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Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disorder caused by the pancreas failing to produce insulin hormone adequately. Based on the cause, diabetes mellitus is classified into three types, including type 1 DM, type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, and gestational diabetes mellitus. Hyperglycemia can also occur due to food consumed that is not balanced with physical activity carried out so that fat accumulates in the body and causes blood to be unable to enter the body's cells, ultimately increasing blood sugar levels. Signs and symptoms that often appear in Diabetes Mellitus patients are polydipsia (excessive thirst), polyuria (frequent urination due to excessive urine production), polyphagia (quickly feeling hungry even though you eat a lot and want to eat continuously) and weight loss without a clear cause. Symptoms of diabetes mellitus can be controlled by increasing physical activity, following a healthy diet, and getting enough rest. Several studies have proven that bay leaves have the potential as an antidiabetic. This study aims to determine the content of secondary metabolic compounds and the antidiabetic activity of bay leaf extract using α-amylase enzyme inhibition in vitro. This research method uses laboratory experiments. This study uses α-amylase enzyme inhibition to determine the antidiabetic activity contained in bay leaf extract. The method used is DNSA. The results of this study obtained a yield of bay leaf extract of 30%, water content of simplicia of 6.24%, drying loss of simplicia of 5.3%, ash content test of 5.6%, water content test of extract of 6.34%, drying loss test of extract of 7.03%. Bay leaf extract positively contains secondary metabolite compounds, namely saponins, tannins, flavonoids, and alkaloids. The results of IC50 in bay leaf extract of 66.705 ppm are classified as strong antidiabetic. The results of acarbose of 56.818 ppm are classified as strong antidiabetic.

The internship program is designed to introduce students to the practical application of the theories and knowledge they have acquired during their studies in a real work environment. This activity was conducted at SMP Swasta Galih Agung, an educational institution under the Darularafah Raya Islamic Boarding School Foundation, which aims to develop pious, skilled, and technologically literate students with strong physical and intellectual abilities. At the beginning of the odd semester of the 2023–2024 academic year, the number of female students enrolled was 470, but by the end of the semester, it had decreased to 455, representing a 0.96% decline. The purpose of this study is to perform a ranking analysis for selecting the best teacher based on expertise and teaching performance. The research employs the SMARTER (Simple Multi-Attribute Rating Technique Exploiting Ranks) method, combined with ROC (Rank Order Centroid) weighting and sensitivity analysis to measure the accuracy of ranking results. The findings show that the teacher with code T10 achieved the highest score of 0.521, followed by T7, T1, T2, T5, T11, T12, T8, T4, T9, T6, and T3, with the lowest score being 0.310. The lowest sensitivity value of 0 indicates the most optimal weighting result. The decision support system designed using questionnaires and Excel simplifies data input and assists the principal in making objective and efficient decisions.

Coffee is one of the most widely consumed beverages worldwide, including in Indonesia. Coffee consumption has become part of people's daily habits, whether as a companion for work, relaxation, or as part of social culture. However, this habit is often associated with the potential for increased blood pressure due to caffeine, which is a stimulant to the central nervous system and can affect the function of the heart and blood vessels. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the frequency of coffee consumption and systolic and diastolic blood pressure in adults. The research method used a quantitative approach with a correlational design. The study sample consisted of 100 adult respondents selected through a purposive sampling technique based on certain criteria, such as not currently taking antihypertensive medication and having no history of serious cardiovascular disease. Data collection was carried out in two stages. First, respondents completed a questionnaire containing information on the frequency and habits of coffee consumption, including the number of cups per day and the type of coffee consumed. Second, blood pressure was measured using a digital sphygmomanometer to obtain accurate systolic and diastolic blood pressure data. The results of the statistical analysis showed a significant positive correlation between the frequency of coffee consumption and increases in blood pressure, both systolic and diastolic. Specifically, respondents who consumed more than two cups of coffee per day tended to have higher blood pressure values compared to those who consumed one cup or less. This finding has important implications for health promotion efforts, particularly in educating the public about wise coffee consumption. Recommendations include limiting coffee intake, choosing coffee with low caffeine content, and balancing this with a healthy diet, regular physical activity, and stress management as part of a healthy lifestyle.

Infectious skin diseases are conditions where the skin is infected by bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites that can be transmitted from one individual to another. These infections not only cause physical discomfort but can also lead to serious complications if left untreated. The aim of this health promotion is to increase public understanding of the causes, symptoms, transmission, prevention, and treatment of infectious skin diseases. The activity methodology is a one-group pre-post design by measuring knowledge before and after the counseling. The instrument used is a knowledge questionnaire related to the causes, symptoms, transmission, prevention, and treatment of infectious skin diseases. The results achieved after conducting counseling on "Beware! Infectious Skin Diseases: Healthy Together, Live Comfortably" at SMK IT Subulussalam experienced an increase from 58% to 74%.

Hypertension is one of the most common non-communicable diseases, with a high incidence rate that has become a major global health concern. It is often referred to as a “silent killer” because many patients are unaware of their condition until serious complications arise. In Indonesia, the prevalence of hypertension is relatively high, yet many sufferers remain undiagnosed or do not receive proper medical treatment. Several risk factors contribute to hypertension, including age, heredity, high-salt diet, obesity, lack of physical activity, and unhealthy lifestyles such as smoking and alcohol consumption. Without proper management, hypertension may lead to severe complications such as stroke, heart failure, and chronic kidney disease. Management of hypertension generally involves pharmacological therapy, such as the administration of antihypertensive drugs, as well as non-pharmacological interventions through lifestyle modifications. Nurses play a crucial role in patient education, monitoring, and preventing complications through comprehensive nursing care. The purpose of this study is to describe the nursing care provided to Mr. R, who experienced a cardiovascular system disorder, namely hypertension, in the Dahlia Ward of RSUD dr. Soeselo, Tegal Regency. The research method used was descriptive with a case study approach, allowing for a systematic and clear presentation of the patient’s condition. The case findings showed that the patient’s main complaint was a headache radiating to the nape of the neck. Based on nursing assessment, two nursing diagnoses were identified: acute pain and lack of knowledge regarding the disease and its management. Interventions were determined using national standards such as SDKI, SLKI, and SIKI, which are expected to reduce symptoms and improve the patient’s understanding of hypertension.

Developmental deviations in children under five years of age are estimated to affect approximately 5-10% of this population, with inappropriate stimulation, particularly from electronic devices such as gadgets, being a significant contributing factor. Early exposure to these technologies can lead to decreased physical activity, adversely impacting the overall development of children, including their gross and fine motor skills, language acquisition, socialization, and independence. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of gadget usage on the developmental outcomes of preschool children in the Banda Sakti District of Lhokseumawe, utilizing an observational analytic research method with a cross-sectional design to collect both primary and secondary data. The results indicated varying levels of gadget usage among respondents: 40 individuals (42%) fell into the high usage category, 31 individuals (32%) were classified as moderate users, and 25 individuals (26%) were categorized as low users. Among those with low gadget usage, 6 respondents (24%) displayed questionable developmental outcomes, while in the moderate and high usage categories, 22 respondents (71.1%) and 22 respondents (55%) respectively exhibited similar concerns. This study reveals that a significant number of children are facing developmental disorders, with 21 respondents (37.5%) experiencing challenges related to socialization and independence, and 17 respondents (30.4%) demonstrating speech and language difficulties. Notably, a substantial proportion of preschool children (52 respondents or 54.2%) were identified as having high levels of gadget usage, and the study established a significant correlation between the intensity of gadget use and the occurrence of developmental disorders in preschool children within the Banda Sakti District of Lhokseumawe.

The elderly is among the most vulnerable groups in society due to progressive biological decline that weakens physical resistance, making them prone to chronic diseases such as hypertension. Hypertension is one of the most common multifactorial disorders in older adults, and its severity may be influenced by anxiety, which stimulates the sympathetic nervous system and increases blood pressure. This study aimed to examine the relationship between anxiety levels and hypertension among the elderly in the working area of Andalas Health Center, Padang City. An analytic study with a cross-sectional design was conducted involving 81 elderly participants diagnosed with hypertension, selected through accidental sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The Geriatric Anxiety Scale (GAS) was employed as the research instrument, while data analysis used the Chi-square test. Results showed that the majority of respondents experienced mild anxiety (67 respondents, 82.7%) and uncontrolled hypertension (54 respondents, 66.6%). Statistical analysis revealed a p-value of 0.534, indicating no significant association between anxiety levels and hypertension in the elderly population studied. These findings are consistent with several previous studies reporting that the relationship between anxiety and blood pressure in the elderly is often inconsistent, largely due to other risk factors including age, gender, low physical activity, comorbidities, and poor adherence to antihypertensive treatment. The implication of this study highlights the necessity of a holistic approach to hypertension management in the elderly, addressing not only psychological aspects but also lifestyle modification, treatment adherence education, and strengthening public health programs. Therefore, this research is expected to serve as input for health workers at community health centers to improve strategies for preventing and controlling hypertension in elderly populations.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder whose prevalence continues to rise, making it a major challenge for health systems worldwide. This disease results from a combination of insulin resistance and impaired pancreatic β-cell function, leading to persistent hyperglycemia and increased risk of long-term complications affecting the kidneys, cardiovascular system, nervous system, and eyes. This report describes the case of a 52-year-old woman diagnosed with T2DM for approximately ten years. The patient presented with fatigue, nocturnal polyuria, nausea after meals, significant weight loss, and tingling in her extremities. Laboratory findings revealed an HbA1c level of 12%, reflecting very poor glycemic control. A family medicine approach was applied through detailed history taking, physical and laboratory examinations, home visits, and completion of a family folder to assess clinical, personal, social, and functional aspects. Interventions included counseling on balanced diet, encouragement of regular physical activity, education on diabetic foot care, and pharmacological treatment with metformin and insulin. The family received counseling about hereditary risk factors, the importance of emotional support, and the need for consistent monitoring of health status. The patient was still capable of light daily activities, supported by a highly functional family environment with an APGAR score of 10. A holistic family medicine–based approach was shown to improve treatment adherence, patient knowledge, and overall quality of life. Therefore, management of T2DM requires a comprehensive strategy that integrates promotive, preventive, curative, and rehabilitative components, emphasizing the active involvement of family and community at the primary care level to reduce complications, slow disease progression, and enhance patient well-being.   Keywords: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder whose prevalence continues to rise, making it a major challenge for health systems worldwide. This disease results from a combination of insulin resistance and impaired pancreatic β-cell function, leading to persistent hyperglycemia and increased risk of long-term complications affecting the kidneys, cardiovascular system, nervous system, and eyes. This report describes the case of a 52-year-old woman diagnosed with T2DM for approximately ten years. The patient presented with fatigue, nocturnal polyuria, nausea after meals, significant weight loss, and tingling in her extremities. Laboratory findings revealed an HbA1c level of 12%, reflecting very poor glycemic control. A family medicine approach was applied through detailed history taking, physical and laboratory examinations, home visits, and completion of a family folder to assess clinical, personal, social, and functional aspects. Interventions included counseling on balanced diet, encouragement of regular physical activity, education on diabetic foot care, and pharmacological treatment with metformin and insulin. The family received counseling about hereditary risk factors, the importance of emotional support, and the need for consistent monitoring of health status. The patient was still capable of light daily activities, supported by a highly functional family environment with an APGAR score of 10. A holistic family medicine–based approach was shown to improve treatment adherence, patient knowledge, and overall quality of life. Therefore, management of T2DM requires a comprehensive strategy that integrates promotive, preventive, curative, and rehabilitative components, emphasizing the active involvement of family and community at the primary care level to reduce complications, slow disease progression, and enhance patient well-being.

Obesity among college students is a public health issue that is gaining increasing attention because it is associated with an increased risk of chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and heart disease, and can reduce quality of life and academic productivity. College students, as a group of early adults, are in a transition phase towards independence and are therefore vulnerable to lifestyle changes, including unhealthy eating patterns, fast food consumption, low physical activity due to busy studies, irregular sleep habits, and high academic stress. This study aims to determine the risk factors associated with obesity among students at the Islamic University of Ogan Komering Ilir in 2025. This study used a cross-sectional design with a quantitative approach. A sample of 95 students was selected using a purposive sampling technique. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire and body mass index (BMI) measurement to determine respondents' nutritional status. Independent variables included diet, physical activity, sleep quality, stress levels, and a family history of obesity. The results showed a prevalence of obesity of 17.9%. Bivariate analysis found a significant association between obesity and unhealthy diet (p=0.002), low physical activity (p=0.000), poor sleep quality (p=0.000), and high stress levels (p=0.001). Meanwhile, a family history of obesity showed a tendency to have an effect but was not statistically significant. These findings indicate that obesity in college students is largely influenced by modifiable lifestyle factors. Therefore, this study emphasizes the importance of health promotion interventions on campus, such as balanced nutrition counseling, increased access to sports facilities, stress management, and education on healthy sleep patterns. Promotive and preventive efforts undertaken from a young age are expected to reduce the risk of obesity and chronic disease in the future.

This community service initiative aims to apply biopore infiltration hole technology as a community-based flood mitigation solution in Labuhan Ratu District, Bandar Lampung City. This area faces major problems in the form of a high risk of waterlogging caused by low soil absorption, predominance of watertight surfaces, and suboptimal drainage systems. The program is carried out with a project-based community empowerment approach, where as many as 50 local residents are involved in each stage of the activity. These stages include environmental awareness campaigns, technical training on making biopore infiltration holes, providing equipment, and direct practice in the field. A total of 100 strategic points in the Dasawisma Palapa 6 environment are the locations for the implementation of biopores. The results of the activity show that this simple technology effectively improves the soil's ability to absorb water and reduce surface runoff, so that the risk of inundation can be reduced. In addition, this activity also encourages the formation of community groups that are tasked with maintaining biopores, in order to ensure the sustainability of long-term benefits. This program not only has a positive impact on the quality of the physical environment, but also strengthens the capacity of citizens to manage natural resources based on appropriate technology. The active participation of the community has proven to be the key to success, as it creates a sense of belonging while increasing ecological awareness at the local level. These findings confirm that the integration of simple technological innovations and community empowerment is an effective strategy in building sustainable environmental solutions, especially in the face of urban flood challenges.

Hypertension or high blood pressure is a medical condition that can cause serious complications, such as stroke and heart disease. The causes of hypertension are very diverse, ranging from unhealthy diet, lack of physical activity, stress, to genetic factors. The phenomenon that occurs at the UPTD Menteng Palangka Raya Health Center, namely that there are still many families who have not carried out their role as the right family members and have not been able to overcome family health problems, for example, such as compliance with taking hypertension medication in family members who suffer from hypertension. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between family roles and medication adherence in family members with hypertension. This type of research is correlational using a cross-sectional  approach using a spearman rank statistical test. The sampling technique used in consecutive sampling at the Menteng Palangka Raya Health Center. Sampling in this study is based on the inclusion criteria set. Data collection in this study used questionnaires on family roles and medication adherence that had gone through validity and reliability tests with Cronbach's alpa for family role 0.89 and Cronbach's alpa for medication adherence 0.92. Based on statistical tests using  Spearman's rank , a correlation coefficient value of 0.812 with a significance value of <0.001 was obtained. It can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between the role of the family and medication compliance at the Menteng Palangka Raya Health Center. The relationship between family roles and medication adherence in family members with hypertension at the Menteng Palangka Raya Health Center.”

Sidewalks are a crucial element of urban infrastructure that support pedestrian mobility. However, on Jalan Dr. Mansyur, Medan Selayang, sidewalk conditions present various problems, such as damaged surfaces, a lack of accessibility facilities, and the presence of street vendors occupying the lanes. This study aims to analyze the impact of sidewalk quality on pedestrian activity by examining three main factors: the physical condition of the sidewalk, environmental safety, and accessibility. Using a mixed methods approach, the sample for the quantitative approach was taken using a stratified random sampling method with a total of 150 respondents. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and SPSS software, while qualitative data were collected through in-depth interviews with key informants. The results showed that sidewalk accessibility had the strongest relationship with pedestrian activity (correlation coefficient 0.72), followed by the physical condition of the sidewalk (0.68) and environmental safety (0.55). Minimal accessibility factors, such as the lack of special lanes for the disabled, proved to be the main obstacle to pedestrian activity. In addition, the damaged physical condition of the sidewalk and the use of sidewalks for activities that are not in accordance with their function further reduce user comfort. Based on these findings, key recommendations include physical improvements to sidewalks with regard to the principles of universal accessibility, including the addition of dedicated lanes for the disabled, repair of damaged surfaces, and reconfiguration of spaces to discourage use by street vendors. The government needs to ensure adequate street lighting to improve user safety. The public is expected to maintain the function of sidewalks by utilizing them according to their intended purpose, while future researchers are advised to explore the impact of sidewalk improvements on broader social and economic aspects, as well as consider the integration of technology in sidewalk design and management. The conclusion of this study is the need for collaborative action between the government, the community, and other relevant parties to create inclusive sidewalk infrastructure that supports active mobility.

PayLater services are becoming increasingly popular among the public, offering convenience and flexibility in meeting daily needs and lifestyle demands. However, uncontrolled use has the potential to cause financial problems that significantly impact both mental and physical health. This community service activity aims to increase the understanding of community leaders regarding healthy financial management and the health risks that may arise from a PayLater-based consumer lifestyle. The outreach program was conducted by KKM students from Bina Bangsa University Group 22 in Banjar Negara Village, Ciwandan District, Cilegon City, with 30 participants consisting of local RT and RW heads. Methods used included interactive lectures, discussions, and question-and-answer sessions that encouraged active participation and contextual sharing of experiences. The results of the activity showed an increase in participants’ awareness of the importance of financial literacy as an integral part of maintaining overall quality of life. Participants recognized that financial health is closely related to mental well-being, as excessive financial pressure can trigger stress, anxiety, and even chronic illnesses. The program also emphasized practical strategies such as budgeting, distinguishing needs from wants, and limiting PayLater use to essential needs only. It is expected that RT and RW heads who have participated can act as educational agents in their communities, spreading financial literacy and awareness of health risks. In the future, similar programs need to be expanded to other community groups, supported by digital media and cross-sector collaboration to create a financially independent and physically and mentally healthy society.

Sappan wood (Caesalpinia sappan L.) is known to contain various bioactive compounds such as saponins, tannins, flavonoids, phenols, brazilin, and gallic acid. These compounds play an important role as antioxidants that can ward off free radicals and absorb UVA and UVB radiation that are harmful to the skin. Ultraviolet radiation is known to accelerate premature aging and cause tissue damage, so a topical formulation is needed that can provide protection while maintaining skin health. This study aims to determine the antioxidant activity and sunscreen ability of sappan wood extract in the form of lip balm with varying extract concentrations. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using the DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylhydrazyl) method, while the Sun Protection Factor (SPF) value was determined by the Mansyur method using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Sappan wood extract was formulated into four lip balm preparations, namely F0 (control without extract), F1 (5%), F2 (10%), and F3 (15%). Physical tests including homogeneity, pH, spreadability, adhesiveness, and organoleptic were conducted to ensure the quality of the preparation. The results showed that sappanwood extract had an IC50 value of 23.62 ppm which was categorized as very strong antioxidant activity. In the lip balm formulation, the IC50 values ​​obtained were F0 = 246.76 ppm (very weak), F1 = 92.68 ppm (strong), F2 = 78.03 ppm (strong), and F3 = 63.58 ppm (strong). The SPF test showed a protection value of F0 = 2.11 (minimum), F1 = 13.64 (maximum), F2 = 14.25 (maximum), and F3 = 18.28 (ultra). Thus, lip balm made from sappanwood extract has the potential as a cosmetic preparation that not only meets physical criteria, but also provides high antioxidant activity and effective sunscreen protection.

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a non-communicable disease that is currently a major public health problem in Indonesia. The prevalence of DM continues to increase from year to year, not only in urban areas but also increasingly found in rural areas. One factor contributing to the high number of DM cases is a lack of public awareness of the importance of a healthy lifestyle, as well as the continued presence of many undiagnosed cases, resulting in delayed treatment. Therefore, early detection efforts and health education that can reach the community at the community level are needed. This community service program was designed to conduct random blood sugar screenings while increasing the knowledge of residents of RW 15 Kalibaru regarding the prevention and control of DM. The activity was carried out on August 24, 2025, involving 21 participants, most of whom were from adults to the elderly. The activity method consisted of two main stages: checking blood sugar levels using a glucometer and a health education session on a healthy lifestyle, a balanced diet, and the importance of regular physical activity. The results of the activity showed that the indicators of success were well achieved. This was indicated by the orderly implementation of the examinations, a high level of participation from residents, and increased awareness of the dangers of DM among participants. From the examination results, most participants had normal blood sugar levels, but several people were found with blood sugar levels above the normal limit who required medical follow-up.

Hypertension is a condition characterized by an increase in blood pressure, defined as systolic values ≥ 140 mmHg or diastolic values ≥ 90 mmHg, and it remains one of the most common health problems experienced by the elderly. Non-pharmacological approaches such as low-impact aerobic exercise are recommended, as this type of exercise is performed at a low to moderate intensity for 20–50 minutes, three times a week. It has been shown to strengthen and maintain the functions of the heart, lungs, blood circulation, muscles, and joints, thereby contributing positively to the management of high blood pressure. This study aims to determine the effect of low-impact aerobic exercise on blood pressure among elderly patients with hypertension through the application of evidence-based practice. A quantitative case study approach was employed to gain a deeper understanding of changes in blood pressure following the intervention. Three elderly respondents diagnosed with hypertension were involved and instructed to perform low-impact aerobic exercise for three consecutive days. The results showed a decrease in blood pressure among all respondents, although the outcomes varied. The first respondent experienced changes from 140/80 mmHg to 130/70 mmHg and 130/90 mmHg, the second respondent from 150/90 mmHg to 160/80 mmHg and then 150/70 mmHg, and the third respondent from 150/80 mmHg to 110/70 mmHg and 130/70 mmHg. These findings indicate that low-impact aerobic exercise has a positive effect in reducing blood pressure, despite some variability between individuals. In conclusion, low-impact aerobic exercise is proven to help control blood pressure in hypertensive patients. This study highlights the importance of encouraging hypertensive individuals to adopt regular and independent low-impact aerobic exercise as a simple strategy to maintain stable blood pressure and improve overall quality of life.

Sleep is a fundamental human need that plays a crucial role in maintaining both physical and mental health. Poor sleep quality can trigger a variety of health problems, ranging from decreased concentration to an increased risk of chronic diseases. The complexity of factors influencing sleep quality—such as stress levels, heart rate, blood pressure, physical activity, and lifestyle—makes its assessment difficult through direct observation alone. Therefore, data mining approaches are increasingly utilized to identify relevant patterns in sleep-related data. This study aims to compare the performance of the C4.5 (Decision Tree) algorithm and the Naïve Bayes algorithm in predicting sleep quality using the Sleep Health and Lifestyle dataset, which contains information from 374 respondents. The research method applied is a quantitative comparative approach employing classification techniques with 10-fold cross-validation to ensure robust evaluation. Model performance is assessed using accuracy, precision, and recall metrics to provide a comprehensive understanding of the effectiveness of each algorithm. The findings indicate that the C4.5 algorithm achieves an accuracy of 96.26% and offers advantages in terms of interpretability through its decision tree visualization, enabling easier understanding of variable relationships. In contrast, the Naïve Bayes algorithm demonstrates superior predictive performance, achieving an accuracy of 98.66% along with consistently high precision and recall across nearly all classes. These results suggest that Naïve Bayes is more effective for predictive tasks involving sleep quality, while C4.5 remains highly valuable when the goal is to interpret variable interactions and decision rules. Overall, this research highlights the potential of data mining techniques in health informatics, particularly in improving the understanding and prediction of sleep quality, which in turn can contribute to better prevention and management of sleep-related health issues.

Menstrual cycle abnormalities are one of the reproductive health problems that are commonly experienced by adolescent girls, especially in the early days after menarche. These disorders can affect quality of life, including discomfort during activities, risk of anemia, and potential fertility disorders. A preliminary study at SMA Negeri 4 Pandeglang showed that 7 out of 10 grade XI students experienced menstrual cycle abnormalities, while there was no special program related to reproductive health in schools. This study aims to analyze factors related to menstrual cycle abnormalities, namely stress levels, diet, and physical activity. The research design used was quantitative with a Cross Sectional approach, involving 70 respondents who were selected through the Purposive Sampling technique. Data collection was carried out through a structured questionnaire and analyzed using the Chi-Square statistical test. The results of the analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between stress (p=0.011), diet (p=0.021), and physical activity (p=0.015) with menstrual cycle abnormalities. These findings confirm the importance of educational interventions in the school setting to improve adolescents' understanding of reproductive health and encourage healthy lifestyles. This research is expected to be the basis for the development of more comprehensive promotive and preventive programs in supporting the welfare of adolescent girls.

A 60-year-old male patient presented with the chief complaint of numbness in both legs, which had been experienced for the past two years and had worsened over the last three months. This complaint was accompanied by persistent fatigue, even without engaging in strenuous physical activity. In addition, the patient reported frequent urination, especially at night (nocturia), and excessive thirst that had occurred for the past five years. The patient denied symptoms such as fever or disturbances in bowel movements. Regarding his medical history, the patient regularly consumed Glimepiride as part of his treatment for diabetes mellitus. Primary data were obtained through auto-anamnesis and physical examination during a home visit. During the visit, the family physician also completed the family folder and patient records to comprehensively document the patient’s health condition. Case assessment was carried out based on an initial holistic diagnosis, followed by continuous monitoring and final evaluation using both quantitative and qualitative approaches. The interventions provided included health education for the patient and his family regarding the causes and pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus. The physician also emphasized lifestyle modifications, such as adopting a balanced diet, engaging in light but regular physical activity, and maintaining adherence to prescribed medication. Furthermore, the patient was educated on the long-term management of diabetes mellitus and the importance of regular medical check-ups. The family physician also explained the potential complications that could arise, such as neuropathy, nephropathy, and retinopathy, so that the patient would be more compliant with treatment and preventive efforts. This comprehensive approach was expected to improve the patient’s quality of life while preventing further disease progression.

This community service activity was conducted in Montor Village with the aim of introducing and applying appropriate technology in the form of a urea fertilizer spreader. This program was driven by the problems faced by farmers, such as inefficiency in time and labor, and health risks caused by the manual fertilization method that requires a bent posture. In this activity, KKM students not only provided socialization but also held a participatory workshop to build the fertilizer spreader with the villagers using locally available materials such as pipes. The results of this program showed that the farmers realized that the fertilization process could be done more efficiently, quickly, and ergonomically. The fertilizer spreader produced proved to reduce physical fatigue, speed up work time, and ensure more uniform fertilizer distribution. This activity successfully raised awareness among farmers about the importance of simple innovations in agriculture and strengthened collaboration between students and the community in solving local agricultural problems. The success of the fertilizer spreader demonstrates the significant potential of appropriate technology in improving farmers' efficiency and work quality, as well as promoting sustainability in the agricultural sector in rural areas.