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This study aims to analyze the impact of hoax news on bullying behavior in SMP Nasrani 2 Medan. The proliferation of hoax news, facilitated by social media, has become a concerning issue affecting various aspects of society. Bullying, a prevalent problem among children and adolescents, manifests in various forms such as verbal, physical, and psychological abuse. Both phenomena have significant implications for individuals and communities, leading to distrust, conflict, and unhealthy societal values.Using a qualitative descriptive approach, this research delves into the dynamics between hoax news and bullying behavior among students at SMP Nasrani 2 Medan. Data collection involves literature review and observation of student characteristics, facilitated by interviews with students, class teachers, and school principals. The analysis interprets the relationship between misinformation and bullying behavior, aiming to identify patterns and insights to understand their impact comprehensively. The findings underscore the intertwined nature of hoax news and bullying behavior. Hoax news spreads rapidly through social media, exacerbating tensions and conflicts among students. Fear, hatred, and prejudice triggered by misinformation can fuel bullying behaviors, perpetuating a cycle of intimidation and harassment. The study reveals the importance of addressing both phenomena holistically to create a safe and inclusive school environment. Strategies to mitigate the impact of hoax news on bullying include education and awareness campaigns, strengthening school policies, fostering collaboration with parents, and implementing disciplinary measures. Teachers play a crucial role in educating students about critical thinking and empathy, recognizing signs of bullying, and mediating conflicts. By adopting a proactive and collaborative approach, schools can effectively address the challenges posed by hoax news and bullying, fostering a positive learning environment for all students.

This article addresses the pastoral problem of congregants who experience persistent feelings of worthlessness, a condition that often appears at the intersection of shame, fragile self-worth, social isolation, and distorted religious interpretation. The objective is to construct a Christian pastoral counseling framework that is biblically grounded, psychologically informed, and ecclesially accountable. This study uses a qualitative constructive literature design through critical synthesis of recent journal articles and classical pastoral counseling. The analysis identifies four main findings. First, worthlessness should not be reduced to moral weakness or lack of faith because it involves psychological, relational, and spiritual dynamics. Second, churches may either intensify shame through stigma and spiritual reductionism or become restorative communities through hospitality, lament, and safe accompaniment. Third, pastoral counseling requires a movement from empathic assessment, validation, and narrative clarification toward theological reframing of identity in Christ. Fourth, responsible pastoral care includes collaboration with mental health professionals when risk, trauma, or clinical symptoms exceed pastoral competence. The implication is a constructive model in which pastoral counseling helps congregants reinterpret self-worth through grace, embodied community, and disciplined referral rather than through advice-giving or doctrinal correction alone.

Bullying is a form of violence that occurs in teenagers. Bullying is a form of violent behavior with the power to hurt a person or group verbally, physically or psychologically. The impact that victims of bullying have is having various mental problems and physical health complaints. Therefore, social support from the family is really needed by victims of bullying. This research is a qualitative study which aims to obtain an overview of family social support for adolescent victims of bullying so that they can restore their social functioning and regain trust. himself so that he can carry out his role in society as usual. The data source selection technique used in this research uses Qualitative methods using verbal data obtained by researchers can reveal information in more depth. So, researchers can describe the psychological dynamics of victims of bullying behavior among teenagers at school. Where the approach cannot be expressed by numbers or quantitatively.  The research results show that social support has an important role in protecting victims of bullying from psychological and physical illnesses. However, support from the family has several inhibiting factors, including rejection and withdrawal from the victim. Apart from that, family busyness, indifference or ignorance are also factors inhibitor.

In higher education settings, undergraduates also face complex dynamics that include academic pressures, social changes, and personal development demands which can negatively impact aspects of psychological well-being in students. Various elements can affect a person's psychological well-being, including culture, age, gender, and the way a person interprets experiences in their life. This study aims to determine the effect of optimism and problem-solving skills on psychological well-being in college students. This research is correlational quantitative research. The subjects in this study amounted to 135 students. The sampling technique used is random sampling. The results showed that the F value was 152.525 with a significant value of p = 0.000 where (p <0.05) which means that there is a significant effect of optimism and problem-solving ability on psychological well-being, so Ha is accepted and the R2 coefficient value (R Square) of 0.835 or (84%) which this value shows the influence of optimism and problem-solving ability on psychological well-being by 84% while the remaining 16% is influenced by other variables not examined. This study concludes that optimism and problem-solving ability affect psychological well-being positively and significantly, which means that the more optimism and problem-solving ability increase, the more psychological well-being levels will increase

This research aims to investigate the level of Subjective Well-Being (Subjective Well-Being) in students who are dating in the university environment. Subjective Well-Being includes the psychological and emotional aspects of a person's life, including happiness, life satisfaction, and positive feelings towards oneself and the surrounding environment. romance This research sample consists of students from various study programs at various semester levels. In addition, this research also tries to identify factors that may affect the level of Subjective Well-Being in the context of romantic relationships. In addition, this research can also contribute to the literature of psychology and human development by providing additional insight into the emotional and psychological dynamics in romantic relationships in the student population.

This research delves into the dynamics of motor vehicle tax compliance through a qualitative approach, exploring taxpayers' perceptions and attitudes. The identified key factors shaping attitudes toward tax obligations include regulatory complexity, clarity of rules, and personal experiences. Elements such as fairness perception, trust in the taxation system, and supervisory effectiveness also play crucial roles in forming compliance attitudes. These factors, integrated with psychological aspects, provide an in-depth understanding of taxpayer compliance behavior. While acknowledging challenges like regulatory complexity and economic inequality, the study highlights opportunities, including the application of information technology, fiscal incentive development, and cross-sector collaboration, as strategies to enhance compliance. In conclusion, a holistic and adaptive tax policy strategy, considering both local and global contexts, can foster a transparent, fair, and supportive tax environment for sustainable development.

Abortion is a complex issue involving moral, legal and health considerations. Legal exceptions to abortion are a key focus in unraveling the dynamics of this complexity. Legal views and norms regarding abortion have undergone significant changes, reflecting social changes and understandings of women's reproductive rights. This study aims to analyze the regulations and legal views that define legal exceptions to abortion in Indonesia and how they relate to mitigating women's health risks. The research method involved a literature review and juridical analysis. The results show that the Health Law and Criminal Code provide exceptions for abortion under certain medical conditions, but the 40-day maximum time limit has been criticized. The role of certified health workers and constantly updated regulations play an important role. Implementation of legal exceptions remains challenging, especially in remote areas. In responding to this debate, regulations need to consider the humanitarian and psychological aspects of rape victims.

This study aims to determine the Psychodynamic Approach in the context of leadership. The type of research used is a literature study. The data used in this study are secondary data obtained from literature reviews and websites related to the research topic. Conclusions are drawn by combining the results of previous studies with existing data and several literature references. The results of the research show that the psychodynamic approach in the study and development of leadership focuses on the dynamics of human behavior. Furthermore, the psychodynamic approach maintains the idea that psychological, social, and emotional processes between leaders and followers have a major influence.   Keywords: Psychodynamic Approach, Leadership, Leadership Development

Theft is a crime that is intended for property and goods and often occurs in society. This crime is an action that can shake the security stability of both the assets and the lives of citizens. Therefore, the Criminal Code (KUHP) emphasizes detailed and severe punishment for violators. This can be seen from the form of punishment and the threat of punishment imposed(Arief Rahman Kurniadi 2022: h.77). Theft is also a criminal act, if it is committed by an adult, he will undergo a legal process, but in general, if he is caught, he must go through the legal process that has been in effect. But it is different if the crime of theft is committed by children, and of course the legal process that is enforced is also different(Usep Tatang Suryadi and Yana Supriatna 2019: h.15).

. Child delinquency is an act that violates the norms or rules in society that is committed by children. Child delinquency is a social phenomenon caused by a form of social neglect which ultimately leads to deviant behavior or delinquency. But there are several factors that influence children to do these actions. This study aims to determine the psychological dynamics of children as perpetrators of theft, so they can handle or even prevent other children. This research uses a qualitative method, because this method can be used to explore and understand the meaning of a number of individuals or groups who are considered to have social or humanitarian problems. The results of this study indicate that children commit acts of theft because of a lack of attention from the family or even from their own parents to become a bad figure for their children. Likewise, the influence of peers who are naughty in association can also influence the behavior of children to become naughty. And a bad environment can influence children's behavior to be bad, because children tend to imitate what they see in their environment whether it's good or bad.

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly altered the lives of many people, particularly in the social and economic domains. Coastal communities, which heavily rely on sea-based economic activities such as fishing, tourism, and maritime trade, have faced severe disruptions due to the pandemic. This has led to economic instability and increased psychological stress within these communities. One of the most notable effects has been the rise in post-pandemic stress disorder (Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder or PTSD) among household members. The persistent stress experienced by individuals, especially in coastal households, is having a detrimental effect on both psychological and social well-being. Stressors, including financial insecurity, social isolation, and health concerns, are exacerbating the strain on family relationships and community dynamics. The goal of this research is to provide targeted education on the dangers of post-pandemic stress disorders, particularly focusing on coastal communities. Through an educational approach, this research aims to raise awareness about the symptoms, causes, and consequences of PTSD. The program also seeks to provide practical strategies and coping mechanisms that households can use to manage stress and maintain psychological resilience in the post-pandemic environment. The findings of this study are expected to contribute to community-based mental health interventions, enhance family stability, and improve overall well-being in these vulnerable populations