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This research aims to develop a digital weighing scale based on Arduino Nano that can be used to accurately measure the weight of products in micro, small,and medium enterprises (MSMEs) producing ginger powder, specifically for the MSME "Bubuk Jahe Bu Mai." Additionally, this research also includes the design of attractive and practical packaging to enhance the product's appeal in the market. The implementation of this digital weighing scale is expected to improve efficiency in the production process and ensure product weight consistency, while the packaging design aims to attract consumers' attention and enhance the product's image. The method used is research and development (R&D) with a product design approach and tool testing. The results of this research show that the developed digital weighing scale can produce accurate measurements with a very small margin of error. The packaging design also successfully improved the product's presentation, which can attract consumers' attention. The implementation of these two components is expected to improve the quality of "Bubuk Jahe Bu Mai" products and provide a positive impact on the product's competitiveness in the market.

Antenatal Care (ANC) is an essential component of maternal health services that plays a vital role in maintaining the health of the mother and fetus during pregnancy and delivery. In Indonesia, coverage of ANC services K1 has reached 100%, but coverage of K4 has only reached 78% and has not met the national target. A case study in Sidenreng Rappang Regency showed better results with K1 coverage of 98% and K4 reaching 97%, although there is still room for improvement. This quantitative study with a cross-sectional design aims to analyze the relationship between maternal knowledge, attitudes, and husband's support factors on the utilization of ANC services at the Compong Village Health Post. The study population included 190 mothers with toddlers registered at the Compong Village Health Post. Sampling was carried out using the Slovin formula with a 95% confidence level and a 5% margin of error, resulting in 127 respondents as the research sample. The data collection method was carried out through a structured questionnaire containing questions about respondent characteristics, level of knowledge, attitudes towards ANC, and level of husband's support. Data analysis used the Chi-Square statistical test with a significance level of p<0.05 to determine the relationship between the independent and dependent variables. The results revealed several important findings. First, there was a significant relationship (p=0.002) between maternal knowledge and utilization of ANC services. Second, maternal attitudes also showed a significant relationship (p=0.001) with the frequency of ANC visits. Third, husband's support was shown to have a significant influence (p=0.003) on maternal participation in ANC programs. These findings confirm the multifactorial role in determining ANC service utilization. Practical implications of this study include recommendations for improving health education programs that not only target pregnant women but also actively involve husbands.

This study examines the contribution of the PAKEM (Participatory, Active, Creative, and Fun) learning model in fostering students' self-confidence in outlying areas, especially Hoi Village, Oenino District, South Central Timor Regency. The background of the study is the low self-confidence of students due to minimal parental support, social pressure, and geographical and economic challenges that affect the quality of learning. This study aims to identify learning strategies used by teachers to build students' self-confidence and improve their learning achievement. The method used is a qualitative approach through literature studies and interviews with three informants: two elementary school teachers who actively teach and open free tutoring, and one local resident as a direct observer. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of the PAKEM model has a significant impact on increasing students' self-confidence through active, contextual, and fun learning activities. Teachers who are pedagogically sensitive are able to create an inclusive and supportive learning space, so that students feel valued and dare to express themselves. Despite obstacles such as time constraints, variations in student character, and a less than ideal teacher-student ratio, the PAKEM model still provides positive results in building learning motivation and restoring students' self-image. In conclusion, PAKEM is not just a learning method, but a transformative approach that is able to overcome students' psychological barriers and create a strong foundation of self-confidence to support children's academic success and character.

Introduction: Periodontal tissue is a supporting and protective tissue of the teeth consisting of gingiva, periodontal ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone. One type of periodontal disease is gingival enlargement. The main factor that causes this disease is bacterial plaque, so gingivectomy treatment is needed. Gingivectomy is a procedure to cut excess gingival tissue with the aim of eliminating pockets and gingival inflammation, so that good physiological, functional and aesthetic gingiva is obtained. Case: A 19-year-old male presented to Soelastri Dental and Oral Hospital with complaints of gingival enlargement, which had been occurring for the past six months, primarily affecting the upper right posterior and lower anterior gingiva. The patient reported no history of systemic illness and no known allergies to medications or food. Clinically, the gingiva appeared enlarged, soft in consistency, reddish in color, with blunted gingival margins. Periodontal pocket depths were recorded as follows: tooth 32 : 433, 31 : 423, 41 : 323 and 42 : 333. A diagnosis of gingival enlargement was established.. Management: The initial treatment consisted of scaling and root planing. However, no significant improvement was observed at the 7-day follow-up. Consequently, gingivectomy was performed on teeth 32, 31, 41, and 42. A follow-up evaluation was conducted 10 days post-operatively. Intraoral examination revealed periodontal pocket depths of 31 (2-1-1), 32 (2-1-2), 41 (2-1-2), and 42 (2-1-2). The patient demonstrated good oral hygiene, with a marked reduction in gingival enlargement. Nonetheless, mild edema and erythema persisted on the labial aspect of teeth 41 and 42. Conclusion : Gingival enlargement is an inflammation that occurs in the gingiva due to local factors, namely plaque bacteria. Treatment of gingival enlargement that does not shrink after scaling, root planing, must be performed gingivectomy so that good morphology and aesthetics are obtained.

The profitability of Village Credit Institutions (LPDs) is influenced by their ability to collect and manage Third-Party Funds (TPF) optimally. However, economic dynamics such as market risk and inflation may weaken the effect of TPF on profitability. This study aims to examine the effect of Third-Party Funds on profitability with market risk and inflation as moderating variables. The research was conducted on LPDs operating in Denpasar City during the 2021–2023 period using 92 financial report observations obtained through purposive sampling. Profitability is measured using Return on Assets (ROA), market risk is proxied by the Net Interest Margin (NIM), and inflation is proxied by the Consumer Price Index (CPI). This study employs a quantitative approach using the Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) technique. The results show that Third-Party Funds have a positive and significant effect on profitability. Market risk significantly weakens the relationship between Third-Party Funds and profitability, while inflation is not proven to be a moderating variable in this relationship.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh kinerja keuangan yang terdiri dari capital adequancy ratio, liquid assets of total asset, dan net interest margin terhadap nilai perusahaan dengan profitabilitas (return of asset) sebagai variabel moderasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Populasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan perbankan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia pada periode 2020-2023. Data ini diakses melalui website www.idx.com dan website resmi perusahaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik purposive sampling sehingga memperoleh 52 data pengamatan. Data dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis regresi linear berganda dengan alat SPSS versi 26. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa capital adequancy ratio berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan, liquid assets of total asset berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan, net interest margin berpengaruh positif tetapi tidak signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan, profitabilitas (return of asset) tidak dapat memoderasi pengaruh capital adequancy ratio, liquid assets of total asset, dan net interest margin terhadap nilai perusahaan.

Profitability, measured by Return on Asset (ROA), is a key indicator for assessing the performance and resilience of the banking sector. During the 2019–2023 period, the Indonesian banking sector faced significant pressure from the COVID-19 pandemic, which impacted asset quality and financial performance. This study aims to analyze the simultaneous and partial effects of Non-Performing Loan (NPL), the BI Rate, inflation, Net Interest Margin (NIM), and Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) on the ROA of commercial banks in Indonesia. This research employs a quantitative approach using monthly secondary data from 2019 to 2023. The analysis was conducted using Robust Least Squares (RLS) with M-estimation, a Wald test for simultaneous significance, and a z-statistic for partial tests. The results indicate that, simultaneously, the five independent variables have a significant effect on ROA with a significance value of 0,000 and a coefficient of determination of 67,1 percent. Partially, NPL has a significant negative effect on ROA, while NIM, CAR, and inflation have significant positive effects. The BI Rate shows no significant influence. The implications of these findings highlight the managerial importance of strengthening credit risk management to control NPL, enhancing intermediation efficiency to maintain a healthy NIM, and preserving capital adequacy. From a policy perspective, these results justify the continued strengthening of prudential supervision over banks' internal ratios by financial authorities. Furthermore, the insignificance of the BI Rate suggests that the monetary policy transmission to bank profitability is indirect, necessitating a focus on internal factors to maintain the stability of the banking sector.

Dance education has a strategic role in shaping students' character and developing their creativity and discipline potential from an early age. Amidst the challenges of modern education that tend to emphasize cognitive aspects, arts education is often marginalized, even though art, especially dance, has a major contribution to the formation of personality and the development of students' creative thinking skills and responsible attitudes. The purpose of this study is to analyze the role of dance education in fostering creativity and discipline in elementary school students. This study uses a qualitative approach with a library research method, with data sources coming from books, accredited journal articles, and relevant previous research results. Data analysis was carried out using Miles and Huberman's interactive techniques which include data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study show that dance activities provide a wide space for students to express their ideas and feelings creatively through movement, as well as forming a disciplined attitude through routine practice, group work, and regularity in the performance process. In addition, dance education also contributes to strengthening students' cultural identity and social-emotional abilities. In conclusion, dance arts education plays a significant role in fostering students' creativity and discipline, although it still faces various obstacles such as limited teachers, facilities, and lack of attention to art in the school curriculum.

Arrogance, referred to in the Quran as kibr, takabbur, or istikbār, is a serious moral issue with spiritual, social, and political dimensions that require careful consideration. Pride is a major obstacle in accepting divine truth and can contribute to the collapse of the social order, as depicted in the stories of Pharaoh, Qarun, and Iblis. In the modern context, pride appears in various complex forms, including intellectual pride, political dominance, economic inequality and exclusivism. It has also evolved into a structural problem that causes discrimination, marginalization of minority voices, and global tensions. This study analyzes the concept of pride in the Qur'ān using a theoretical approach rooted in themes. This qualitative methodology allows for the development of inductive theories directly drawn from the sacred text. This approach overcomes the limitations of previous research, which is often fragmentary and descriptive. Through open, axial, and selective coding of Qur'anic verses and stories about pride, this study will reconstruct the definition, forms, and characteristics (cognitive, affective, and behavioral) of pride, as well as its consequences in this world and the hereafter. The results show that pride manifests in actions such as belittling others, boasting of self and wealth, rejecting the truth, and showing physical arrogance.

This study aims to evaluate the financial performance of PT. Matahari Department Store Tbk for the 2023–2024 period using financial ratio analysis, particularly profitability and liquidity ratios. The study applies a descriptive quantitative approach, utilizing secondary data from the company’s financial reports. Profitability ratios such as Net Profit Margin, Return on Assets (ROA), and Return on Equity (ROE), along with liquidity ratios including Current Ratio, Quick Ratio, and Net Working Capital Ratio, were used as indicators. The results show a significant increase in profitability ratios, indicating improved operational efficiency and asset utilization. Meanwhile, the liquidity ratios also improved but remained below the optimal level, suggesting that the company still faces challenges in meeting its short-term obligations. In conclusion, PT. Matahari has demonstrated enhanced profitability but needs to strengthen its liquidity position to ensure financial stability.

The Indonesian retail industry has experienced significant changes during the 2020-2023 period, starting with the Covid-19 pandemic in early 2020. Although it is gradually showing signs of recovery, the companies have felt a huge impact, such as many stores closing, increasing operational costs, and decreasing consumer spending, which are challenges for retail business actors to maintain their business continuity. This study aims to determine the factors that can be predictors of the financial distress of retail industry companies in Indonesia. The sample in this study was retail industry companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2019-2023 period and had complete financial reports, resulting in 10 companies. Data analysis uses the logistic regression method. The results of the study show that the debt-to-equity ratio (DER) and return on asset (ROA) have a significant effect, while the current ratio (CR), total asset turnover (TATO), and operational cash flow margin (OCF margin) do not have a significant effect on financial distress. Thus, retail industry companies can utilize debt as a financing strategy to accelerate growth and need to focus on efficient asset utilization so that they can increase revenue and profit margins in order to achieve better financial performance and reduce the risk of financial distress.

The Simalungun culture, a vital part of the Batak ethnic identity in North Sumatra, is increasingly at risk of marginalization due to the accelerating influence of globalization and national standardization in education. Despite policy allowances for local content (muatan lokal), the incorporation of Simalungun cultural elements into formal schooling remains inconsistent and largely superficial. This study aims to investigate how educational institutions can serve as effective agents of cultural socialization to preserve and transmit Simalungun cultural identity among youth. Employing a qualitative interpretive approach, the research integrates ethnographic observation, in-depth interviews, and discourse analysis of curriculum documents across five Simalungun-majority schools. Data were analyzed using NVivo and interpreted through the lenses of Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory and Bourdieu’s concept of cultural capital. The findings reveal major structural and pedagogical barriers: most teachers lack training in Simalungun traditions, curriculum content is minimal, and student cultural awareness is declining. However, the study also identifies effective practices in schools that involve community elders and use experiential methods, demonstrating improved student engagement and cultural retention. A Cultural Transmission Score (CTS) of 0.46 confirms the limited efficacy of current efforts. The study concludes that formal education systems must move beyond ceremonial inclusion to structural integration of local culture, supported by teacher development and community-school collaboration. These insights offer a scalable framework for strengthening indigenous cultural education in minority contexts.

The purpose of this research is to examine the influence of . Return on assets, Return on equity, Net profit margin on Price to book value at PT Timah, Tbk for period 2013-2023. The research employs ratio secondary data derived from the company’s annual financial statement, accessed through the official website (www.timah.ubb.ac.id.). To analyze the data, the study applies a series of statistical methods, including classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression analysis, and hypothesis testing, all conducted using SPSS version 23. The results of this study indicate that Return on Assets has a significant partial effect on Price to Book Value, while Return on Equity does not have a significant partial effect on PBV. Meanwhile, Net Profit Margin has a significant partial effect on PBV. Furthermore, ROA, ROE, and NPM have a significant simultaneous effect on PBV at PT Timah Tbk.  

The reform of criminal law in Indonesia through Law No. 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code (KUHP) marks an important paradigm shift in the criminal justice system, especially related to the protection of victims of crimes. So far, the orientation of the Criminal Code of colonial heritage has emphasized more on the perpetrators of crimes, while victims are often positioned passively and marginalized. This article aims to critically examine the extent to which Law No. 1 of 2023 strengthens the rights of victims, both in material and procedural aspects. With a normative juridical approach and an analysis of the new norms in the National Criminal Code, this article finds that a number of provisions, such as the victim's right to restitution, participation in judicial proceedings, and identity protection, reflect a greater recognition of the interests of the victim. However, in practice, there are still implementation challenges, including limitations in the mechanism for the implementation of these rights, as well as potential inequalities in access to justice. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen derivative regulations, socialization, and synergy between law enforcement agencies to ensure that victim protection runs effectively and fairly.

Empty oil palm bunches processed by palm oil mills in Indonesia are still abundant, reaching 56.35 million tons per year. Empty oil palm bunches contain around 40% cellulose, so they can still be used for various derivative products, one of which is composite products. The use of empty oil palm bunches as raw materials for Bioplastic production is a series of ongoing research, one of which is starch-cellulose blend, but until now it has not been successfully commercialized. The design of the starch cellulose blend bioplastic industry using palm oil as raw material produces two factories, namely a cellulose factory and a composite bioplastic factory. Both factories are designed in separate buildings. The separation of cellulose from TKKS uses a chemical method with soda, after mechanical treatment of size reduction. The industry is designed in 3 scales of production capacity, namely a large scale of 190,000 tons / year, medium 115.00 tons / year, and small 40,000 tons.year. The financial analysis of the three scales of production capacity as a whole is declared feasible. Profit margin is calculated at a minimum of 17.6%. The average payback period is between 3-5 years with an IRR of 24-49%. Analysis of the economic value produces an EScale index of 0.64 which indicates that the economic scale has been achieved. The economic scale of the starch cellulose blend bioplastic industry from TKKS is at a production capacity of 40,000 tons per year with a minimum supply of TKKS raw materials of 20,203 tons/year. At the smallest economic scale, the BEP is actually only 6627.4 tons/year, where this condition can be achieved because the industry has relatively small fixed costs.

The study was conducted as an analysis of the impact of liquidity risk, credit risk, operational risk, asset growth, and net interest margin on financial performance. This study consists of five independent variables consisting of liquidity risk with a proxy for the Loan to Deposit Ratio, credit risk proxied by NonPerforming Loan, operational risk proxied by Operating Expenses to Operating Income, Asset Growth proxied by the Asset Growth Ratio, Net Interest Margin as a measure of net interest margin, and financial performance measured by Return on Assets. There are 39 banks with a total of 117 observation data samples in the study. With the object of research conventional banks that report their annual reports on the IDX in 2021-2023. Based on the results of the study, liquidity risk and asset growth do not affect financial performance. Credit risk and operational risk have a negative effect on financial performance. Also, the net interest margin has a positive effect on financial performance.

This study aims to analyze and compare the financial performance of PT Asuransi Dayin Mitra Tbk and PT Asuransi Jasa Tania Tbk in 2023 using the DuPont analysis method. The data used in this study are the financial statements of both companies for the year ended December 31, 2023. The analysis was conducted by calculating the net profit margin (NPM), total asset turnover (TATO), financial leverage (EM), and return on equity (ROE) of each company. The results indicate that PT Asuransi Dayin Mitra Tbk achieved better financial performance with an ROE of 5.66%, while the ROE of PT Asuransi Jasa Tania Tbk was only 1.24%. PT Asuransi Dayin Mitra Tbk outperformed in TATO and EM, whereas PT Asuransi Jasa Tania Tbk demonstrated a higher NPM. These findings provide practical implications for insurance company management and investors in decision-making processes. However, this study has limitations in terms of sample size, time period, and its focus on financial factors. Further research is needed to explore non-financial factors influencing the performance of insurance companies.

The purpose of this research is to examine how production costs factor into producer choices, particularly those pertaining to output volume, selling price estimation, and company growth strategies.  The research examined micro and small business players in Kediri Regency, East Java, employing a descriptive quantitative technique.  The findings demonstrate that the production cost structure, particularly the preponderance of variable costs, considerably affects the quantity of output and the margin for price adjustment.  It has additionally been demonstrated that saving money encourages manufacturers to take risks and grow their companies.  Moreover, management accounting-based cost tracking, waste reduction, and sourcing local raw materials are all cost management tactics that impact a company's strength and ability to compete.  Producers' long-term strategic decision-making is therefore influenced by effective production cost management, which in turn affects operational sustainability.

The purpose of the study is to determine the position of financial ratios in forming profit growth in chemical sub-sector companies during 2019-2023 listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This research approach uses secondary data types in the form of financial and annual reports. The findings of the partial research results Current Ratio and Total Assets Turnover does not affect profit growth, on the other hand the Debt To Equity Ratio and Net Profit Margin successfully influenced profit growth positively.  

Structural poverty is a complex phenomenon that occurs due to systemic inequality in economic, social and political structures, which traps marginalized groups in a cycle of poverty that is difficult to break. This research aims to analyze the impact of structural poverty on waste pickers in the Bintara Jaya slum, West Bekasi, focusing on internal and external factors that reinforce the cycle of poverty. The research method uses a descriptive qualitative approach through in-depth interviews with five waste picker informants. The results show that structural poverty in the waste picker community is influenced by limited access to education, informal work with unstable income, inadequate living conditions, and the lack of government policy intervention. Internal factors such as low levels of education and skills, as well as external factors such as social stigma and non-inclusive policies, exacerbate the condition. Despite facing severe challenges, the waste picker community still has hope to escape poverty, especially through their children's education. This research recommends the need for more holistic and inclusive policies to break the cycle of structural poverty, including improved access to education, skills training, and social protection for marginalized communities.