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During the COVID-19 pandemic, women in Bangladesh encountered higher financial crises than men. This aggravated pre-existent gender disparities in employment, income, and resource consumption. Therefore, the study investigates the extent to which the pandemic exacerbated discrepancies. It provides remedies based on proliferating electronic commerce networks. Furthermore, data from the World Bank, International Labor Organization, and UN for Women was gathered to evaluate the gender-based impact of COVID-19 on economic opportunities within Bangladesh, influencing e-commerce from an economic perspective across Bangladesh. The research findings reveal that Bangladesh possesses the potential to encompass electronic commerce within economic settings and empower women to engage in economic projects. Furthermore, the research recommends focusing on different cultural and policy settings to create further economic opportunities in Bangladesh. Future studies should attempt to study the effects of infrastructure and cultural norms on e-commerce and its potential to bridge the gender gap across varying regional settings.

Erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) is a type 2 leprosy reaction caused by the humoral immune response of Mycobacterium leprae, which results in inflammatory nodules on the skin that can lead to nerve and organ damage. One of the immune-mediated complications of leprosy and severe multisystem lepromatous leprosy is known as type 2 leprosy reaction or erythema nodusum leprosum (ENL). Risk factors for ENL can be influenced by age, educational attainment, socioeconomic status, and gender. ENL causes high morbidity and mortality and usually requires immediate medical attention. We report a case of ENL with grade 2 disability in a clinically diagnosed Multibacillary (MB) leprosy patient who had had leprosy for 20 years.

Research Objectives: Mental and psychological health are key assets for athletes to achieve success. One psychological aspect is self-confidence and anxiety prior to a match. Currently, these aspects significantly influence an athlete's ability to understand the game pattern. Therefore, knowledge regarding anxiety and self-confidence in athletes before a match begins is necessary. Purpose : This study aims to determine the levels of anxiety and self-confidence among male futsal athletes before a match. Methods:  The methodology employed is quantitative descriptive, utilizing a questionnaire comprising 31 items administered to 12 male futsal athletes. Data were analyzed descriptively using percentages and categorized according to the categories corresponding to each score obtained. Results will be presented using tables and frequency diagrams. Results: The study found that 75% of athletes still had high anxiety levels and 75% had high self-confidence levels. The lowest anxiety score was 8.33%, and self-confidence scores were in the high and very high categories. Conclusion: It is recommended that athletes regularly engage in mental training to reduce anxiety levels and maintain and enhance self-confidence, thereby optimizing performance during matches. Additionally, further research is needed involving a larger and more diverse sample, including gender differences, to identify other influencing factors.

This study explores how policewomen (Polwan) at the East Sumba Police Resort (Polres Sumba Timur) manage dual roles—as law enforcers in the public sphere and as wives and mothers within the domestic sphere. A qualitative method was employed, using data collection techniques such as field observation, in-depth interviews, and document analysis. The findings reveal that Polwan are capable of balancing their professional and familial responsibilities, despite facing challenges such as demanding work schedules, psychological stress, and limited institutional support. To overcome these obstacles, they adopt strategies such as effective time management, maintaining open communication with family members, and seeking moral support from colleagues. Overall, the study shows that policewomen possess strong adaptive capabilities in fulfilling their dual roles and contribute positively to the advancement of women's roles in public institutions. These findings are expected to inform the development of more inclusive and gender-responsive policies within the police force.

The Kampunge Arek Suroboyo Gender- and Child-Friendly (KAS-RPA) Program is an initiative launched by the Surabaya City Government to establish a child-friendly city through women's empowerment and child protection. This program focuses on various key indicators, including education, health, caregiving, safety, and creativity. This community service activity aims to provide assistance in the development of the KAS-RPA portfolio in RW 04, Gundih Sub-District, Bubutan District, Surabaya City, which serves as the designated community service site. The method employed in this community service program includes socialization of the KAS-RPA program to local cadres, followed by intensive consultations and discussions. The assistance process encompasses the identification of village potentials, collection of relevant documentation, and portfolio development in accordance with established guidelines. The outcome of this community service demonstrates the successful implementation of all KAS-RPA program indicators in RW 04, supported by the residents' favorable socio-economic awareness and educational background. This has resulted in a safe and comfortable living environment, with minimal occurrences of violations against children's rights or violence against women.In conclusion, the collaboration between facilitators and local cadres has proven effective in exploring and implementing the program's indicators. It is recommended that the program's coverage area be expanded and that similar activities be continuously conducted to maximize the program's positive impact throughout the city.

Sugar level disease or commonly called diabetes mellitus is a degenerative disease that rarely heals, often affecting health so that the quality of life can decrease. The purpose of writing this study is to find out what demographic relationship factors have an impact on the Quality of Life of Patients with Sugar Mellitus Disease or also known as Diabetes Mellitus at Hospital X. This quantitative research uses a research design on the cross sectional method. The research sample totaling 47 respondents was selected through total sampling techniques. Data was collected through the WHOQol-Bref survey instrument. The data analysis in this study applied the kendal test and the Chi-Square  test to test the relationship between the variables studied. After the research was carried out, a result was obtained that showed demographic factors, namely the age factor to the quality of life had a relationship and as seen from the kendal test with a value of Sig. 0.003 which was below 0.05), other demographic factors there were gender factors that had a relationship with quality of life which was shown through the chi-square test where  the Continuity Correction value sig = 0.022 < 0.05), In addition to demographic factors of age and gender, there are also demographic factors that have a relationship with quality of life, namely the work factor shown in the Chi-square  Test with a value of Continuity Correction sig = 0.008 < 0.05), and there are demographic factors, namely education factors and marital status factors that are not related to the quality of life of people with sugar level disease or diabetes mellitus. For the education factor shown in the kendal test where the sig value = 0.871 > 0.05), and marital status is shown in the Chi-square test based on the Pearson Chi-Square Sig value = 0.594 > 0.05), there are also demographic factors that have a relationship with quality of life, namely the long-suffering factor shown by the Chisquare test with the Pearson Chi-Square Sig value = 0.014 < 0.05). To break the chain of diabetes mellitus, actions are carried out for health workers to be able to anticipate, including periodic socialization to the community about the dangers of diabetes mellitus so that it can help people improve their quality of life by maintaining a healthy diet.

Toxic professional relationships—characterized by subtle exclusion, politicized decision-making, and emotional suppression—are a prevalent yet underexamined concern in academic institutions. This research emphasizes the psychological, pedagogical, and emotional repercussions for educators in situations characterized by workplace conflict, in contrast to prior studies that primarily examine structural factors. The study seeks to examine how educators perceive, interpret, and react to toxic dynamics, especially via reflective processes. We gathered data from three years of anonymized reflective journaling employing a qualitative, narrative-reflective methodology and conducted a theme analysis. Research highlights three main themes: the emotional effort needed to maintain professionalism despite feeling excluded, changes in teaching methods as a way to resist and find meaning, and how reflective practice helps teachers stay true to their teaching values. The analysis further demonstrates how gender and early-career status exacerbate susceptibility to toxic dynamics. The study prioritizes ethical contemplation as a transforming practice and a means of action instead of providing prescriptive solutions. Institutions should implement emotional intelligence training, equitable task allocation, and peer support mechanisms to cultivate more equal academic settings. This research advocates for a work culture founded on explicit performance expectations, mutual respect, compassion, and integrity in education, facilitating a deeper comprehension of teachers' authentic experiences in challenging school environments.

The aim of the study was to analyze the inflectional process towards the words in “On My Way” song’s lyric by Alan Walker feat. Sabrina Carpenter and Farukko. The study employed the descriptive-qualitative method to understand the inflectional process without numerical data. The data, which sourced from the lyrics of “On My Way” song, were collected through documentation, content-analysis, and interview techniques. Inflectional morphology was used to analyze the data through data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing and verifying. The result showed that 16 inflected words were found, which the words underwent conjugation were found the most, followed by gender and plurality.

This research aims to determine the impact of socio-demographic factors, financial experience, socialization agents, on financial literacy levels for adults in Jabodetabek. The population in this study was 300 respondents who were Jabodetabek residents aged 18 years and over who were collected via questionnaires from November to December 2022. Data analysis in this study used quantitative analysis with an analytical technique using purposive sampling. The results of this research found that the financial literacy level of Jabodetabek residents was not influenced significantly by gender, age, and family socialization agent, but was influenced significantly by education, income, experience, peers, and media financial socialization agent. Our findings indicate that individuals with higher financial literacy scores are more likely to save and hold stocks and bonds.

The development of modern Muslim fashion has significantly transformed the way Muslims express their identity, especially in Indonesia, the country with the largest Muslim population. However, the growing popularity of “modest wear” fashion does not always align with Islamic principles as taught in the Hadiths. This study aims to explore the Islamic dress code based on thematic Hadith analysis (maudhū’ī), identify core dressing principles in Islam, and evaluate their implementation within the modern Muslim fashion culture. This research applies a qualitative method through library research, employing the thematic approach to collect and analyze Prophetic traditions related to clothing. The findings reveal that Islamic principles of dress include covering the ‘awrah (private parts), avoiding excessive adornment (tabarruj), refraining from imitating the opposite gender or non-Muslim cultures, and upholding modesty and dignity. These hadiths offer ethical guidance that is not only normative but also practical in the modern socio-cultural context. The study concludes that modern Muslim fashion can serve as an effective medium for visual da'wah if it remains aligned with Hadith-based values. The synergy between religious principles and creative design can form a relevant and dignified Islamic lifestyle rooted in the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad saw.

Online media play a significant role in shaping public perception through framing processes, particularly on sensitive social issues such as protests. This study aims to analyze and compare how two Indonesian online news platforms, Kompas.com and Indozone.id, framed the student protest at Dongduk Women’s University in South Korea. This research employs a qualitative descriptive approach using Robert N. Entman’s framing model, which includes four elements: defining problems, diagnosing causes, making moral judgments, and suggesting remedies. The data were derived from two news articles published in November 2024. The findings reveal that Kompas.com applied a more critical and comprehensive framing approach, emphasizing social context, historical cases of sexual harassment, and the importance of safe spaces for women. In contrast, Indozone.id focused on the virality aspect, providing minimal analysis and omitting moral and solution-oriented framing. These differences reflect the editorial orientation of each platform and highlight the need for media literacy in an era dominated by algorithm-driven journalism. The study underscores how media framing influences public understanding of gender justice and women's education issues.

This study examines how Javanese culture is represented in the tingkeban ceremony of the second child of celebrity couple Lesti Kejora and Rizky Billar, using a critical discourse analysis approach influenced by the post-structuralist theory of Michel Foucault. The tingkeban tradition, originally a private ritual, has been reconstructed into digital entertainment, focusing on aesthetics, religious narratives, and the ideal image of motherhood. By applying Foucault’s concepts of discourse, power, and subject formation, this article reveals how cultural meanings, gender roles, and celebrity identities are formulated through discursive mechanisms on social media platforms. The findings indicate that the event is not merely a means of cultural preservation, but also a symbolic exercise of power that reinforces social norms and preferred identities, particularly those aligned with the middle-class values. In this context, tradition becomes a contested site for the construction and negotiation of meaning in contemporary discourse.

The advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) technology and social media has significantly influenced the dynamics of societal life, including women. Social media offers a space for the empowerment of women, but at the same time, it also presents various risks such as privacy violations, digital violence, and misuse of personal data. This community service activity aims to strengthen digital literacy among women, particularly in raising awareness of digital risks, protecting digital rights, and promoting safe and responsible social media use. The implementation methods of the activities include outreach in the form of workshops, discussion forums, and case simulations. The results of the activities indicate that there has been an increase in participants' knowledge about privacy in the digital world, forms of gender-based violence in the online realm, and strategies for preventing digital risks. This program is expected to serve as a model for empowering women through the enhancement of digital literacy in responding to the challenges of an increasingly digitalized era.

Intersectionality studies in contemporary English-language young adult literature are becoming increasingly relevant in revealing the complexity of character identities and their experiences. This article examines the representation of gender, race, and neurodiversity in Young Adult (YA) literature as part of narratives that reflect and challenge social norms. Using a qualitative approach based on discourse analysis and intersectionality theory, this study explores how YA authors bring together multiple identity categories to create authentic and inclusive narratives. Findings suggest that modern YA works not only feature character diversity, but also demonstrate the interaction between complex and interrelated dimensions of identity.

The purpose of the study was to determine the description of juvenile delinquency behavior that occurs in students. The study used a descriptive research method in which the author tried to reveal and describe how Juvenile Delinquency in Students of SMAN X Lengayang in Pesisir Selatan. Descriptive research is one type of research that aims to describe systematically, factually, and accurately about the facts and characteristics of a particular population. From the tests that have been carried out, the results obtained are that the level of juvenile delinquency is included in the moderate category. In the gender category, 27 male students have a moderate level of delinquency and 36 female students have a moderate level of delinquency. As for the class category, class 10 has 22 people, class XI 17 people and class XII 24 people with a moderate level of delinquency. The highest level of delinquency is in class XII, this is due to the feeling of being the most senior in school.

Gender-based violence has become a growing global problem, but in Mexico, the phenomenon of femicide has reached a concerning crisis level. Femicide, or the killing of women because of their gender identity, reflects the most extreme form of inequality and injustice experienced by women in society. This study seeks to examine the femicide crisis in Mexico as a manifestation of the state's failure to fulfill its obligation to protect women's rights. Through a qualitative descriptive approach, this study analyzes how weak legal institutions, high rates of impunity, and a deeply rooted patriarchal culture exacerbate the situation of violence against women. In addition, this study also examines the extent to which Mexico has implemented international standards, especially the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW), and how the state has failed to implement them effectively. Using the concept of state failure, this study concludes that the femicide crisis in Mexico is not only a social problem, but also reflects the state's structural inability to provide equal legal protection and justice for women. Therefore, there needs to be a comprehensive reform of the legal system and gender-responsive public policies based on human rights principles. Therefore, increasing institutional capacity and strengthening public accountability mechanisms are important steps so that the state is no longer negligent in handling femicide and is truly present for victims in a real and comprehensive manner.

The issue of women's status in Islamic family law has remained a subject of ongoing debate, particularly when examined through the interpretation of Surah An-Nisa verse 34, which designates men as leaders (qawwam) within the family. This study aims to analyze the verse using an interdisciplinary approach that integrates classical and contemporary Qur’anic exegesis with feminist theory. This approach not only explores the dynamics of interpretation from traditional scholars such as al-Tabari and Ibn Kathir to modern thinkers like Amina Wadud, but also critically examines how various strands of feminism—liberal, radical, and Islamic—provide analytical frameworks to challenge patriarchal structures in Islamic family law. This research employs a qualitative method through library research, supported by normative and juridical-historical approaches. The findings reveal that Surah An-Nisa verse 34 can be understood in a more egalitarian manner when interpreted in light of evolving social contexts, without disregarding the fundamental principles of Sharia. The study concludes that integrating Qur’anic interpretation with feminist perspectives offers the potential for a more just, inclusive, and contextually responsive understanding of Islamic family law in addressing gender equality in contemporary society.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), once primarily affecting adults, is now increasingly prevalent among adolescents due to lifestyle changes. Adolescents represent a critical age group for the development of healthy behaviors, making it essential to identify factors influencing T2DM preventive behavior. This study employed a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design, conducted in Ciledug District, Tangerang City, from April to June 2025. A total of 224 adolescents aged 15–24 years were selected using stratified random sampling. Data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test. The results showed that 49.1% of adolescents exhibited poor preventive behavior against T2DM. Gender and perceived barriers were significantly associated with preventive behavior (p < 0.05), whereas other factors such as age, family history, and other Health Belief Model (HBM) constructs were not significantly related. In conclusion, adolescents’ preventive behavior toward T2DM remains relatively low and is influenced by perceived barriers. Therefore, interventions should focus on reducing perceived barriers while enhancing environmental support and self-motivation. Active involvement from schools, governments, families, and communities is crucial to foster positive behavioral change.

Low Back Pain (LBP) is one of the most common musculoskeletal problems experienced by people in various age groups and work backgrounds. This complaint can be acute, subacute, or chronic, with various causes ranging from mechanical, degenerative, to psychosocial factors. This study aims to examine the characteristics of LBP through a literature review of several previous studies that focus on prevalence, risk factors, and their impact on patients' daily lives. The method used is a narrative literature review, with data sources coming from national and international journals, research reports, and academic repositories. The results of the study show that the prevalence of LBP is very high, with a significant percentage of occurrence in the elderly, pregnant women, administrative workers, and individuals with a sedentary lifestyle and non-ergonomic work posture. In addition to age, female gender, non-ideal body mass index, and long work duration, it was also found that psychosocial characteristics such as low social support and high work pressure play a role in triggering or worsening LBP. A study at Ibnu Sina Hospital Makassar showed that most LBP patients were elderly women with acute pain and radiological results showed lumbar spondylosis as the most common diagnosis. The conclusion of this study emphasizes the importance of prevention through ergonomic education, work stress management, and early intervention based on a healthy lifestyle. These findings are expected to be the basis for designing promotive and preventive strategies for high-risk groups.

Social media has become a new cultural space for teenagers to express themselves, interact socially, and form a self-image online. Trend culture on social media has become an important phenomenon in the dynamics of digital communication, especially among teenagers and the younger generation. Trend culture is a fluid cultural space where values, norms and identities are constantly negotiated through virtual interactions. Rapidly evolving trends through platforms such as TikTok, Instagram, and YouTube not only reflect lifestyle changes, but also become a means of self-expression, identity formation, and the search for social validation. This research aims to analyze how adolescent identity is represented through trend culture on social media in interaction patterns, meaning construction, and user self-representation. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques in the form of digital observation of active teenage users of the Instagram and TikTok platforms. The theory used is Stuart Hall's representation theory. The representation is not singular, but rather fluid and performative, depending on social dynamics, recognition needs, and symbolic interactions in digital space. The results show that cultural trends, such as viral challenges, clothing styles, the use of visual filters, and the use of certain captions, become an important medium in the construction and representation of teenage identity.