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This study aims to explain and analyze the quality of public services at the Leihitu Barat District Office. Quality public service is a key indicator in assessing the performance of local governments, particularly at the sub-district level, which directly provides services to the community. This research uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach to gain an in-depth understanding of the current service conditions. The informants in this study totaled 10 people, consisting of district officials and community members who use the services. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations of service activities at the sub-district office, and documentation of relevant supporting documents. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive qualitative analysis with a case study approach, providing a comprehensive picture of existing problems and potentials. The assessment of service quality is based on Zeithaml’s theory, which includes five main dimensions: tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. The research findings indicate that the quality of public services at the Leihitu Barat District Office has not yet met optimal standards. In terms of tangibles, it was found that physical facilities such as waiting areas, service desks, and supporting equipment are still very limited. The reliability dimension is also not well fulfilled, as the service processes are often inconsistent and not timely. The assurance dimension reflects a lack of professional ability and attitudes among officials in providing a sense of security and trust to the public. However, the dimensions of responsiveness and empathy show relatively positive developments. Some officials have demonstrated responsive and empathetic attitudes in addressing the needs and complaints of the public. Nonetheless, comprehensive improvements are still necessary. These include enhancing the quality of human resources, increasing the availability of physical infrastructure, and improving service management systems. By addressing these areas, public services at the Leihitu Barat District Office can become more effective and better aligned with community expectations.

Children's education and development are crucial aspects and a primary concern for parents, especially in the field of sports. In this context, the Science Swimming Team (SST) Sidoarjo swimming club plays a strategic role in providing quality swimming training for children. This study aims to evaluate the level of parental satisfaction with the quality of services provided by the club's coaches. Using a quantitative approach and descriptive design, this study collected data through a closed-ended questionnaire distributed to 15 respondents who were parents of students at SST. The research instrument was structured based on five dimensions of service quality: tangibles, empathy, reliability, responsiveness, and assurance. The data obtained were then analyzed descriptively quantitatively by calculating frequency distributions and percentages to obtain a clear picture of the level of parental satisfaction. The results showed that the majority of respondents, namely 53.33%, felt quite satisfied with the services provided by the coaches, while 26.67% felt satisfied, 13.33% were less satisfied, and 6.67% were dissatisfied. The reliability and responsiveness dimensions scored highest, indicating that coaches were able to provide reliable and responsive services to parents' needs. However, the tangible and empathy dimensions still need to be improved to achieve optimal satisfaction. The implications of these findings suggest that coaches and club management need to strengthen the quality of existing facilities and infrastructure and develop a more empathetic communication approach with parents. This is crucial for creating a better relationship between coaches and parents, thereby increasing their trust and satisfaction with the services provided. Future research is recommended to expand the number of respondents and identify specific factors influencing satisfaction, so that the results obtained are more comprehensive and applicable in the context of service development in swimming clubs.

This study aims to examine the influence of service quality dimensions tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy on customer satisfaction at Bank BRI Pandanaran Branch in Semarang. The research integrates service quality theory and the Service-Dominant Logic (SDL) approach as its theoretical foundation. Service quality theory assesses how well the services provided meet customer expectations, while SDL emphasizes that service value is co-created through interaction and collaboration between companies and customers. A quantitative method was employed, using a sample of 41 respondents who are offline customers at BRI Pandanaran. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results show that overall service quality has a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction. However, the tangibles and reliability dimensions were not statistically significant. In contrast, empathy, assurance, and especially responsiveness showed significant impacts. These findings support the SDL perspective, highlighting that active customer involvement, along with speed and accuracy in service delivery, are crucial elements in value co-creation, which directly influence customer satisfaction in the banking sector

MSMEs have proven to be a resilient sector in facing various economic crises in Indonesia, including the crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. However, digitalization among MSMEs in Indonesia has not yet yielded significant or tangible results. In addition, MSMEs face numerous challenges in adapting to digital markets, particularly in terms of financing. Therefore, it is essential to identify the factors that influence business development and income, particularly for culinary MSMEs in Denpasar City. This study aims to analyze the effect of People's Business Credit and the use of the QRIS on business development and income, as well as their indirect effects through business development. A quantitative approach was employed in this research, which was conducted on culinary MSMEs in Denpasar City. A total of 99 MSME units were selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected through observation and interviews, and analyzed using path analysis. The results indicate that: (1) KUR and QRIS usage have a direct positive effect on business development; (2) KUR, QRIS usage, and business development have a direct positive effect on the income of culinary MSME actors; and (3) KUR and QRIS usage indirectly influence income significantly through the mediation of business development.

This study explores the approach of fiscal policy within the framework of islamic economics, emphasizing the faundation of social justice. In this context, the state’s role goes beyond regulating the economy through instrumens such as expenditure and taxation; it also involves upholding Sharia principles that balance both spirituak and material implementation of tools like zakat, infaq, and sadaqah in wealth redistribusion and strengthening the economic stability of the ummah. This research employs a qualitative method using literature review from various academic sources. The findings indicate that islamic fiscal policy priotirizes justice, efficiency, and moral responcibility as the basis for creating collective welfare. Zakat is shown to be a vital instrument-not onlu as a form of woship but also for its tangible is believed to offer a viable alternative is believed to offer a viable alternative to address modern economic inequality.

Technological advances have brought about major changes in the world of media communication, influencing the way we interact, obtain information, and share content. The internet has become the main pillar of today's communication revolution. With easier and faster internet access, information can now be disseminated in real time to all corners of the world. The emergence of broadband technology, 5G networks, and satellite-based internet has further enhanced accessibility, even in areas that were previously difficult to reach. The rise of Instagram has provided an opportunity for environmental conservation communities to continue their advocacy efforts, and this has become a tangible example of the development of Digital Communication. The research conducted focuses on the use of hashtags in campaign types on Instagram. This research method employs a qualitative descriptive approach and a simple experiment using the tools slice.id. Data collection techniques include observation, interviews, and document studies from previous research conducted by the researchers and other researchers relevant to the study. The Ciliwung Depok Community is a community that plays a significant role in raising public awareness about the importance of preserving river ecosystems. The Ciliwung Depok Community is not involved in any political agenda; it is an independent NGO established to address concerns about the increasing transformation of the Ciliwung River from a source of life into a source of problems.

In line with the rapid advancement of digital technology, the need for an efficient, integrated, and technology-based financial management system has become  critical, particularly for educational institutions such as STT-NF. The manual management of financial reports, especially cash flow statements used spreadsheets continues to pose significant challenges, including the risk of data entry errors, delayed reporting, and the lack of real-time visibility into the institution's financial condition. This study aims to develop a web application for cash flow monitoring system using the waterfall methodology to address these issues. The waterfall model was selected due to its systematic and structured approach. The system was developed using ReactJS for the frontend, NodeJS for the backend, and PostgreSQL as the database management system. To verify system functionality, testing was conducted using the black box testing method. The results of the testing indicate that all developed features of the cash flow monitoring system functioned according to the specified requirements and operated optimally. Therefore, the system is expected to provide tangible benefits in supporting the performance of the Finance Department at STT-NF as well as the foundation, by enhancing real-time financial visibility and delivering accurate information to facilitate faster & more informed decision-making.

This community service activity aims to enhance the understanding and capacity of the Village Governments and Village Consultative Bodies (BPD) of Wonreli, Abusur, Lebelau, and Oirata in the process of formulating Village Regulations (Peraturan Desa or Perdes) that are aligned with legal principles and applicable statutory provisions. The socialization was motivated by the generally low level of understanding regarding both the procedures and substance of Perdes formulation, which has led to weak regulatory quality at the village level. The methods employed in this activity included lectures, interactive discussions, and simulations of Perdes drafting, all of which referred to Law Number 12 of 2011 on the Formation of Legislation. The results of the activity indicated a significant increase in legal awareness and participants’ understanding of the importance of legality, participation, and transparency in the village legislative process. This activity also succeeded in encouraging local initiatives to formulate village regulations that are more responsive, accountable, and tailored to the real needs of the local community. Therefore, this socialization made a tangible contribution to strengthening democratic and law-based village governance.

Quality health services are key to improving patient satisfaction among National Health Insurance (JKN) participants. This study aims to systematically review various studies that have been conducted in Indonesia related to the level of JKN patient satisfaction with health services at Community Health Centers. The method used is a literature study by selecting relevant articles published in 2023-2025. Inclusion criteria include articles that discuss the relationship between service quality and JKN patient satisfaction. A total of 11 articles that meet the criteria have been analyzed. The results of the analysis show that the dimensions of service quality that most often influence the level of patient satisfaction are reliability, responsiveness, empathy, and tangibles. Most studies also use a quantitative approach with statistical tests such as chi-square and logistic regression to analyze the relationship between variables. However, not all dimensions always significantly affect the assurance dimension in several studies showing inconsistent results. The conclusion of this study is the importance of improving the quality of health services at Community Health Centers to improve JKN patient satisfaction. Health centers must develop patient-focused service strategies by training human resources, improving service systems, and conducting continuous quality evaluations.  

Inclusive village development is a strategic priority in realizing the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), with Village-Owned Enterprises ( BUMDes ) as the driving force of the local economy. However, the participation of vulnerable groups—such as people with disabilities , the elderly, women, and the poor—is still limited in BUMDes services . This study aims to evaluate the quality of BUMDes services in Daha Utara District through the SERVQUAL (Service Quality) approach which includes five dimensions: tangibles , reliability , responsiveness , assurance , and empathy . The research method used is descriptive qualitative with a phenomenological approach . Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with three categories of participants: BUMDes managers , vulnerable groups, and community leaders. The results of the study indicate that physical facilities ( tangibles ) are not inclusive, service reliability is disrupted by limited human resources, and the assurance dimension has not been supported by ongoing training. Meanwhile, the responsiveness and empathy dimensions are relatively good interpersonally , but are not yet structured institutionally. The main obstacles identified are the lack of budget, lack of training, and the absence of a formal complaint mechanism. On the other hand, moral support from village managers and figures is a supporting factor for service transformation. This study concludes that improving the quality of inclusive services requires a transformative and participatory approach , including adaptive digitalization and active involvement of vulnerable groups in planning. These findings are expected to be the basis for making fairer and more responsive village development policies.

The implementation of the Surabaya Taekwondo City Championship 2025 is an opportunity to measure the success of sports events at the regional level, especially Surabaya City. This study aims to analyze the level of satisfaction of participants and visitors to the implementation of the 2025 Surabaya Taekwondo City Championship using the Service Quality (ServQual) method, which includes Physical Evidence (Tangibles), Reliability, Responsiveness, Assurance, and Empathy using quantitative research methods with a survey approach. Data were collected through questionnaires which distributed to coaches and guardians of championship students in Surabaya. The sampling technique used the Proportionate Stratified Random Sampling method with a total of 243 respondents. The data analysis technique uses a Likert scale which is then processed with SPSS software. The results showed that all dimensions of Service Quality have a high level of validity and are strongly correlated with visitor satisfaction. In general, the championship received a good assessment, especially in the aspects of service reliability and assurance. However, there are several aspects that need to be improved, such as facility comfort, committee communication effectiveness, and responsiveness to visitor complaints. The conclusion of this study is that the implementation of the 2025 Surabaya Taekwondo City Championship has met the satisfaction standards of participants and visitors, although there are still several aspects that need to be improved. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the quality of facilities, optimize committee communication, and strengthen the security system and services.

Reliable internet connectivity is a crucial element in supporting work effectiveness at the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) in Central Lombok. However, users of the internal WiFi network have reported various issues, including inconsistent speed and weak signal stability. This study aims to analyze user satisfaction with the WiFi network services using the Servqual method, which assesses service quality based on five dimensions: tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. A quantitative approach was employed by distributing questionnaires to employees and staff who utilize the network. Data analysis was conducted by measuring the gap between users’ expectations and their perceptions of the service quality. The results show that most dimensions experienced a negative gap, particularly responsiveness (-0.47) and tangibles (-0.40), indicating inadequate response speed and suboptimal infrastructure conditions. Conversely, assurance (+0.40) and empathy (+0.27) showed positive gaps, reflecting users’ trust in the competence of IT staff and their perceived attentiveness. These findings highlight the need for technical evaluations, infrastructure improvements, and capacity building of human resources through regular training. This research contributes to the understanding of information technology service quality in the public sector and provides a foundation for strategic decision-making to enhance digital services. Moreover, the study encourages further research using mixed methods to gain a more comprehensive understanding of user satisfaction with WiFi services in government institutions.

The Ripple Mill machine is one of the vital components in a Palm Oil Mill (PKS) that functions to separate the palm kernel from its shell. This process is very important because the quality and quantity of the palm kernel produced will directly affect the economic value and production efficiency in the palm oil industry. At PTPN IV Regional II Plantation Unit and Adolina PKS, various technical problems were found that caused a decrease in machine performance, including rotor bars and square bars that experienced wear due to age and improper machine settings. In addition, other damage that often occurs is a broken van belt due to age and excessive tension, feeder motor dysfunction caused by excessive load, and motor overheating that occurs due to age and high workload. To overcome these problems, this study uses the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) method. This method aims to identify various potential failures, assess the severity, frequency of occurrence, and detection capability, so that the Risk Priority Number (RPN) value can be calculated as a basis for repair priorities. The results showed that worn rotor bars and worn square bars had the highest RPN values, each at 280, equivalent to 40.23% of the total identified risks. This indicates that these two components are critical points requiring immediate repair and maintenance attention. Applying FMEA in this context provides tangible benefits, including helping the company formulate a more targeted maintenance strategy, reducing the risk of recurring damage, and minimizing downtime that impacts production. With more systematic maintenance, operational efficiency can be improved while extending the lifespan of the Ripple Mill machine.

The church's diaconal practice faces a crisis of effectiveness. The dominant model of charitable diakonia (almsgiving) has proven ineffective in addressing the root causes of poverty and structural injustice. Empirical studies show that this failure is often not due to a lack of resources, but rather a failure of strategic management and a narrow theological understanding of diaconal practice itself. This research argues that to respond to poverty effectively, the church requires a dual paradigmatic shift. First, a theological shift in service from charitable diakonia to transformative diakonia, grounded in Liberation Theology and Reformed social justice spirituality. Second, a conceptual shift in "management" from a secular concept to the theological practice of "Transformative Oikonomia", a prophetic stewardship rooted in scripture (Acts 6) and ecumenical frameworks (WCC). Using a qualitative literature review methodology, the author reconstructs a management model for effective and just ministry. In this model, "effectiveness" is redefined and measured not by logistical outputs, but by two theological pillars: (1) Relational Effectiveness, measured by the Theology of Hospitality (Pohl), focusing on the restoration of human dignity; and (2) Structural Effectiveness, measured by tangible contributions to the JPIC (Justice, Peace, and Integrity of Creation) agenda. This study concludes that the Transformative Oikonomia model liberates the church from the "charity trap" and enables a holistic fulfillment of the Missio Dei.

The Community Service and Practical Fieldwork Program (KPPM) serves as a tangible form of social responsibility by encouraging students to engage in meaningful activities that positively impact society. In the 2025/2026 academic year, IAKN Tarutung conducted this program involving undergraduate students, including those enrolled in the Christian Religious Education (PAK) and Church Music Education (PMG) departments. One of the designated locations for this program was Hutauruk Village in Tarutung District, North Tapanuli Regency. This study centers on the implementation of the KPPM program in Hutauruk Village, which ran from March to June 2025 and engaged students from IAKN Tarutung. The primary objectives of this research are to explore the spiritual challenges faced by the community, to present solutions developed during the program, to assess the overall impact of KPPM on the local residents, and to examine how participation in the program contributes to the students’ personal and professional development. A qualitative research approach was employed, using methods such as participatory observation, interviews, and literature review. The findings indicate that students are required to assist the BNKP (Banua Niha Keriso Protestan) Fa’omasi Tarutung Church community by working collaboratively, demonstrating creativity, actively participating, and applying effective problem-solving strategies.

Training in creating animated characters using the Scratch application serves as an introduction to block-based programming fundamentals that are simple, easy to operate, interactive, and engaging. This training offers promising competency outcomes, as students can further develop their skills through animated stories, games, or presentations. Since 2018, the Ministry of Education and Culture has promoted the integration of informatics education into the 2013 curriculum, including computational thinking skills, which are essential for both current and future generations. The partner for this community service training activity is the students of MTs Pembangunan Nurul Islam, located in Sarimulya, Setu, South Tangerang. This initiative is a tangible step toward implementing informatics learning through the introduction of block-based programming fundamentals. The training involved stages of introduction, instruction, and guidance in using the application. Based on observations and discussions with the partner school, several issues were identified in learning Information and Communication Technology (ICT). One of the causes is students’ lack of awareness of the importance of learning programming fundamentals, coupled with the stigma that programming is difficult, uninteresting, and boring. To address both technical and management issues, the proposed solutions in this community service program include: first, facilitating and providing guidance on the use of the Scratch application for MTs students, with the hope that they will understand basic programming without fear or difficulty. Second, offering engaging, interactive, simple, and easy-to-understand lessons on basic programming using Scratch, by providing example projects such as creating animated characters. The training program was implemented smoothly, and all participating students enthusiastically followed each stage of the training. Their motivation was encouraged to become familiar with programming, increasing their interest, understanding, and confidence in basic programming skills. The ultimate goal is to foster students' interest, knowledge, and skills while boosting their self-confidence in ICT learning, particularly in basic programming.

The Padat Karya (Labor-Intensive) Program is one of the strategies implemented by the Surabaya City Government to reduce poverty through local economic empowerment. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Paving Production Padat Karya Program in Siwalankerto Sub-District, Wonocolo District, Surabaya City. The research used a descriptive qualitative approach with data collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The analysis was based on Van Meter and Van Horn’s policy implementation model, which includes six indicators: policy standards and objectives, resources, inter-organizational communication, characteristics of implementing agents, social-economic-political environment, and disposition of implementers. The findings indicate that the program has not been implemented optimally. There is a lack of measurable operational indicators, limited available resources, and ineffective inter-agency coordination. Moreover, the absence of a dedicated implementation unit and weak affirmative policy support have hindered the program's sustainability. Both implementers and participants tend to be passive due to the lack of tangible economic outcomes. The study recommends strengthening institutional frameworks, improving capacity, and developing affirmative market-based policies to ensure the program's sustainability.

This article explores the relevance of the contemporary church through the lens of systematic theology by examining the concepts of visibility (the church’s tangible presence) and invisibility (its spiritual and unseen essence). The topic is crucial as many churches today face a tension between their social engagement and their spiritual identity. The central issue addressed in this research is how the church can maintain its theological integrity while remaining visibly active and impactful in an ever-changing society. This study employs a qualitative method using a literature review approach, analyzing theological texts, academic articles, and biblical references to investigate ecclesiological perspectives on integrating visibility and invisibility. The data is analyzed descriptively and reflectively to identify theological patterns and practical implications for the life of the church today. The findings reveal that a relevant church is one that successfully integrates both visible and invisible dimensions. Visibility is essential for contextual engagement with the world, while invisibility sustains spiritual depth and fidelity to Christ. This integration results in a church that is actively present in society, while also rooted in holiness, love, and prophetic mission. The study recommends that churches engage in theological reflection to reassess their identity and ministry to remain relevant without losing their spiritual direction.

The purpose of this study is to examine the service quality of PT. Pos Indonesia (Persero), Sukamerindu Branch, Bengkulu City. The method used is descriptive and qualitative, with data collection techniques including observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis was conducted through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The study assessed several dimensions: tangible evidence, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy, and good corporate governance (GCG), particularly focusing on PT. Pos Indonesia’s ethical adaptation to the local cultural values and its active role in supporting the community’s economic development as part of its corporate social responsibility. The findings indicate that the service quality at the post office is poor. Based on these results, the researcher recommends that the central management of PT. Pos Indonesia (Persero) implement strict regulations regarding excellent service standards for all employees across Indonesia. In addition, the company should provide suggestion boxes and a call center with an accessible telephone number for customers to report poor service. The public is also encouraged to play a more active role in monitoring the performance of this state-owned enterprise (SOE) by submitting complaints to the Ombudsman or through the government reporting platform, lapor.go.id.

This article examines the theological meaning of the concept of the new heaven and new earth based on Revelation 21:1-8, serving as a foundation for eternal hope for Christians. Through a qualitative theological approach, this study explores how the eschatological understanding influences the faith life and spiritual attitude of believers. The concept of the new heaven and new earth not only refers to the physical renewal of the universe at the end of time but also serves as a source of spiritual strength that fosters perseverance, faith, and hope in facing worldly struggles. Furthermore, this reflection emphasizes the role of the Church as the representation of the New Jerusalem, preparing the faithful for eternal fellowship with God. Thus, the promise of renewed creation functions as an ethical and existential foundation encouraging Christians to live faithfully, courageously, and with hope until the divine promise is fully realized. This article asserts that the hope in the new heaven and new earth has tangible implications for contemporary Christian life as a reflection of the already and yet-to-be-fulfilled Kingdom of God