improvement is influenced by three main factors: structured human resource planning, effective organizational communication, and transformational leadership and work motivation as psychological factors. These findings indicate that integration between structural and psychological aspects plays a crucial role in improving organizational effectiveness. In conclusion, a management approach that integrates planning and psychological factors can improve the performance of educational organizations sustainably.

UMKM Digital transformation in local governance is an important instrument in realizing the principles of good governance, especially in regions with complex geographical challenges. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of e-government implementation at the district level in encouraging community participation in the local development planning process, using a case study of the Fof District Office, Tambrauw Regency. The methods used were descriptive qualitative through field observations, in-depth interviews with district officials and community leaders, and analysis of development documents. The data was analyzed through the stages of reduction, presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study show that the implementation of e-government in Fef District is in a transition phase. Bureaucratic digitization improves administrative efficiency and transparency of public information. However, its effectiveness in expanding community participation is still low. The main obstacles include limited telecommunications infrastructure in several villages and low community digital literacy. As a result, participation in Musrenbang remains dominated by conventional mechanisms, while digital platforms serve primarily as a means of one-way reporting. This study emphasizes that the success of digital transformation depends on the readiness of infrastructure and community capacity, so a hybrid approach that integrates technology with local wisdom is needed to strengthen participation in regional development.

Digital revolution and the disruption of the global labor market have made public organizations, especially vocational training institutions, even more complicated. This study seeks to examine the impact of dynamic skills on institutional resilience, with innovative leadership serving as a mediating variable. The study employed a quantitative methodology, utilizing data collected from 180 employees at the Medan Vocational and Productivity Training Center (BBPVP). We used Structural Equation Modeling based on Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) to look at the data. The findings indicate that dynamic capabilities exert a positive and significant influence on institutional resilience, underscoring the necessity for an organization to identify, capitalize on opportunities, and adapt to change. Dynamic qualities also have a big effect on inventive leadership, which is very important for making organizational change happen. Innovative leadership demonstrably influences institutional resilience and serves as a partial mediator between dynamic capabilities and institutional resilience. This research offers a theoretical advancement by synthesizing institutional theory, dynamic capacities, and innovative leadership to elucidate public organizational resilience. In practical terms, the findings of this study have significant significance for enhancing the adaptive capacity of vocational training institutions in the context of digital disruption.

This study seeks to investigate the direct impact of digital transformational leadership on employee engagement and to analyze the mediating function of work-life balance within higher education institutions in Medan. A quantitative methodology was utilized, employing a survey technique with a structured questionnaire disseminated to professors at higher education institutions in North Sumatra Province. The study's population and sample consisted of 120 permanent academics in North Sumatra Province. We utilized a questionnaire to collect data and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to analyze it. The findings indicated that digital transformative leadership exerted a favorable and significant impact on lecturer engagement. Nonetheless, work-life balance was not demonstrated to be a significant mediator or moderator in this relationship. This study demonstrates that within the framework of digital transformation, professor engagement is more significantly affected by leadership practices than by perceptions of work-life balance. Digital leadership that works can give teachers more power and make them more interested, but problems that come with the digital invasion need to be handled carefully. This study suggests that companies, particularly higher education institutions, should prioritize the enhancement of digital leadership capacity to sustain and elevate employee engagement in the digital age.

Leadership constitutes a critical determinant of organizational efficiency, yet the relationship between leadership styles and administrative effectiveness remains incompletely understood, particularly across different institutional contexts. This comparative study examines how transformational, transactional, and laissez-faire leadership styles influence administrative efficiency in public and private sector institutions in Indonesia. Using a mixed-methods approach, quantitative data were collected from 428 employees across 28 public institutions and 24 private organizations through validated survey instruments; qualitative data were gathered through 36 semi-structured interviews with organizational leaders and managers. Results reveal significant positive relationships between transformational leadership and administrative efficiency in both sectors (β = 0.54, p < 0.001 for public; β = 0.48, p < 0.001 for private), with transactional leadership showing moderate positive effects (β = 0.32 public; β = 0.38 private) and laissez-faire leadership demonstrating negative relationships (β = −0.28 public; β = −0.24 private). Leadership styles collectively explain 52% of efficiency variance. Mediation analysis reveals that organizational culture (28%), employee engagement (35%), and trust in leadership (22%) partially mediate transformational leadership's effects, together accounting for 62% of total indirect effects. Sector differences emerged qualitatively: transformational leadership leverages public service motivation in public institutions, while transactional leadership's performance accountability resonates more strongly in private organizations. The study contributes theoretical understanding of leadership effectiveness across institutional contexts and provides practical guidance for developing contextually appropriate leadership development programs.

Good governance has become a crucial framework for improving public sector effectiveness, accountability, and responsiveness to citizens’ needs. In Indonesia, decentralization policies since 1999 have devolved significant authority and resources to local governments, creating both opportunities and challenges in implementing good governance principles. This study examines administrative reform efforts in Indonesian local governments, focusing on progress, challenges, and key success factors. Using a multiple case study design, the research analyzed reform initiatives in six district/city governments with diverse contexts. Data were collected through document analysis, semi-structured interviews with government officials, civil society representatives, and citizens, as well as direct observation of administrative processes conducted between March and November 2024. The study assessed six core principles of good governance: participation, transparency, accountability, effectiveness and efficiency, equity and inclusiveness, and rule of law. The findings reveal variations in implementation across regions, with high-performing governments demonstrating strong leadership commitment, systematic planning, active citizen engagement, and effective monitoring mechanisms. However, challenges persist, including limited capacity, bureaucratic resistance, weak accountability enforcement, and low public participation. Key success factors include visionary leadership, capacity development, strategic partnerships, and institutional strengthening. Policy recommendations emphasize enhancing local capacity, accountability systems, citizen participation, and performance evaluation. Good governance has become a crucial framework for improving public sector effectiveness, accountability, and responsiveness to citizens’ needs. In Indonesia, decentralization policies since 1999 have devolved significant authority and resources to local governments, creating both opportunities and challenges in implementing good governance principles. This study examines administrative reform efforts in Indonesian local governments, focusing on progress, challenges, and key success factors. Using a multiple case study design, the research analyzed reform initiatives in six district/city governments with diverse contexts. Data were collected through document analysis, semi-structured interviews with government officials, civil society representatives, and citizens, as well as direct observation of administrative processes conducted between March and November 2024. The study assessed six core principles of good governance: participation, transparency, accountability, effectiveness and efficiency, equity and inclusiveness, and rule of law. The findings reveal variations in implementation across regions, with high-performing governments demonstrating strong leadership commitment, systematic planning, active citizen engagement, and effective monitoring mechanisms. However, challenges persist, including limited capacity, bureaucratic resistance, weak accountability enforcement, and low public participation. Key success factors include visionary leadership, capacity development, strategic partnerships, and institutional strengthening. Policy recommendations emphasize enhancing local capacity, accountability systems, citizen participation, and performance evaluation.

This study investigates collaborative governance in road infrastructure repair in Pekanbaru City, Riau Province, driven by the urgent need to address the high number of damaged roads and the limitations of local government capabilities. Utilizing a qualitative method with a descriptive approach, data were gathered from interviews with five stakeholders, field observations, and supporting documents. The study applies collaborative governance theory by Emerson and Nabatchi to analyze road repair efforts in Pekanbaru, highlighting effective collaborative dynamics. Key findings reveal the establishment of a Coordination Team, role clarity, trust, and commitment among stakeholders as factors of success. Essential contributing elements include shared cooperation needs, consequential incentives, leadership support, and sufficient resources. However, challenges such as a volatile political climate, unequal information distribution, and power imbalances pose barriers to collaboration. Overall, the study concludes that collaborative governance in Pekanbaru's road infrastructure enhancement has yielded positive outcomes but calls for improvements in transparency, communication strategies, and the establishment of an integrated information system for effective progress monitoring. Additionally, independent oversight mechanisms are recommended to sustain equitable role distribution and responsibilities among all parties involved.

This study aims to analyze the role of the Protocol Division in supporting the activities and performance of regional leaders, particularly from the functional and interpersonal aspects in local government administration. The study employs a qualitative approach using Qualitative Secondary Analysis (QSA) through a review of literature, policy documents, and relevant previous research on protocol functions within government organizations. The analysis is grounded in organizational role theory and managerial role concepts. The results indicate that the Protocol Division plays a strategic role in supporting the effectiveness of regional leaders’ duties through two main dimensions. First, the functional role, which includes managing the regional leader’s activity agenda, organizing protocol-related events, arranging official ceremonies, and coordinating with regional apparatus and relevant institutions to ensure smooth implementation of government activities. Second, the interpersonal role, which encompasses acting as a communication liaison between the regional leader and various stakeholders, facilitating inter-agency working relationships, and supporting the representative function of the regional leader in official and community social events. The findings suggest that the successful execution of regional leaders’ activities is influenced not only by the leaders’ own leadership capacity but also by the effectiveness of organizational support from units that assist leadership, such as the Protocol Division. This role contributes to enhancing coordination effectiveness, ensuring smooth implementation of government activities, and strengthening the image and authority of regional leaders in performing their leadership functions. Therefore, strengthening institutional capacity, improving human resource competencies, and utilizing information technology in managing leadership activities are crucial factors in optimizing the role of the Protocol Division in local governance.

Islamic leadership faces significant challenges related to personal integrity and institutional governance, requiring a comprehensive theoretical study to bridge these gaps. This research aims to examine the integration of prophetic values with system improvement to strengthen Islamic leadership in the modern context. The study employs a qualitative approach based on literature review and textual analysis, exploring Islamic leadership theories, public administration practices, and historical experiences of Islamic civilization. The findings indicate that Islamic leadership becomes more effective when the personal integrity of leaders is aligned with adaptive, transparent, and accountable institutional systems. These results emphasize that system improvement is necessary to ensure moral values are not limited to individual practice but embedded within organizational governance and social institutions. The study also highlights the relevance of Islamic leadership in addressing the era of disruption, where synergy between prophetic character and institutional reform is essential for sustainability. The research recommends emphasizing the synergy between moral values and system improvement so that Islamic leadership can sustainably address social challenges while remaining relevant to modern demands and contemporary societal needs.   

This study aims to analyze the practice of interfaith communication in the process of institutionalizing multicultural values ​​in Pekalongan City. The study uses a qualitative approach with ethnographic methods through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation of religious leaders involved in interfaith communication activities. The results show that the practice of interfaith communication occurs through dialogue between religious leaders and open communication interactions in various community forums. From the perspective of George Herbert Mead's symbolic interaction, this communication process demonstrates an exchange of meaning (mind) that builds a shared understanding of tolerance and respect for differences. In addition, interfaith communication also shapes the self-awareness of religious leaders as social agents maintaining harmony (self) while strengthening inclusive social relations in a multicultural society (society). The research findings indicate that interfaith communication functions in two ways: first, as a means of dialogue between religious leaders, and second, as a social mechanism in the institutionalization of multicultural values ​​that supports the realization of religious harmony in Pekalongan City.

Zakat is a key instrument in the Islamic economic system, functioning as a mechanism for income redistribution and poverty alleviation. However, zakat management at the level of mosque-based Zakat Collection Units (Unit Pengumpul Zakat/UPZ) still faces significant challenges, particularly in terms of managerial capacity, administrative systems, and institutional governance. This community service project aims to optimize the collection and distribution of zakat through capacity building of the UPZ management at Al-Hidayah Mosque, Mandailing Natal. The study employed a participatory approach consisting of observation, joint planning, socialization, training, mentoring, and evaluation stages. Data were collected using observation, interviews, and structured questionnaires administered through pre-test and post-test to measure participants’ knowledge improvement. Data analysis was conducted using a descriptive comparative method to assess changes before and after the intervention. The results indicate a significant improvement in the managerial capacity of UPZ administrators, as reflected by an increase in the average score from 55% in the pre-test to 80% in the post-test. In addition, improvements were observed in zakat management practices, including the establishment of simple financial recording systems, the development of a structured database of donors (muzakki) and beneficiaries (mustahik), and enhanced transparency and accountability. Qualitatively, the program also fostered behavioral change among administrators, the emergence of local leadership, and increased public trust in the UPZ. This study concludes that participatory-based socialization, training, and mentoring are effective in strengthening institutional capacity and optimizing zakat management at the grassroots level. The findings highlight the importance of governance and capacity building in enhancing the effectiveness of community-based zakat institutions.

This study aims to analyze the practice of collaborative governance in the innovation of population administration services through the integrated marriage legalization (isbat nikah) program implemented by the Civil Registration and Population Office (Dukcapil) in collaboration with the Religious Court. The program represents a governmental initiative to provide legal certainty for unregistered marriages while improving citizens’ access to legal identity documents. This research employs a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis to examine inter-organizational collaboration in public service delivery. The analytical framework refers to the collaborative governance model developed by Chris Ansell and Alison Gash, focusing on three key dimensions: starting conditions, institutional design, and facilitative leadership. The findings indicate that the initial conditions of collaboration were driven by the high number of unregistered marriages and the institutional limitations of each agency in addressing the issue independently. In terms of institutional design, the collaboration is supported by formal cooperation agreements, clear division of roles, and integrated service mechanisms among participating institutions. Furthermore, facilitative leadership plays a crucial role in fostering coordination, communication, and shared commitment among stakeholders. The study concludes that collaborative governance in the integrated marriage legalization service program enhances the effectiveness of population administration services while providing legal certainty for citizens.

Bureaucracies worldwide face increasing pressure to innovate due to rising citizen expectations, technological disruption, and fiscal constraints. The digital era offers significant opportunities to transform public service delivery by overcoming traditional administrative barriers. This study employs a multiple case study design, analyzing 18 innovative public service initiatives in Indonesia recognized for service innovation. Data were collected through document analysis, semi-structured interviews, and direct observations. Using Innovation Diffusion Theory and Institutional Theory, the study examines innovation adoption, implementation, and sustainability. The findings show that successful bureaucratic innovations share six key characteristics: strong leadership, citizen-centric design, effective use of digital technologies, incremental implementation, institutionalization through regulations, and external partnerships. However, major barriers include rigid regulations, risk-averse organizational culture, fragmented authority, limited resources, inadequate digital infrastructure, and political influences. Digital technology plays a crucial enabling role, yet it must be supported by organizational change, capacity building, and cultural transformation. This study provides policy recommendations to support regulatory reform, strengthen innovation systems, and foster innovation-friendly public sector environments.

The digital transformation of public administration represents a critical pathway toward modernizing governance, enhancing service delivery, and improving transparency in Indonesian government agencies. This study examines the current state of digital transformation initiatives across various levels of government in Indonesia, identifying key challenges and opportunities in implementing digital technologies within bureaucratic structures. Through a convergent parallel mixed-methods design combining surveys of 245 government officials from 32 agencies and in-depth interviews with 28 digital transformation leaders, this research reveals that while Indonesian government agencies have made significant progress, substantial barriers remain including limited digital infrastructure in remote regions, resistance to organizational change, insufficient digital literacy among civil servants, and inadequate legal frameworks. The overall mean maturity score was 2.87 (SD = 0.74), placing the average agency in the 'developing' category, with only 6% reaching the 'optimizing' level. The study identifies critical success factors: strong leadership commitment (β = 0.38, p < 0.001), citizen-centric design, comprehensive change management, and effective public-private partnerships. Findings indicate that successful digital transformation requires not merely technological adoption but fundamental organizational restructuring and cultural shifts toward data-driven decision-making and collaborative governance. Policy recommendations address digital infrastructure investment, human capital development, governance reform, and shared platform utilization. This research contributes to theoretical understanding of digital government in developing nations and provides practical guidance for policymakers navigating the complexities of public sector digitalization.

This study aims to evaluate the impact of leadership education and training on organizational service effectiveness within the Tambrauw Regency Government, Papua. Leadership training is an important instrument in developing the competencies of Civil Servants to enhance leadership capacity, managerial skills, and public service quality. However, its implementation needs evaluation to determine its impact on organizational performance and service effectiveness. This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis. The analytical framework applied is the Kirkpatrick training evaluation model, covering reaction, learning, behavior, and results. Data collection was conducted through documentation studies, policy analysis, and literature review on civil servant development and public services. The results indicate that leadership training has a positive impact on improving civil servant competencies and service effectiveness. At the reaction level, participants showed high satisfaction with training materials and methods. At the learning level, there was improvement in leadership knowledge and skills. At the behavior level, participants demonstrated more professional work attitudes, better coordination, and improved decision-making. At the results level, training contributed to improved service quality, efficiency, and innovation. However, challenges remain, including limited resources, hierarchical bureaucratic culture, and weak policy support. Therefore, strong local government commitment is needed to enhance training quality and organizational support. This study contributes to public administration research and offers practical insights for policy development.

Zakat is a key instrument in the Islamic economic system, functioning as a mechanism for income redistribution and poverty alleviation. However, zakat management at the level of mosque-based Zakat Collection Units (Unit Pengumpul Zakat/UPZ) still faces significant challenges, particularly in terms of managerial capacity, administrative systems, and institutional governance. This community service project aims to optimize the collection and distribution of zakat through capacity building of the UPZ management at Al-Hidayah Mosque, Mandailing Natal. The study employed a participatory approach consisting of observation, joint planning, socialization, training, mentoring, and evaluation stages. Data were collected using observation, interviews, and structured questionnaires administered through pre-test and post-test to measure participants’ knowledge improvement. Data analysis was conducted using a descriptive comparative method to assess changes before and after the intervention. The results indicate a significant improvement in the managerial capacity of UPZ administrators, as reflected by an increase in the average score from 55% in the pre-test to 80% in the post-test. In addition, improvements were observed in zakat management practices, including the establishment of simple financial recording systems, the development of a structured database of donors (muzakki) and beneficiaries (mustahik), and enhanced transparency and accountability. Qualitatively, the program also fostered behavioral change among administrators, the emergence of local leadership, and increased public trust in the UPZ. This study concludes that participatory-based socialization, training, and mentoring are effective in strengthening institutional capacity and optimizing zakat management at the grassroots level. The findings highlight the importance of governance and capacity building in enhancing the effectiveness of community-based zakat institutions.

: Family well being is strongly influenced by the ability to manage finances wisely and systematically. However, low levels of financial literacy among communities often lead to issues such as imbalance between income and expenditure and lack of proper financial planning. This community service program aimed to improve the understanding and skills of PKK women in Ngaresrejo Village, Sidoarjo, in managing household finances. The method used was a participatory approach consisting of socialization, educational sessions, group discussions, and hands-on assistance in simple financial record-keeping. A total of 25 participants were actively involved in all stages of the program. Evaluation was conducted using pre-test and post-test assessments, as well as participant feedback on the implementation process. The results showed an increase in participants’ understanding from 39% in the pre-test to 61% in the post-test. In addition, 63% of participants expressed satisfaction with the program, indicating that the activity was relevant and beneficial. Qualitatively, the program also encouraged positive behavioral changes in financial management, such as recording income and expenses, prioritizing needs, and improving saving habits. Furthermore, the emergence of active participants as local leaders indicates the potential sustainability of the program within the community. In conclusion, this community service program effectively enhances family financial literacy and contributes to improving community well-being in a sustainable manner.

The era of digital disruption has given birth to the phenomenon of post-truth and massive disinformation, which triggers sharp political polarization on social media, thereby threatening democratic stability and social integration in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of implementing Islamic political ethics (Siyasah Syar’iyah) and the transformation of Tabayyun values as instruments for mitigating information disorder in the digital public sphere. The rationale for this research is the urgent need for a robust ethical framework to complement technical-secular digital literacy, which has been deemed insufficient in curbing emotional sentiments and religious hoaxes. The research method employed is qualitative with a library research approach, integrating various contemporary scientific references from the last five years (2020-2025). The research findings indicate that Islamic political ethics offers a holistic solution through the reconstruction of transcendental values in cyberspace activities. The main finding (novelty) of this research is the "Cyber Activism Based on Amar Ma’ruf Nahi Munkar" model, which synergizes the role of Islamic Religious Education (PAI), revelation-based media literacy, and moderate-characterized digital leadership. This model transforms netizens from mere information consumers into agents of "Digital Piety" who actively produce counter-narratives to create a civilized and integrated digital ecosystem.

This research was motivated by the low Food Security Index in Serang City, particularly in Unyur Village, which became the target area of the Safe Food Village Program initiated by the Serang BBPOM in 2021. The program aims to increase community independence in achieving sustainable food safety through community empowerment, especially among housewives. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Safe Food Village Program in Unyur Village. The research used a descriptive qualitative method and applied the Van Meter and Van Horn policy implementation model as the analytical framework. The results indicate that the program implementation has not yet run optimally or sustainably on an independent basis. The main obstacles include poor communication and coordination between village authorities and food safety cadres, limited human resources and lack of financial incentives for cadres, low leadership commitment in integrating the program into village work plans, and budget limitations after BBPOM intervention ended. Nevertheless, the social conditions and community infrastructure in Unyur Village actually have strong potential to support program sustainability if utilized strategically by the village government.