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Postpartum mothers’ understanding of the benefits of vitamin A plays a crucial role in the effectiveness of postpartum vitamin A supplementation programs. Vitamin A contributes to maternal immune function, supports visual health, and enhances the vitamin A content of breast milk, which is essential for infant health. Despite its importance, mothers’ knowledge regarding the benefits of vitamin A during the postpartum period remains inconsistent, indicating the need for more effective health education strategies. One approach that has the potential to improve comprehension among postpartum mothers is the use of audiovisual educational media. This study aimed to examine the effect of audiovisual media on postpartum mothers’ knowledge of the benefits of vitamin A at Ome Inpatient Primary Health Center. A quasi-experimental design with a one-group pretest–posttest approach was employed. The study sample consisted of 30 postpartum mothers selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using a structured knowledge questionnaire administered before and after the audiovisual education intervention. Data analysis included univariate analysis and bivariate analysis using the paired t-test. The findings demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in postpartum mothers’ knowledge following the audiovisual intervention. Mean knowledge scores increased markedly, accompanied by a shift in knowledge levels from poor and moderate categories to good. Statistical testing confirmed a significant difference between pre-intervention and post-intervention knowledge scores. In conclusion, audiovisual media have a significant positive effect on improving postpartum mothers’ knowledge of the benefits of vitamin A. This educational approach can be considered an effective and practical method for postpartum health education in primary healthcare settings.

Emesis gravidarum is a condition that is commonly experienced by pregnant women in the first trimester. This condition is characterized by complaints of nausea and vomiting which can cause discomfort, and even have the potential to cause serious complications if not handled properly. Based on data from the Sabatai Baru Health Center, Morotai Island, there were 5 cases of emesis gravidarum out of a total of 49 registered first-trimester pregnant women. Various factors, such as maternal age, parity, employment status, level of knowledge, family support, and environmental conditions, are known to play a role in the occurrence of emesis gravidarum. This study aims to examine the relationship between these factors and the incidence of emesis gravidarum in pregnant women in the first trimester at Harapan Bunda Hospital, Central Lampung. This study uses a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design, involving 40 respondents who were selected using the total sampling technique. Data collection was carried out through questionnaires of respondent characteristics and PUQE-24 instruments, then analyzed using Chi-Square test and multivariate logistic regression. The results showed that as many as 23 respondents (57.5%) experienced mild to moderate emesis gravidarum, 17 respondents (42.5%) were in the high-risk age group, 22 respondents (55%) were primigravida, and 18 respondents (45%) had low levels of family support. Bivariate analysis showed a significant relationship between maternal age (p = 0.035), parity (p = 0.042), and family support (p = 0.001) and the incidence of emesis gravidarum. Furthermore, the results of the multivariate analysis revealed that family support was the most dominant factor influencing the occurrence of emesis gravidarum (p = 0.001; OR = 3.5). It is hoped that pregnant women will receive adequate education regarding the prevention and handling of emesis gravidarum.

The incidence of short toddlers or commonly called stunting is one of the nutritional problems experienced by toddlers in the world today. Stunting is a chronic condition in toddlers that describes inhibited body growth due to nutritional deficiencies in the long term. Stunting can have a bad impact on a person both in the short and long term. The adverse impact in the short term is disruption of brain development, intelligence, physical growth disorders, and metabolic disorders in the body. Meanwhile, the long-term adverse effects are decreased cognitive ability and learning achievement, decreased immunity, and a high risk of diabetes, obesity, heart and vascular disease, cancer, stroke, and disability in old age. Objective: To analyze the corellation between the level of knowledge and the incidence of stunting in toddlers at the UPTD Panarung Palangka Raya Health Center and to analyze the relationship between the age of the mother during pregnancy and the incidence of stunting in toddlers at the UPTD Panarung Health Center Palangka Raya. Methods: The design of this study is correlational (Non-Experimental), a type of cross sectional approach; the sample is 59 respondents at the UPTD Panarung Health Center. Results: Based on the results of the Spearman Rank statistical test, a value of p 0.000 < 0.05 can be concluded that H1 is accepted, meaning that there is a meaningful corellation between maternal knowledge and stunting incidence. And the results of  the Spearman Rank  statistical test obtained a value of p 0.009 < 0.05, it can be concluded that H1 is accepted, meaning that there is a meaningful corellation between the mother's age and the incidence of stunting. Conclusion: The results of this study show that there is a corellation between the level of awareness and the incidence of stunting in toddlers. And there is a corellation between the age of the mother during pregnancy and the incidence  of stunting in toddlers.

Maternal health is a measure of the level of social welfare. Maternal death is the death of a woman during pregnancy, childbirth or within 42 days after the end of pregnancy. Perineal rupture is the second most common cause of postpartum bleeding. Tearing may coincide with uterine atony. Based on data from the World Health Organization (WHO), 2.7 million cases of perineal rupture occurred in mothers giving birth. This figure is estimated to reach 6.3 million in 2050. One way to prevent perineal rupture is to maintain the elasticity of the perineum. Increasing the elasticity of the perineum is done by means of pregnancy exercises. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between pregnancy exercise and perineal rupture in postpartum mothers at Anemia Of Pregnant Women At BPM Helena Astuti Sinaga.The research design is an analytical study with a cross-sectional approach. The population in this study was all mothers giving birth at Anemia Of Pregnant Women At BPM Helena Astuti Sinaga in November-March 2023, namely 764 people with a research sample of 88 people. The sampling technique used random sampling and research analysis used the chi square test.The research results showed that the majority of pregnant women who took part in pregnancy exercise at BPM were 47 (53.4%) and those who did not do pregnancy exercise were 41 (46.6%). Inpartum mothers who experienced perineal rupture were 42 (47.3%) and those who did not experience perineal rupture were 46 (52.3%). Based on the results of statistical tests between pregnancy exercise and perineal rupture, the p value = 0.003 (p < 0.05). The conclusion of this study is that there is a significant relationship between pregnancy exercise and perineal rupture during birth at BPM Helena Astuti Sinaga. So it was suggested to Anemia Of Pregnant Women At BPM Helena Astuti Sinaga to improve services, especially for pregnant women, to do pregnancy exercises.

Antenatal care is the midwifery care midwives provide to pregnant women before the baby's birth to ensure positive outcomes for both the mother and the baby. This care involves establishing a trusting relationship with the mother, detecting complications that could threaten life, preparing for the baby's birth, and providing health education for the mother. This descriptive study investigated pregnant mothers’ cognition of antenatal care at Midwifery Clinician Siti Nurjannah Ngemplak Demak by overviewing the object. This study's population consists of primigravida pregnant women in their third trimester taken with saturated sampling or total sampling, resulting in a sample of 40 primigravida pregnant women in their third trimester. The instruments used in this study include a questionnaire on pregnant mothers' cognition about antenatal care and the Maternal and Child Health (KIA) book for pregnant mothers. The researchers analyzed the data using univariate methods that include: the characteristics of pregnant women, knowledge of pregnant women about antenatal care, and the frequency of antenatal care visits. The research findings reveal that 20 respondents, or 50%, possess the majority of high school education characteristics. In terms of employment, 26 respondents, or 65%, are employed. Most respondents were aged 20–35 years. In terms of education level, they had an average level of cognition, with a frequency of 18 respondents (45%). When it comes to the frequency of visits by pregnant women, most respondents complied, with 26 respondents (65%) reporting a visit frequency. The research findings suggest that motivating pregnant women about the importance of knowledge and antenatal care visits is a recommended strategy.

Stunting is a health problem that is still a concern in Indonesia, including in Panton Village, Nisam District, North Aceh. This village has a fairly high stunting rate, influenced by various factors such as exclusive breastfeeding, maternal knowledge, and family support. This study aims to analyze the relationship between exclusive breastfeeding, maternal knowledge, and family support on the incidence of stunting in Panton Village. The study used an observational analytical design with a cross-sectional approach and involved 30 respondents selected by purposive sampling. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using the chi-square test with a significance level of 0.05. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and the incidence of stunting (p = 0.003). In addition, maternal knowledge was also related to the incidence of stunting (p = 0.005). Family support also had a significant relationship to the incidence of stunting (p = 0.001). In conclusion, exclusive breastfeeding, maternal knowledge, and family support play an important role in preventing stunting. Therefore, it is suggested to health workers, especially the health promotion and nutrition division, to improve education for mothers and families regarding the importance of exclusive breastfeeding, balanced nutrition, and parenting patterns that support optimal child growth.

Background: In Indonesia, coughs and colds increase from 10% to 35.5%. Due to this situation, many mothers are still not fully aware of the proper handling of coughs and colds, which is further exacerbated by the issue of syrup medications containing ethylene glycol that exceed the safe dosage limits, potentially leading to kidney failure in infants. There are two types of cold treatments: pharmacological with oral medications such as powders and syrups, and non-pharmacological with common cold massage. Research objective: This quantitative research determined the effect of educational videos on common cold massage for infants on mothers' cognition and motivation in performing self-massage at the Mranggen I Public Health Care with a pre-experimental method and a one-group pre-test-post-test design. The population in this study consisted of mothers with children aged 4–12 months at the Mranggen I Public Health Care taken with a simple random sampling technique, resulting in 54 mothers. The applied instruments in this research were the Common Cold Cognition questionnaire and maternal motivation. The researchers analyzed the data using univariate and bivariate analysis, employing the Wilcoxon test to identify the non-normally distributed effect of video education on knowledge, and the paired t-test to evaluate its normal distribution effect on motivation. Research Results: Video education has an influence on mothers' cognition and motivation to perform self-massage at Mranggen I Public Health Center, with a p-value of 0.000 < 0.05. Conclusions and suggestions: Respondents, mothers with children aged 4–12 months at the Mranggen I public health care, had excellent knowledge (46.3%) and strong motivation (46.3%). The researcher expects that mothers in the Mranggen I public health care area will seek more information about common cold massages.

The Maternal and Child Health Book (MCH Book) is an important tool in supporting maternal and child health, including to monitor optimal child development. However, the utilization of the MCH Book is still not optimal in the community, with many parents not utilizing the information in it. This study aims to describe the level of knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of parents in utilizing the MCH Book. This study used a quantitative descriptive design with a cross-sectional approach. A sample of 139 respondents was selected using purposive sampling method at Posyandu Sumurgede Village. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire that measured the level of knowledge, attitude, and behavior of parents towards the utilization of the MCH Book. Data were analyzed univariately to describe the frequency distribution of variables. The results showed that parents' knowledge about MCH Book was mostly good (89.9%), the attitude was predominantly positive (84.2%), and the behavior of MCH Book utilization was mostly good (81.3%). However, there were still respondents with moderate knowledge (10.1%), moderate attitude (12.2%), and moderate behavior (15.1%). Therefore, further educational efforts are needed to increase awareness and more optimal utilization of the MCH Book.

Stunting is a serious health issue in developing countries that has long-term effects on children's growth, and it is important for parents to know about early detection of stunting so they can prevent it. The purpose of this research is to describe parents' general knowledge about early detection of stunting. This study uses a quantitative research type with a descriptive method and survey design. This study involves parents with toddlers, with a sample size of 293. The sampling technique used was consecutive sampling. Data were collected through a questionnaire that measures parents' knowledge about stunting and how stunting can be detected early. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics to describe the characteristics of the respondents and their level of knowledge. The research results show that out of 293 respondents, the educational characteristics indicate that 58.4% are at the high school level. In terms of employment, 65.5% of respondents are housewives. Meanwhile, the analysis of the respondents' age characteristics shows that the median age is 32 years. In addition, the data regarding the respondents' knowledge shows that 82.3% have a high level of knowledge. As for the questionnaire, the question that was most frequently unanswered was question number 20, which discusses reading graphs on maternal and child health (MCH). There are efforts to improve mothers' knowledge about early detection of stunting because the research results still show that there are respondents with moderate knowledge.

Exclusive breastfeeding was a good investment for children. Breast milk (ASI) is food that can be given to babies aged 0-6 months and breast milk has many benefits. Therefore, mothers must have good knowledge, attitudes and self-confidence towards exclusive breastfeeding. To determine the relationship between knowledge and attitudes in giving exclusive breastfeeding to Prenatal Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy in the Bandarharjo Community Health Center Working Area, Semarang City. Type of quantitative research with a cross sectional approach. The sample was pregnant women. The technique used was purposive sampling of 100 respondents. The correlation test used was the Spearman rho test. Using the Spearman correlation test of maternal knowledge on PBSE, the p-value was 0.014 (<0.05). There was a significant relationship between mother's knowledge of PBSE with a correlation of 0.246, which was weak with a positive correlation or close relationship. Meanwhile, attitudes towards PBSE resulted in a p-value of 0.000 (<0.05). There is a significant relationship between the mother's attitude towards PBSE, a correlation of 0.358, namely moderate with a positive correlation or close relationship. There was a relationship between knowledge and attitudes in giving exclusive breastfeeding to prenatal breastfeeding self-efficacy.

Perineal wounds due to spontaneous tears or episiotomy are common conditions experienced by postpartum mothers and have the potential to cause complications if not properly cared for. Low knowledge and compliance of postpartum mothers in performing perineal wound care remains a problem in primary health care. This study aims to analyze the effect of perineal wound care education on the level of knowledge and compliance of postpartum mothers at the Laiwui Community Health Center, South Halmahera. The study used a quasi-experimental design with a one-group pretest–posttest approach. The study sample consisted of 40 postpartum mothers with perineal wounds and were selected using a total sampling technique. The intervention in the form of perineal wound care education was provided in a structured manner through counseling, leaflets, and live demonstrations. The level of knowledge and compliance was measured before and after the intervention using a standardized questionnaire. Data analysis was performed univariately and bivariately using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. The results showed an increase in the level of knowledge and compliance of postpartum mothers after being provided with education. The Wilcoxon test showed a significant difference between knowledge levels before and after education (p < 0.05), as well as a significant difference in postpartum maternal compliance (p < 0.05). It can be concluded that perineal wound care education has a significant effect on increasing postpartum maternal knowledge and compliance. Structured and applicable education is recommended to be integrated as part of the standard postpartum care in primary health care to support maternal recovery and prevent postpartum complications.

Background: Anemia in pregnancy remains a major public health problem and contributes to increased maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. One of the main causes of anemia in pregnant women is inadequate knowledge regarding anemia prevention, including iron intake, nutrition, and healthy behaviors during pregnancy. Health education is considered an important intervention to improve pregnant women’s understanding and preventive practices against anemia. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of health education on anemia prevention among pregnant women at the Gemia Outpatient Health Center. Methods: This study employed an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 20 pregnant women selected using a total sampling technique. Data were collected using structured questionnaires to assess knowledge and anemia prevention behaviors before and after receiving health education. Data analysis was conducted using the Chi-square test to determine the effect of health education on anemia prevention among pregnant women. Results: The results showed a statistically significant effect of health education on anemia prevention in pregnant women. The Chi-square test revealed a p-value of 0.000 (p < 0.05), indicating that health education had a significant influence on anemia prevention practices among pregnant women. Conclusion: Health education has a significant effect on anemia prevention in pregnant women. Providing structured and continuous health education can improve knowledge and preventive behaviors related to anemia during pregnancy. Therefore, health education should be strengthened as an integral part of antenatal care services to reduce the incidence of anemia in pregnant women.

This article explores the significance of exclusive breastfeeding, child nutrition, and personal hygiene in enhancing maternal and child health. The study aimed to enhance mothers' knowledge about exclusive breastfeeding, child nutrition for ages 0-24 months, and personal hygiene through home visits and leaflet distribution. The program was conducted in 15 households in Mata Wawatu Village, utilizing Pre-Test and Post-Test assessments to evaluate knowledge changes. The findings indicated a notable improvement in mothers' understanding following the educational interventions. Additionally, the appealing leaflet media contributed to raising public awareness.

This article explores the significance of exclusive breastfeeding, child nutrition, and personal hygiene in enhancing maternal and child health. The study aimed to enhance mothers' knowledge about exclusive breastfeeding, child nutrition for ages 0-24 months, and personal hygiene through home visits and leaflet distribution. The program was conducted in 15 households in Mata Wawatu Village, utilizing Pre-Test and Post-Test assessments to evaluate knowledge changes. The findings indicated a notable improvement in mothers' understanding following the educational interventions. Additionally, the appealing leaflet media contributed to raising public awareness.

Backround: Basic immunization is a crucial step in preventing communicable diseases that can be controlled through vaccination in infants. However, the coverage of basic immunization in Indonesia has not yet reached the desired target. One of the factors influencing immunization coverage is the low level of maternal knowledge about immunization. This issue was identified in a preliminary study conducted at PMB Suratni. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of health education using audio-visual media in improving mothers' knowledge about basic immunization at PMB Suratni.Methods: This study employed a quasi-experimental design with a control group. A total of 50 mothers with infants aged 0–12 months at PMB Suratni were selected as respondents. The intervention group received health education using audio-visual media, while the control group was given conventional lecture-based education. Data were collected through pretest and posttest questionnaires and analyzed using the Wilcoxon test and N-Gain score.Results: Expert evaluations of the material and media categorized them as appropriate. The study results from both interventions indicated a significant improvement in maternal knowledge in the group that received audio-visual education compared to the control group. The average N-Gain score in the intervention group was 0.72 (high category), whereas the control group scored 0.45 (moderate category). The Wilcoxon test showed a p-value of <0.05, indicating a significant difference between the two groups.Conclusion: Health education using audio-visual media is proven to be more effective in enhancing mothers' knowledge about basic immunization compared to the lecture method. Audio-visual health education can serve as an interactive and informative alternative in health education programs to improve basic immunization coverage in infants.  

Exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of an infant's life is an important practice that supports child growth and development. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between internal maternal factors and breastfeeding patterns. The study was conducted using a cross sectional study design. The study was conducted at Puskesmas Putat Jaya Surabaya with a sample of 63 mothers with infants <6 months who provide direct breastfeeding to their babies. Data were obtained from questionnaires, weight measurement using digital scales and height using microtoice. Data were processed using chi square test. The test results showed that there was a significant relationship between maternal knowledge with proper colostrum feeding (p = 0.002), parity with breastfeeding frequency (p = 0.002) and maternal nutritional status with breastfeeding frequency (p = 0.001). While other variables in this study showed no significant relationship. It can be concluded that there is a relationship between maternal knowledge and proper colostrum feeding and there is a significant relationship between parity and nutritional status with the frequency of breastfeeding. Suggestions for the need for education as an increase in knowledge and maintaining a diet to increase the success of breastfeeding.

Stunting is still a health problem in Indonesia, especially in children over 12 months. Maternal education through booklets is an important innovation in preventing it. Objective: Analyze the effect of booklet education on the knowledge of mothers of toddlers. Quasi-experimental method with pretest and posttest on 18 mothers of stunting toddlers. The results of the research show a significant increase in maternal knowledge after being given education. The results of statistical tests show that there is a positive influence from education using booklets on increasing mothers' understanding of stunting in the work area of ​​Benteng Sukabumi City Health Center.

Women who experience anxiety during pregnancy will experience more abnormal labor and can even be complicated by maternal and fetal death. Psychological conditions with anxiety and depression in pregnant women will affect the emergence of diseases and complications of pregnancy and childbirth, both in the mother and the baby. Anxiety in pregnancy has been proven to be reduced through physical exercise. One of the recommended physical exercises is yoga because it is low cost, easy to do and very beneficial for physical and psychological fitness. Yoga in pregnancy is more effective in reducing anxiety and depression, because in yoga in addition to doing physical exercise, pregnant women are equipped with positive affirmations so that mothers can accept physiological changes during pregnancy and childbirth.The general objective of this activity is that pregnant women at PMB Sri Rejeki DH Jabung Tanon Plupuh Sragen understand and can do prenatal yoga independently. The method of this activity is carried out by lecture, namely the method used as an introduction to provide knowledge about prenatal yoga for pregnant women in Trimester III and with discussion and questions and answers, as well as practice or demonstration of prenatal yoga for pregnant women. The media used is a poster of prenatal yoga for pregnant women in Trimester III. The conclusion of the community service activity is that pregnant women have understood about prenatal yoga to reduce anxiety levels in facing the labor process. This can be seen from the results of the pre-test and post-test, where before the counseling and practice of prenatal yoga, pregnant women did not understand several things about prenatal yoga by 40%. However, after the counseling, pregnant women became more knowledgeable about prenatal yoga, namely 90%. The results of this community service activity are that pregnant women can do prenatal yoga independently at home, where before the prenatal yoga training, pregnant women were not able to do prenatal yoga independently. Some pregnant women have reduced their anxiety after doing prenatal yoga with several independent implementations at home, with the help of prenatal yoga videos.

Immunization Completeness base is an immunization that must be given to children from birth so that their bodies are protected from dangerous diseases. Complete basic immunization coverage in Suka Raya Village, Pancur Batu District reached 80.7%: the low coverage of basic immunization is related to the knowledge and attitudes of mothers. This study aims to determine the relationship between maternal knowledge and attitudes and the completeness of basic immunization in infants. Data collection from primary and secondary data, data were analyzed using the chi-square test with a 95% confidence level. This type of research is analytical with a Cross Sectional approach , the population in this study were all mothers who had babies aged 9-12 months who visited Suka Raya Village, namely 42 people. The sampling technique is Total Sampling. Collection data For about complete basic immunization data analysis with Chi Square statistical test . The results of the study showed that there was a relationship between maternal knowledge and attitudes with the completeness of basic immunization with a p value for the knowledge variable of 0.003 and a p value for the attitude variable of 0.000. Then, maternal knowledge and attitudes influenced the completeness of basic immunization in infants, mothers with good knowledge and positive attitudes were more likely to complete their infants' basic immunization according to the specified schedule. It is recommended for Pancur Batu Village to further improve the provision of counseling to mothers about complete basic immunization and for health workers in Pancur Batu Village to improve maternal knowledge about the completeness of basic immunization

The maternal mortality is an obstacle in efforts to develop human resources because it can reduce the level of maternal health and community welfare. Cases of maternal deaths in Tanjungpinang City in 2023 have increased compared to 2022, bringing the total to six deaths. Problem in the health sector cannot be separated from the affairs of the regional government, in this case through the Tanjungpinang City Health, Population Control, and Family Planning Service. This research aims to analyse the strategies carried out by the Tanjungpinang City Government in efforts to reduce maternal mortality using Strategy Theory by Geoff Mulgan. The research method used was a qualitative research method with a case study approach was and a total of 11 informants. Data collection techniques were carried out using interviews and documentation and analysed by data collection, data reduction, and data presentation. The research results show that the Tanjungpinang City Government in 2023 has carried out activities related to efforts to reduce maternal mortality in accordance with its vision and mission. This activity involves the Community Health Centre and parties in the field to ensure that pregnant women are monitored and follow the directions given. The challenges faced by the Tanjungpinang City Government with the high maternal mortality in 2023 are the lack of knowledge of pregnant women regarding pregnancy, the low level of delivery which is not carried put in health facilities, and the lack of empowerment of families and communities regarding the KIA Book. Overall, the strategy implemented by the government must be supported by the role of the community as the recipient of the strategy so that the high maternal mortality rate in Tanjungpinang City in 2023 means that the reduction has not been optimal due to a lack of knowledge and community awareness.