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Gadgets play a very important and helpful role in technology and communication. The progress in the use of gadgets is not only used by adults, one of which is elementary school age children. Gadgets themselves have positive and negative impacts, therefore parents need a parenting style to control and educate every child's activities. The aim of this research is to analyze the relationship between parenting styles and gadget addiction in elementary school-aged children. This type of research is quantitative research with a cross-sectional approach. The population of this study was 192 respondents. The sample size was 130 respondents who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, then taken using simple random sampling technique. The instrument uses the PSDQ and smartphone addiction test. The independent variable is parenting style and the dependent variable is gadget addiction. Data were analyzed using the gamma correlation test. The research results obtained from the gamma test analysis with a significance value of α = 0.05 obtained a p value (value) = 0.031 <0.05, which means there is a relationship between parental parenting patterns and gadget addiction in elementary school age children. The conclusion is that parental parenting styles have a significant relationship to gadget addiction in elementary school-aged children.

Background: Stunting occurs when a child's height is lower than the average for their age due to poor growth caused by chronic malnutrition, which occurs when a child's nutritional intake is insufficient for an extended period. Stunting may have both direct and indirect causes. Direct causes include inadequate nutrition, while indirect causes include parenting practices. Food consumption is a behavior that improves the nutritional state of the body in a measurable way. Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship between food intake and maternal parenting practices with the occurrence of stunting in toddlers at Puskesmas Pancur Batu, Desa Tanjung Anom, Kecamatan Pancur Batu, Kabupaten Deli Serdang in 2024. Method: A quantitative, observational, cross-sectional technique was used in this study. The study will be conducted from June to July 2024. Primary and secondary data were used in this study. Data were analyzed using chi-square tests for bivariate and univariate analysis. Results: The findings show a significant correlation (p-value = 0.000 < 0.05) between food consumption and the occurrence of stunting. A p-value of 0.002 < 0.05 indicates a relationship between maternal parenting practices and the occurrence of stunting. Conclusion: There is a strong correlation between calorie consumption and stunting. Parental involvement is significantly related to the stunting rate. Recommendation: It is hoped that posyandu cadres and Puskesmas officials in the study area will receive greater appreciation for the role that parents play in monitoring the nutritional needs of their toddlers.

Preschool children are those aged between 3-6 years. Eating behavior disorders that occur in children, such as picky eating, significantly impact their nutritional status, which is related to their growth and development. One of the eating problems in children, particularly in preschoolers, is picky eating, which affects their nutritional status. This study aims to determine the relationship between picky eating and nutritional status in preschool children at RA. Al-Hidayah in Surabaya. This research is quantitative with a cross-sectional approach. The respondents of this study were 40 children. Data collection techniques included self-administered questionnaires and measurements of height and weight. The instruments used were questionnaires, digital scales, and microtoise. Data analysis in this study used the Spearman rank correlation test with proportional random sampling. The results showed that 58% of subjects experienced picky eating. Most of the subjects in this study had normal weight, normal height, and good nutritional status. The analysis results indicated a significant relationship between picky eating and nutritional status based on weight-for-age (p-value = 0.019). However, there was no significant relationship between picky eating and nutritional status based on height-for-age (p-value = 0.619) and weight-for-height (p-value = 0.176). In overcoming the problem of picky eating, it is recommended for agencies to provide education or nutritional counseling to parents and caregivers so that they can implement appropriate parenting styles and pay attention to children's nutritional needs properly.

This study analyzes the intergenerational transmission of war trauma across three generations of Palestinian families through a systematic meta-analysis of 47 longitudinal studies (1948–2024), comprising 12,873 participants. The findings confirm a PTSD prevalence rate of 73.4% in the first generation (n=4,291), 61.2% in the second generation (n=4,582), and 48.7% in the third generation (n=4,000). Furthermore, hierarchical regression analysis reveals a significant correlation between the severity of first-generation trauma and its manifestation in subsequent generations (r=0.68, p<0.001). The most dominant intergenerational trauma symptoms include anxiety (89.3%), depression (82.1%), and attachment disorders (76.5%). Structural equation modelling identifies three primary mediators of trauma transmission: parenting patterns (?=0.59), family trauma narratives (?=0.47), and epigenetic factors (?=0.41). Consequently, this study extends the findings of Danieli et al. (2016) on intergenerational trauma mechanisms and contributes to Kellermann's (2013) theoretical model on protective factors in trauma resilience. Unlike previous research by Hassan (2019), which focused on two generations, these findings reveal an adaptive pattern in the third generation through the development of collective resilience (82.3%) and positive coping strategies (77.8%), offering a novel perspective on the potential for intergenerational trauma healing in the context of prolonged conflict.

The increasing addiction to online games among children has become a concerning phenomenon, especially when linked to permissive parenting, which tends to provide excessive freedom without clear boundaries. This study aims to analyze the relationship between permissive parenting and online game addiction, with psychological well-being as a mediating variable. The method used is a qualitative approach with a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), where scientific articles from indexed databases such as Scopus, WoS, and Sinta in the last ten years were systematically reviewed. The results show that permissive parenting has a positive correlation with online game addiction, where children given excessive freedom tend to lack self-regulation and impulse control. However, psychological well-being acts as a mediating factor that can reduce the negative impact of permissive parenting on online game addiction. Children with good psychological well-being have lower levels of addiction compared to those experiencing emotional imbalance. The implications of this study highlight the importance of more balanced parenting styles and strategies to enhance children's psychological well-being in preventing online game addiction.    

The aim of this research is to determine the pattern of parenting practices of immoral parents towards children in the Poncol Region, and to determine the parenting practices of immoral parents towards children in the Poncol Region from the perspective of the Child Protection Law Number 23 of 2002 concerning Child Protection. This research is field research (Field Research). Field research is research that focuses on the context of individuals, groups, organizations, social situations and social interactions. Meanwhile, this research uses a normative juridical approach with the provisions of Child Protection Law Number 23 of 2002. This research uses two data sources, namely primary data in the form of data from interviews with research objects and secondary data in the form of Child Protection Law Number 23 of 2002 and official documents related to this research. The results of the research show that the parenting patterns of families with disabled students in the Poncol area according to the Child Protection Law number 23 of 2002, some of them treat children correctly without taking or abusing the child's rights. So it can be concluded that there are still some who have not carried out their obligations as parents to care for, educate and protect their children. So, when parents do not fulfill their obligations, the child does not get full rights.

The city of Tanjungpinang has successfully reduced the prevalence of stunting consistently from 2021 to 2023, from 18,8% in 2021 to 15,7% in 2022, and to 15,2% in 2023 compared to six other regencies/cities in the Riau Islands Province. This research aims to identify the strategies used by the DKP2KB of Tanjungpinang City in efforts to reduce the prevalence of stunting from 2021 to 2023. Using a qualitative research method with a case study approach, there were nineteen informants, and data collection techniques included interviews and documentation. This research uses the strategy theory from Geoff Max Mulgan, which includes purposes, environments, directions, actions, and learning. The findings obtained are, (1) Purposes: in terms of output to achieve the national target of 14% with a performance target of 3.48% from 2021-2023 and outcomes in the form of improving the quality of human resources and the quality of life of the community. (2) Environments: still facing pollution constraints, suboptimal parenting patterns, and difficult economic conditions for the community. (3) Directions: includes commands in regulations, coordination through forums, building motivation, and effective communication. (4) Actions: activities carried out, namely sensitive interventions involving cross-sector, cross-program, and private sectors to facilitate assistance and innovation, while specific interventions involve intervening in public health. (5) Learning: all activities have been carried out well, as evidenced by the national survey results showing a decrease in stunting prevalence, although the target of 14% has not yet been reached, and the stunting program performance targets have been successfully achieved. However, the overall effectiveness of the program heavily depends on active community participation. Therefore, to address this, the researchers suggest that the government encourage knowledge, awareness, and participation from the community.

The objectives of the study were to determine how high the independence of students with authoritarian and democratic parenting styles was and to determine whether or not there was a difference in the level of student independence when reviewed from authoritarian and democratic parenting patterns. This study used a quantitative approach with a comparative research design. The data collection technique used a survey with a likert scale and obtained 95 students as respondents consisting of 45 students with authoritarian parenting patterns and 50 students with democratic parenting patterns. Furthermore, it was tested using validity and reliability tests. The results of the validity test obtained 38 valid items, the reliability test used the Alpha Cronbach calculation with a result of 0.984 which was included in the very reliable category. Furthermore, a difference test was carried out using the t-test (Independent Sample T-test). The results of the study are the level of independence of students with authoritarian parenting styles was 42% in the very high category, the level of independence of students with democratic parenting styles was 40% in the very high category, and there was no difference in the level of independence between students with authoritarian and democratic parenting patterns.

Stunting is a condition that occurs due to a lack of nutritional intake over a long period of time, thus inhibiting a child's growth. As the next generation of the nation, children need special attention in terms of their growth and development. Fulfillment of nutrition must begin before pregnancy, continued with exclusive breastfeeding after the baby is born, and continued with balanced nutritious food according to the stage of growth. This study was conducted using a literature study method to collect data related to efforts to reduce stunting rates in toddlers. The results of the study showed that community education through counseling and health education can increase understanding of nutrition and good parenting patterns. In addition, programs such as providing eggs in villages and the involvement of integrated health post cadres in early detection have also proven effective in reducing stunting rates in toddlers.

Background: Teenage pregnancy remains a significant public health concern due to its potential risks to both mother and child, including health complications, social challenges, and educational disruption. One of the factors influencing teenage pregnancy is parental patterns, which include parenting styles, communication, supervision, and emotional support. Studies have shown that adolescents from families with authoritarian or neglectful parenting are more likely to engage in risky sexual behavior, increasing the risk of early pregnancy. Understanding the relationship between parental patterns and teenage pregnancy can help develop targeted interventions to prevent adolescent pregnancies. Objective: This study aimed to examine the relationship between parental patterns and the incidence of teenage pregnancy. Methods: A quantitative analytical study with a cross-sectional design was conducted. The sample consisted of 30 teenage mothers selected using a total sampling technique. Data were collected through structured questionnaires assessing parental patterns, including communication, supervision, and emotional support, as well as information about pregnancy incidence. Data analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test to determine the statistical relationship between parental patterns and teenage pregnancy incidence. Results: The study found that 30 respondents (100%) reported experiencing parental patterns that influenced their behavior. Among them, teenagers from families with supportive and communicative parenting had a lower risk of teenage pregnancy. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test showed a significant relationship between parental patterns and the incidence of teenage pregnancy (p = 0.000), indicating that parental guidance and involvement play a critical role in preventing early pregnancy. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between parental patterns and the incidence of teenage pregnancy. Supportive and communicative parental patterns reduce the likelihood of teenage pregnancy, while neglectful or authoritarian patterns increase the risk. These findings highlight the importance of parental involvement, education, and guidance in adolescent reproductive health.

This study investigates effective strategies for fostering religious discipline and filial piety in children through family-based education. Employing a qualitative research design, data were obtained via observation, in-depth interviews, and a comprehensive literature review. The findings reveal that consistent reinforcement of religious values within the family setting plays a pivotal role in shaping a child’s moral and spiritual character. Children raised in households that model regular worship practices and demonstrate respectful interpersonal behavior are more likely to exhibit strong religious commitment and courteous conduct toward their parents. These results underscore the importance of integrating religious values into daily parenting practices and offer practical insights for educators, parents, and policymakers seeking to strengthen character education in the home environment.

In today's digital era, it is difficult to separate gadgets such as smartphones, tablets, laptops, and other devices from everyday life. Although gadgets facilitate communication and facilitate access to information to support productivity and convenience, excessive or unwise use can cause various negative impacts on physical, mental, and social health. This study uses a literature review method to investigate the impact of gadget use on social development in early childhood. By analyzing secondary data from books, journals, articles, websites, and related research findings, the aim is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the negative impacts of gadget use on the social development of early childhood. The results show that the negative impacts of excessive gadget use in early childhood include social isolation, health problems, and an imbalance between physical and mental activity. It is very important for parents to actively monitor, and guide children's gadget use to prevent addiction and promote healthy development. By understanding the impact of gadget use, parents can apply the right parenting style and encourage positive social skills and reduce the risk of gadget addiction in the digital era.

This article contains an analysis of emotional intelligence in children aged 5 to 10 years, this study aims to find out more about the development of children in their emotional intelligence, which is also related to literacy. Because literacy is an influence on hearing, understanding children's thoughts, and it will affect their emotional intelligence. And the problems in the influence of literacy on children's emotional intelligence include difficulties in controlling emotions, the impact of the social and cultural environment, and limitations in understanding literacy that can hinder emotional development. In addition, the lack of support from parents is also a significant factor. This study uses qualitative methods that can allow researchers to explore children's experiences, views, and feelings in depth. In the context of literacy and emotional intelligence, researchers can find out how children feel and interpret their emotions and how literacy plays a role in the process. Through reading and discussing emotions, children can improve their understanding of themselves and others, develop empathy, and improve communication skills and emotional management. By integrating literacy and emotional intelligence into education and everyday life, we can help children develop the skills needed to interact positively and manage their emotions effectively.

This study aims to describe the phenomenon of toddlers being left behind by parents who work in Dusun Nganyang RT 04, Sitimulyo Village, Piyungan, Bantul, and to analyze the community's perspective on this phenomenon from an Islamic viewpoint. The research uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive type of study, which presents the phenomenon in depth without using statistical tools. Data were collected through interviews, non-participant direct observation, and documentation, involving four housewives as informants. The findings show that the community views this phenomenon as an economic necessity, although there is concern about its impact on the emotional and social development of toddlers. From an Islamic perspective, parenting, especially in early childhood, is a significant responsibility of parents, emphasizing the balance between work and providing full attention to children. The implications of this study highlight the importance of religious and social education for the community to understand Islamic values related to child-rearing, as well as the need for policies that support family welfare without sacrificing children's development.

Tradition betimbang is a traditional ceremony performed for children born in the month of Safar. This tradition has been carried out for generations and is still preserved today by the local community. Betimbang tradition is a traditional ceremony performed for children born in the month of Safar. This tradition has been carried out for generations and is still preserved to this day by the local community. This research aims to analyze the contribution of local culture in early childhood learning as a character development effort. Local culture has an important role in shaping children's identity and character from an early age. The used study methodology is descriptive qualitative, using data gathering approaches such as in-depth interviews and documentation. The findings indicated that the betimbang custom is still practiced by the population of Tanjung Intan Village as a hereditary cultural legacy. This ritual is observed for children born in the month of Safar, since this month is seen undesirable. The betimbang ritual procession encompasses the phases of begansai, buang-buang, fresh flour preparation, weighing the kid with apam cake, and hair cutting. The community believes that this custom may deter youngsters from misconduct and adversity. Researchers discovered that this practice cannot serve as the only metric for children's character development; it must be supplemented by effective parenting from guardians. The betimbang tradition embodies religious principles and communal cooperation that is upheld by the local community

The purpose of this study is to find out how the behavior of students at SD IT Al-Maqom in relation to gadgets. Along with technological advances, the use of gadgets has become an important aspect of daily life, even for students. This study uses quantitative methodology using direct regression method, involving 70 students as samples.Data were collected through the distribution of questionnaires that measure the influence of gadgets on the behavior of students.The results of the analysis show that the use of gadgets has a significant influence on the behavior of students of SD IT Al-maqom, with a level of influence of 76.3%.Although gadgets have a considerable impact, this study also realizes that other factors such as environment, parenting style, and genetic factors also influence the behavior of students, although these factors are not examined in this study.The conclusion is that gadgets have a significant influence on the behavior of students of SD IT Al-Maqom.  

The era of society 5.0 is part of the history of technological development. Technology is present in every human activity. The wise use of technology can create extraordinary cognitive abilities. In an effort to realize the golden Indonesia 2045 and feel the demographic bonus 2030, all parties are expected to be able to contribute, especially teachers and parents. In this study, we focus on efforts to increase Indonesian national insight by the Alpha generation through learning using holograms to realize the Golden Indonesia 2045. The Alpha generation, which is believed to live side by side with technology, has several concerns such as decreased cognitive, focus and social abilities. This study uses a literature study to determine the potential of holograms in increasing national insight. The discussion that we present begins with the parenting pattern of the Alpha generation and the urgency of national insight to foster a sense of love for the homeland and strengthen Indonesian national insight in reducing the impact of the flow of Globalization.

Generation Alpha, born between 2010 and 2025, is immersed in a digital era that shapes their social, cultural, and educational experiences. This study examines the sociological implications of technology on their identity formation and the adaptations required in their education and parenting. Through literature analysis, findings reveal that Generation Alpha is highly dependent on technology, which affects their communication and social interactions. While technology increases access to knowledge, it also poses risks such as social isolation and shifting cultural values. This study underlines the importance of collaboration between families, educational institutions, and communities to foster holistic development, addressing the challenges of globalization and technological advancement.

This research aims to evaluate the grand parenting approach and its influence on the character development of elementary school children. Grand parenting, which involves grandparents in the caregiving process, plays a crucial role in shaping children's values and attitudes. The methodology employed in this study is a qualitative approach, utilizing in-depth interviews and observations to assess the interactions between grandparents and their grandchildren. The findings reveal that the parenting styles implemented by grandparents significantly contribute to the character development of children, which includes aspects such as moral values, discipline, responsibility, and social skills. Furthermore, the strong emotional bonds between grandparents and grandchildren provide a sense of security and support essential for character development. This indicates the vital role of older generations in supporting children's character education and the need for increased attention to intergenerational relationships within families. This study recommends enhancing the involvement of grandparents in the educational processes of children, as well as the necessity for programs that foster intergenerational collaboration.

The problem of anemia in adolescents is still a fundamental problem in the world. Anemia is associated with insufficient food intake and low food quality. Factors that correlate with the incidence of anemia in adolescents both in urban and rural areas are age, sex, health status of toddlers (ARI, diarrhea, tuberculosis), physical activity, nutritional status, breakfast, and diet, parenting and so on. This study aims to determine the anemia in adolescents. This study is an observational analytical study with a cross sectional design. This research was conducted in February-March 2024 in Cinta Damai Village, West Tanjung Jabung Regency. The population in this study were all toddlers aged 12-18 years. A sample of 89 people was taken by total sampling technique. Data collection using questionnaire sheets. The data obtained were analyzed univariately, bivariately using chi square and multivariate tests. The results showed that there was a relationship between infectious diseases (p =), toddler diet (p =) and parenting style (p =) with anemia in adolescents because the p value < 0.05. There was no relationship between giving MP-ASI too early and anemia in toddlers with a value of p = 0.647 > 0.05. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between the incidence of anemia during pregnancy with breakfast (p = 0.003), diet (p = 0.001) and head circumference because the p value < 0.05. There is no significant relationship between the incidence of anemia during pregnancy and chest circumference in newborns at the Jambi Kecil Muaro Jambi Health Center in 2023 with p values of 0.001 > 0.05. The most dominant factor affecting anemia in toddlers is the diet of toddlers with a value of p = 0.001 with OR = 13.108. It is hoped that the results of this study can provide information and recommendations to conduct a series of counseling and counseling activities for mothers of toddlers to prevent and overcome the problem of underweight.