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The Free Nutritious Meal Program (MBG) is a strategic initiative by the Indonesian government to address the long-standing issues of malnutrition and stunting, which have significantly hindered human resource (HR) development in Indonesia. The program aims to improve children's nutrition and reduce stunting by providing free nutritious meals, particularly in areas with limited access to healthy food. This study aims to analyze the legal framework of MBG, its effectiveness in achieving its goals, and its impact on national development. Using a qualitative approach, the study analyzes the implementation of MBG through document analysis, interviews with relevant stakeholders, and field observations. The findings highlight challenges within the program, including imbalanced food distribution, inadequate infrastructure in remote areas, and suboptimal food quality control, which resulted in several food poisoning incidents in 2025. Nevertheless, the program has a positive economic impact by empowering micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) involved in food supply. The study suggests strengthening the monitoring system, improving budget management, and better coordination between government sectors and communities to maximize the success of MBG. It also emphasizes the importance of nutrition education campaigns to support the program's goals. Overall, MBG is a crucial step toward creating a healthier and more productive generation, supporting the achievement of Indonesia's Golden Generation by 2045..

The development of digital technology has encouraged Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) to utilize social media as the main instrument in building brand awareness. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach with a field research type (field research). Data collection was carried out through observation, in-depth interviews with six sources (owner, financial manager, social media team, admin, crew, and customers), and documentation of the content of the TikTok account @mtm43surabaya. The results of the study show that: (1) MTMSBY43 implements a digital branding strategy with three main components, namely brand positioning as a social-based one-stop solution, a brand identity that focuses on a human-centered service approach, and a brand personality that reflects the character of local youth who are solution-oriented and socially concerned; (2) MTMSBY43 TikTok content is classified into three pillars, namely humanistic and realistic content (daily vlogs & live documentation), educational and transparent content (service portfolio), and humorous content (entertainment & engagement content) that builds high organic appeal; (3) TikTok acts as a primary growth driver for MTMSBY43's brand awareness through three mechanisms: creating brand recognition through the FYP algorithm, which reaches new audiences; driving brand recall through consistent uploads and a distinctive communication style; and building customer trust and brand loyalty through responsive two-way interactions

This study aims to analyze innovative strategies that can be implemented by Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in East Java to improve competitiveness through digital marketing and e-commerce. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a library research method by reviewing various scientific literature, government reports, and previous studies related to MSME innovation and digital transformation. The results of the study indicate that digital marketing and e-commerce innovation can increase market reach, operational efficiency, product differentiation, and MSME sales. However, the implementation of innovation still faces several challenges such as low digital literacy, limited capital, limited technology, and lack of system integration. Therefore, innovative strategies are needed, including integrated digital marketing, marketplace optimization, social commerce, digital payment systems, logistics integration, digital branding strengthening, and digital literacy training. In addition, collaboration between MSMEs, government, universities, communities, and digital platforms is an important factor in accelerating MSME digital transformation. This study produces recommendations for an innovative strategy model based on digital marketing and e-commerce to improve the competitiveness and sustainability of MSMEs in East Java.

Perkembangan teknologi mendorong pelaku Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM) untuk mulai menerapkan pencatatan keuangan berbasis digital. Namun, masih terdapat pelaku UMKM yang mengalami kesulitan dalam melakukan pengelolaan keuangan usaha secara terstruktur. Permasalahan tersebut ditemukan pada UMKM Ubi Cilembu Madu Oven Lumintu dan Warung Madura Sembako Amanda di wilayah Condongcatur yang masih menggunakan pencatatan manual dalam kegiatan usahanya. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman dan keterampilan pelaku UMKM dalam melakukan pencatatan keuangan berbasis digital menggunakan Microsoft Excel dan aplikasi BukuWarung. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan dilakukan melalui observasi, sosialisasi, pelatihan, pendampingan, dan evaluasi. Kegiatan dilaksanakan pada tanggal 17 April 2026, 5 Mei 2026, dan 20 Mei 2026. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa pelaku UMKM mulai memahami pentingnya pencatatan keuangan usaha secara teratur serta mampu mencatat pemasukan dan pengeluaran usaha menggunakan Microsoft Excel dan aplikasi BukuWarung. Penggunaan Microsoft Excel membantu UMKM Ubi Cilembu dalam melakukan pencatatan keuangan sederhana secara lebih rapi, sedangkan aplikasi BukuWarung membantu Warung Madura dalam mengelola transaksi usaha dan pencatatan hutang pelanggan secara lebih praktis. Kegiatan ini membantu pelaku UMKM dalam melakukan pencatatan keuangan usaha secara lebih teratur dan mudah dipahami.

Mekanisme administrasi barang pada REA TEHNIK sebelumnya masih mengandalkan cara-cara konvensional melalui pencatatan fisik serta bantuan perangkat lunak Microsoft Excel. Namun, pola kerja tersebut memicu sejumlah hambatan praktis, di antaranya lambatnya akses terhadap informasi stok, risiko diskrepansi data akibat kelalaian input, hingga birokrasi validasi laporan yang memakan waktu lama [1], [2]. Keterbatasan ini mendasari urgensi pengembangan sebuah platform digital yang terintegrasi dan bersifat real-time guna mengoptimalkan kinerja perusahaan serta menjamin akurasi data inventaris secara menyeluruh. Penelitian ini difokuskan pada perancangan dan implementasi sistem manajemen inventori berbasis web dengan memanfaatkan keunggulan framework Laravel. Proses pengembangan perangkat lunak ini mengadopsi metodologi Waterfall yang dilakukan melalui tahapan sistematis, meliputi identifikasi spesifikasi kebutuhan, perancangan arsitektur sistem, tahap pengodean, verifikasi fungsional, hingga fase pemeliharaan. Aplikasi yang dibangun mengintegrasikan berbagai modul krusial, seperti manajemen katalog produk, pelacakan mutasi barang, formulir permintaan barang (Item Request), permohonan pembelian (Buy Request), mekanisme otorisasi manajerial, serta otomasi pembuatan laporan bulanan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa solusi digital ini secara masif mampu mendongkrak efisiensi operasional, khususnya dalam mempercepat siklus pencarian data stok dan durasi persetujuan administrasi. Berdasarkan pengujian menggunakan metode Black Box Testing, seluruh fitur telah beroperasi secara optimal sesuai dengan spesifikasi kebutuhan pengguna. Digitalisasi ini terbukti berhasil meminimalkan risiko kesalahan dokumentasi serta meningkatkan keterpaduan proses bisnis dibandingkan dengan metode manual yang digunakan sebelumnya. 

The development of information and communication technology encourages Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) to manage data more effectively, efficiently, and integratively to create consumer loyalty. Efforts can be made using a web-based Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Information system to manage customer data and transaction history in an integrated, effective, and efficient manner. The many complaints from several stores in Grobogan Regency, especially Toko Sumber Rezeki, regarding errors in inputting consumer data, data loss, and difficulties in preparing sales reports, prompted the author to conduct this research with the aim of providing practical contributions to MSMEs in managing data effectively by using a CRM (Customer Relationship Management) information system. The method used in this research is Research and Development (R&D) with a Waterfall software development model that includes the stages of needs analysis, system design, implementation, testing, and maintenance. The system was developed using PHP with the Laravel 11 framework and a MySQL database. The system's main features include customer data management, real-time transaction recording, integrated purchase history, a sales summary dashboard, and reports that can be exported to PDF and Excel. The results of this study indicate that the system meets user needs and helps improve recording efficiency and data accuracy. Therefore, the designed system can support data-driven decision-making and improve the quality of customer service at the Sumber Rejeki Store in Grobogan Regency.

The rapid growth of short-video-based social media platforms, particularly TikTok, has significantly influenced students learning behavior and productivity. This study aims to analyze the relationship between TikTok usage and students learning productivity. A qualitative literature review method was employed by examining relevant national and international scholarly articles published between 2021 and 2026. The data were analyzed using thematic synthesis to identify consistent patterns and key factors shaping learning productivity in the context of TikTok usage. The findings reveal a consistent pattern indicating that TikTok usage exerts an ambivalent impact on students learning productivity. Excessive and entertainment oriented use is associated with decreased concentration, increased academic procrastination, and poor time management. In contrast, purposeful use of TikTok through educational content and microlearning formats contributes to higher learning motivation, academic engagement, and creativity. These effects are strongly influenced by usage objectives, duration of consumption, and students self regulation abilities. This study concludes that TikTok is not a single determinant of learning productivity but functions as an amplifier of students learning behaviors. The findings contribute to the literature on social media and education by providing a conceptual foundation for developing digital literacy and time management strategies in higher education.

Micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) constitute a pivotal pillar of local economic resilience in Bandar Lampung, particularly in the fashion, salon and beauty, and professional service sectors. Notwithstanding their considerable growth potential, many MSMEs continue to encounter structural constraints that impede business expansion, most notably limited entrepreneurial capability, restricted access to capital, and the suboptimal utilization of digital marketing. Against this backdrop, the present study aims to examine the partial and simultaneous effects of entrepreneurship training, capital access, and digital marketing strategy on MSME business expansion. This research employed a quantitative explanatory design with a cross-sectional approach. Data were collected from 100 MSME owners selected through purposive sampling from a population of 2,785 enterprises, and were analyzed using multiple linear regression with SPSS. The findings reveal that entrepreneurship training does not exert a statistically significant effect on business expansion (B = 0.000; p = 0.998), indicating that training, in isolation, has not yet been effectively translated into concrete growth-oriented business practices. By contrast, access to capital has a positive and significant effect (B = 0.263; p = 0.001), demonstrating that financial accessibility enhances operational scale and market development. More importantly, digital marketing strategy emerges as the most influential determinant of business expansion (B = 0.593; p < 0.001), confirming that digital platform utilization substantially strengthens market reach, customer engagement, and business competitiveness. Simultaneously, the three variables significantly affect MSME expansion (F = 34.061; p < 0.001), with an explanatory power of 51.6%. It can therefore be concluded that MSME expansion is primarily driven by the synergy of financial accessibility and digital market adaptation, while entrepreneurship training becomes meaningful only when effectively operationalized within business practice.

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a crucial role in supporting local and national economic development, particularly through employment generation and income distribution. Seasonal religious events such as Ramadan significantly influence consumption patterns and market dynamics, creating both opportunities and challenges for MSMEs. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the “Seri Ramadhan” phenomenon within the strategic management practices of MSMEs in Martapura, focusing on the periods before and after Ramadan. The research employed a qualitative descriptive approach with field study methods. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, direct observation, and documentation involving selected MSME actors in the culinary, fashion, and retail sectors. The findings indicate that prior to Ramadan, MSMEs emphasize strategic planning through product innovation, stock preparation, promotional intensification, and operational adjustments. After Ramadan, they conduct performance evaluations, inventory control, and strategic realignment to maintain business sustainability. The study highlights that Ramadan is not merely a short-term sales opportunity but also a strategic momentum integrated into broader business planning cycles. The implications suggest that adaptive and cyclical strategic management enhances MSME resilience and competitive advantage in seasonal markets.

Febrile seizures are seizure episodes that occur in association with an elevation in body temperature (rectal temperature >38°C) caused by an extracranial process. Febrile seizures are classified into two types: simple febrile seizures and complex febrile seizures. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that in 2019 there were 18.3 million cases of febrile seizures worldwide, with approximately 154,000 resulting in death. This case report discusses a patient, An YZ, a 1 year and 5-month-old female, who was brought to the emergency department of Cut Meutia Hospital with a chief complaint of seizures. The seizures began two days prior to hospital admission, characterized by generalized tonic stiffening and clonic movements involving the entire body. Each episode lasted approximately 5 minutes. The seizures occurred twice, initially at 7:00 PM and subsequently at 9:00 PM. The patient was diagnosed with complex febrile seizures associated with morbilli and very mild microcytic hypochromic anemia due to iron deficiency anemia. Pharmacological management included cefotaxime, ranitidine, ondansetron, paracetamol, ambroxol, cetirizine, diazepam (Stesolid), and vitamin D. After three days of hospitalization, the patient showed clinical improvement and was discharged.

The development of information technology has become a primary pillar in enhancing corporate operational efficiency, where rapid and accurate data integration significantly determines business competitiveness. Case study in PT Gawi Anjung Bersama (GAB) revealed that the company is facing operational constraints because the management of delivery orders and invoices still relies on conventional office applications such as Microsoft Excel and Word. This procedure causes hurdles in data sharing among staff and results in low information security due to the absence of integrated access control settings. This research aims to design and develop the Gawi Anjung Bersama Information System (SIGAB), a web-based system implementing the CodeIgniter framework. The system is developed using Waterfall model, encompassing stages from analysis, design, and implementation to testing. The research flow starts with problem identification, primary and secondary data collection, and functional and non-functional requirements analysis. The system is designed using Unified Modeling Language (UML) modeling, specifically Use Case and Class Diagrams, as well as Entity Relationship Diagrams (ERD) for the database. The system interface is designed as wireframes on Figma web. This system separates access rights into three main actors namely owner, administrator, and staff, to ensure data security. Blackbox testing results, conducted after the system was hosted, indicate that all functional features operate as intended. The implementation of SIGAB is expected to optimize the management of delivery orders and invoices at PT GAB.

The purpose of this community service program is to enhance the capacity and independence of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) by providing improved training in business management. The program covers the use of digital technology in the agricultural sector, the implementation of occupational safety and health practices, intellectual property protection, and simple financial record-keeping practices. In Pugeran Village, the activities were carried out using a collaborative approach involving the village government, MSME actors, and university students participating in the Community Service Program (Kuliah Kerja Nyata). A qualitative descriptive approach was employed through observation, interviews, and focus group discussions, complemented by direct mentoring and counseling sessions. The results indicate that MSME actors have begun to understand the importance of maintaining simple financial records, utilizing digital technology to market their products, and becoming more aware of workplace safety as well as legal protection for their businesses. The program also encouraged MSME actors to shift their perspectives and manage their enterprises in a more professional manner. However, the speed of implementation varied depending on differences in age, educational background, and established business habits. Overall, this community service activity contributed to strengthening the capacity of MSMEs and supporting sustainable economic growth in the village

Increasingly digitalised and globally integrated market competition demands that micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) no longer merely excel in local markets, but are also capable of building sustainable competitiveness in broader markets. Recent literature indicates that innovation, digital capabilities, and international networks are increasingly viewed as strategic determinants of MSME competitiveness, although the relationships between these variables are often examined in isolation and are not always consistent. This study aims to analyse the influence of innovation, digital capabilities, and international networks on the global competitiveness of MSMEs. The research employs an explanatory quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design. The sample consists of 200 owners or principal managers of SMEs in East Java, selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected via a structured questionnaire and analysed using Structural Equation Modelling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). The results of the analysis indicate that innovation, digital capabilities, and international networks have a positive and significant influence on the global competitiveness of SMEs. The path coefficient values indicate that digital capabilities are the strongest predictor, followed by international networks and innovation. These findings confirm that strengthening the global competitiveness of MSMEs requires an integrated strategy that links value renewal, digital transformation, and the sustainable development of external networks.

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are one of the key pillars of the rural economy, including in Karangkuten Village. Although they exist in significant numbers and possess considerable economic potential, most rural MSMEs still face various limitations in the marketing aspect, particularly in utilizing rapidly developing digital media. This Community Service Program (KKN) of the Faculty of Economics aims to support the digitalization process of MSMEs through the creation of engaging promotional videos integrated with the official website of Karangkuten Village. The implementation method of this program includes stages of socialization for MSME actors, video recording in six hamlets, a systematic editing process, as well as uploading and handing over the results to the village government. The results of the activity indicate that this program successfully produced MSME promotional video content that is not only engaging and informative but also suitable for publication on the village website as a digital promotional medium. In addition to increasing the visibility and branding of MSMEs, this program also contributes to strengthening the image of Karangkuten Village as a culinary village and a center for innovative creative MSMEs. This program is expected to provide long-term impacts in improving the competitiveness of MSMEs and encouraging sustainable and inclusive rural economic growth.

In response to the rapid development of technology in the economic sector, every Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprise (MSME) is required to accelerate its competitive capacity. The Community Service Program (Kuliah Kerja Nyata/KKN) plays a role as a form of community engagement aimed at empowering local potential, including Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). Several challenges faced by the cassava chips MSME at the KKN location include low business capacity and competitiveness due to limited branding and minimal utilization of digital marketing technology.The objective of this community service activity is to accelerate the capacity and competitiveness of the cassava chips MSME through digital branding assistance and the utilization of digital marketplaces. The implementation employed observation, socialization, and direct assistance methods to MSME actors, which included the creation and updating of brand identity (logo), registering the business location on Google Maps, and mentoring in the establishment of digital stores on e-commerce platforms. The results of this activity indicate an increase in MSME actors’ understanding of the importance of branding and digital marketing, as well as an expansion of product marketing reach through online channels. This KKN activity has a positive impact on enhancing business capacity and serves as an initial step toward strengthening the sustainable competitiveness of MSMEs.

This research addresses a paradoxical phenomenon in Lampung Province's Micro and Small Industry (MSI) sector (2018-2022), where high technology adoption is accompanied by declining business units and income inequality. The objective is to evaluate technical efficiency and productivity changes across 15 regencies/cities using the Variable Returns to Scale (VRS) Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model and the Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI). Results show an average technical efficiency of 0.838, indicating a 16.2% room for output improvement. Mesuji Regency serves as the benchmark with perfect efficiency. The main inefficiency stems from labor slack (averaging 3,458 people per region), reflecting disguised unemployment. The Malmquist index records an asymmetric productivity growth of 2.1% annually, entirely driven by technological progress (3.5%), while internal managerial efficiency contracted (-1.4%). Consequently, technology adoption requires structural intervention; regional governments must prioritize vocational training and basic managerial strengthening to reduce labor slack and break the MSI inefficiency cycle.

Abstract: Lesson Study is a collaborative process where teachers identify learning problems, plan improvements, implement instruction with one teacher teaching and others observing, evaluate, revise, re-teach, re-evaluate, and disseminate results. This method serves as a reference for HOTS-based classroom instruction aimed at enhancing learning motivation, student achievement, and critical thinking. The community service was conducted at the Tadris Social Sciences Study Program, FTIK, UIN Sayyid Ali Rahmatullah, and MI Podorejo, Sumber Gempol, Tulungagung, through planning, implementation, and reflection stages. This study employed a descriptive qualitative method with a sequential design covering preparation, micro-teaching training, school mentoring, Lesson Study implementation, and comprehensive final evaluation. Observations from this Lesson Study revealed that students demonstrated critical thinking and active participation in learning. This activity is expected to foster synergy among lecturers, teachers, and pre-service teachers in designing, implementing, and evaluating teaching-learning activities, making instructional methods more creative, innovative, and adaptive to technological advancements.

Litopenaeus vannamei is a brackish-water aquaculture commodity that is highly favored by the Indonesian community and represents one of the country’s leading aquaculture products, with production continuing to increase in response to rising domestic and export demand. One of the main factors triggering disease in L. vannamei is the presence of Vibrio sp. bacteria, which are recognized as serious pathogens in various aquaculture organisms and serve as causative agents of bacterial diseases. These bacteria naturally inhabit marine environments and are categorized as opportunistic, meaning they become pathogenic when environmental conditions decline and host health is compromised. Disinfectants are chemical substances used to inhibit or eliminate microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi (excluding bacterial spores) on non-living surfaces. One disinfectant material is Smart Care (Intracare B.V., The Netherlands), which contains stabilized hydrogen peroxide with a prolonged-release mechanism. This study employed an experimental method using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four treatments and five replications. The treatments included a control (without H₂O₂) and applications of H₂O₂ at concentrations of 1 ml/L, 2 ml/L, 3 ml/L, and 4 ml/L. The results indicated that the addition of hydrogen peroxide at different concentrations did not produce statistically significant differences in suppressing the growth rate of Vibrio sp. Nevertheless, treatment C (3 ml/L H₂O₂) showed the highest inhibitory effect, with no bacterial colony growth observed. Therefore, the application of H₂O₂ at 3 ml/L demonstrates potential in reducing Vibrio sp. growth and supporting sustainable shrimp aquaculture practices.

Anemia during pregnancy is a major public health issue, especially in developing countries like Indonesia, contributing to maternal morbidity and adverse pregnancy outcomes. The second trimester, marked by increased iron needs due to plasma volume expansion and fetal growth, is critical for preventing anemia. Moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera), rich in micronutrients, may serve as an effective nutritional intervention to enhance hemoglobin levels in pregnant women. This study aimed to assess the impact of moringa leaf supplementation on hemoglobin levels in second-trimester pregnant women. Using a one-group pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design, the study was conducted at the Tadoy Community Health Center in Bolaang Mongondow Regency from October to November 2025, involving 25 pregnant women selected via purposive sampling. Hemoglobin levels were measured before and after the supplementation. Data analysis, including the Shapiro-Wilk test and Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, indicated significant changes in hemoglobin levels (p = 0.000). The results showed a notable increase in hemoglobin levels post-supplementation, supporting the potential of moringa leaves as a safe, affordable, and effective intervention. This finding suggests that moringa leaves could be integrated into antenatal care and nutrition education to help prevent anemia in pregnant women.  

This study analyzes the performance of the Dual Modulus RSA algorithm in securing text data using Python. The rapid growth of digital technology has increased the risk of data security threats, making efficient and secure encryption essential. Dual Modulus RSA is a modification of the classic RSA algorithm that uses two different moduli in the encryption and decryption process, thus increasing security levels because attackers must factorize two moduli simultaneously. This research uses an experimental quantitative approach by measuring the execution time of encryption and decryption processes with variations in plaintext length (5, 10, and 15 characters). Implementation was carried out using Python 3 with the time.perf_counter() function for microsecond-precision measurement. The results show that the Dual Modulus RSA algorithm successfully encrypts and decrypts all test plaintexts correctly. Encryption time ranged from 0.0212 ms to 0.0823 ms, while decryption time ranged from 0.0422 ms to 0.0955 ms. There is a positive linear relationship between plaintext length and processing time. Decryption is consistently slower than encryption due to the larger private key exponent (d1=2753, d2=3533) compared to the public exponent (e=17). The main factors affecting performance are exponent size, dual modulus overhead, CPU caching effects, and Python interpretation overhead. This study recommends using Dual Modulus RSA with hybrid encryption for practical implementation to balance security and performance.