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Human resource management supports companies to gain competitive advantage through business strategy. The aim of this research is to provide an overview of the role of human resource management (HRM) in establishing competitive advantage in companies and to find out which employee recruitment and training are best used to increase competitive advantage. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with literature review data collection techniques. Based on the results of the review, it is known that competitive advantage is achieved through the company's internal environment, namely human resources. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the company's internal environment through employee recruitment as well as employee training and development.

This research aims to investigate how the values ​​of the motto "Satu Tungku Tiga Batu" are understood and internalized through Islamic Education learning at Fakfak State Polytechnic. In this context, Islamic Education plays a significant role in shaping individuals' character and morality. The motto, which carries the meaning of unity, cooperation, and mutual support, has not been fully interpreted in the context of Islamic learning at Fakfak State Polytechnic. A case study method is used to examine how this motto is applied in the Islamic Education curriculum. Data were collected through participatory observation, interviews with lecturers and students, and content analysis of lecture materials. The results of this research highlight the importance of the role of Islamic education in shaping understanding and acceptance of moral values ​​among students. The implications of these findings include suggestions for curriculum development and strategies to enhance the integration of Islamic values ​​in an academic context. This research contributes to understanding how Islamic education can strengthen ethical principles and reinforce communal bonds within the educational environment.

Business ethics play an important role in creating and maintaining a healthy work culture in a company. PT Link Net Tbk is a company that operates based on the principles of business ethics. This research discusses how the application of business ethics principles can influence a company's internal dynamics. The Research was conducted through direct observation. Research shows that business ethics have become the basis for internal policies, decision-making, and management-employee relations. Researchers took two divisions as samples for comparison, namely the construction division and the marketing division. There are differences between the two divisions in maintaining the work environment. Considering that the marketing division has tighter competition between sales some business ethics are not paid attention to, which causes frequent conflicts in the work environment. The results of this research indicate that ethical business practices are critical to maintaining a fair, inclusive, and productive work environment, which will ultimately support the company's long-term success.

Sinar Niaga Sejahtera is a company engaged in the distribution of food and beverages specifically from Garudafood products. Founded by Mr. Sudhamek as the owner of SNS in 1994, SNS's role is very decisive for the development of Garudafood. Because of its role, various kinds of Garudafood products can be obtained by consumers in remote areas throughout Indonesia. SNS already has a number of depots serving hundreds of thousands of customer outlets throughout Indonesia. The aim of this research is to determine the marketing strategy implemented based on the internal and external environment in increasing the sales volume of Garuda Brand products at PT. Sinar Niaga Sejahtera. The types of data used are quantitative data and qualitative data. Quantitative data is calculated data or data in the form of numbers based on the results of questionnaires from respondents which include opportunities, threats, strengths and weaknesses of Garuda Brand products at PT Sinar Niaga Sejahtera. Based on the results of the analysis, it can be concluded that judging from the internal and external factor indicators, the position of the company PT. Sinar Niaga Sejahtera is based on Growth Strategy, namely a strategy aimed at stabilizing the company or a strategy implemented without changing the direction of the marketing strategy. The strategies that can be used are: Market diversification strategy, namely a strategy that uses its strengths to take advantage of long-term opportunities. The suggestions given are that the company should also try to improve its strengths to reduce the weaknesses it has so far so that the company's position can be raised and able to compete competitively. And by anticipating weaknesses so that they do not become threats, companies should be careful with the current situation, by understanding the market more seriously to try to rise through exploiting existing opportunities and minimizing the threats they face through new breakthroughs to find and enter market opportunities. existing ones, for example by marketing new products that are more acceptable to consumers in accordance with current consumer buying interests.

The findings and analysis of the research are, 1) The Principal's Performance in Fostering Teacher Professionalism at UPT SD Negeri 141 Gresik includes: peer tutor assistance, training and workshops, mentoring and collaboration, observation and feedback, curriculum development, research and innovation, use of technology, discussion and reflection, qualification improvement, and career plan development; 2) Forms of teacher professionalism include: continuous development, commitment to students, reflection and renewal, professional ethics, collaboration, involvement in decision-making, use of technology, effective classroom management, monitoring and evaluation of students, communication with parents, development of learning materials, career development, and involvement in school activities; 3) Supporting factors include: school management support, resources, school culture, effective communication, professional development programs, constructive performance appraisal, rewards and recognition, understanding of teachers' needs; and inhibiting factors include: limited resources, resistance to change, unclear vision and goals, internal conflicts, time pressure, curriculum incompatibility, high administrative demands, uncertainty of the school environment. In general, school principals must provide professional services in the field of education in order to organize the educational process effectively and efficiently.    

This research aims to first determine and analyze the Lake Toba Tourism development strategy by the Lake Toba Authority Implementing Body. Second, to find out the results of the SWOT analysis of employee performance improvement strategies using the IFAS and EFAS matrices, important factors can be identified from both the external environment and the internal environment which are strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats for improving performance. The research method used in this research is descriptive qualitative, the author also uses SWOT analysis. SWOT analysis is the systematic identification of various factors to formulate company strategy. From the results of the analysis, a growth strategy or growth oriented strategy is obtained. This strategy indicates that the company is strong and able to continue to develop by taking advantage of existing opportunities. This strategy was chosen because the calculation results were in quadrant I where the total weighted score of strengths-weaknesses was 3.36 while the total weighted score of opportunities-threats was 3.314. Positions in this quadrant are very profitable and can be implemented optimally.

This study aims to determine the effect of organizational capital on the firm life cycle. The sample used is a manufacturing company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2009-2017 period, with a total of 580 observations of data from 116 companies and using a purposive sampling method. This study uses the independent variable organization capital which is proxied by OC/TA and the dependent variable company life cycle which is proxied by the dummy life cycle classification based on cash flow, retained earnings to total assets, and retained earnings to total equity. In addition, the control variables used are company size, market-to-book ratio, leverage, return on equity, company sales growth, capital expenditure, and asset turnover ratio. The analysis technique used is multinomial logistic regression. The results showed that organizational capital has a significant effect on the firm life cycle, where companies with high organizational capital are in the introduction and decline stages, while companies with low organizational capital are in the growth and maturity stages. Development requires quality human resources (HR). This human resource can act as a factor of labor production that can master technology so as to increase economic productivity. To achieve quality human resources requires the formation of human capital (human capital). The formation of this human capital is a way to obtain a number of people who have strong characters who can be used as important capital in development. This character can be in the form of level of expertise and level of community education. The concept of human capital investment that supports economic growth has existed since the days of Adam Smith (1776), Heinrich Von Thunen (1875) and other classical theorists before the 19th century who emphasized the importance of investment. human skills. Schultz (1961) and Deninson (1962) then showed that the development of the education sector with human resources as its core focus has contributed directly to a country's economic growth, through increasing the skills and productive capabilities of the workforce.  These findings and perspectives have stimulated the interest of a number of experts to research the economic value of education (Nurulpaik, 2005). Human capital is a stock of productive abilities and knowledge found in society. Alfred Marshal once said "the most valuable of all capital is that invested in human beings" (Becker, 1975). In this case human capital is a long-term investment in the development of human resources to increase productivity. The importance of human capital is that the knowledge that exists in human resources is the driving base in increasing productivity. Human capital can be distinguished from human resources management, but can also synergize. Human capital views humans more as intangible assets and human resources management views humans as costs or costs that are detrimental to the company. The concept of human capital emerged, due to a shift in the role of human resources. Human capital arises from the idea that humans are assets that have many advantages, namely human capabilities when used and disseminated will not decrease but increase both for the individual concerned and for the organization, humans are able to transform data into meaningful information. The concept of innovation has been continuously developed by a number of experts and institutions in the last 50 years. This is based on Resource Based Theory (Barney, 1991). In the perspective of Resource Based View (RBV), internal resources and the internal environment are the main keys for determining strategies to achieve high performance (Hitt et al., 2011). Resource Based Theory (RBT) focuses on the concept of attributes of excellence that are difficult to imitate as a source of superior performance and competitive advantage (Barney, 1991). Resources based theory is the company's resources as the main driver behind the company's performance and competitiveness. Based on this resources based theory, an organization can be assessed as a collection of physical resources, human resources, and organizational resources (Barney, 1991). Barney (1991) categorizes three types of resources: Physical capital resources (technology, plant and equipment) Human capital capital (training, experience, and insight), and Organizational resource capital (formal structure)

A control environment is crucial to preventing businesses at the Makassar Tax Office from committing fraud. Due to its collection of state funds and access to private taxpayer data, including financial and personal identification, it is susceptible to fraud. This study assesses the various elements of the control environment at the Makassar Intermediate Tax Service Office using the COSO Internal Control Framework, 2021 edition. A case study and a qualitative descriptive method are both used in this research. There are 85 workers in this tax office. Semi-structured interviews with twenty informants from different departments were used to gather primary data. Literature reviews, reports, regulations, and internet sources were used to gather secondary data. The use of theme analysis is one of the novel ideas in this study. 37 themes were the outcome, and these served as measurements to assess if the environmental control components were appropriate. The Makassar Intermediate Tax Service Office possesses 28 out of 37 measures, as indicated by the research findings. The findings show that working hours violations are a component of "The organisation demonstrates commitment to integrity and ethical values." The Indonesian Financial Audit Agency's research indicates that for components to function independently, an internal compliance unit is necessary.      

Students' lack of self-confidence makes it difficult for them to convey ideas, so they need to practice self-confidence, one of which is with Khitobah activities. The purpose of this study was to find out: (1) Implementation of the Khitobah Activity Program for Class X Students at SMK Andalusia 1 Wonosobo Academic Year 2022/2023. (2) the supporting and inhibiting factors for the implementation of the Khitobah activity program. (3) how is the evaluation of the implementation of the Khitobah activity for Class X Students at SMK Andalusia 1 Wonosobo. This type of qualitative descriptive research with data collection techniques through observation, interviews and documentation. The subjects of this study were students and teachers at SMK Andalusia I Wonosobo. The results of this study were; (1) The implementation of Khitobah for class X students at SMK Andalusia was planned and included scheduling, mentoring of Khitobah, Practice of Khitobah, and Evaluation of Khitobah. (2) Supporting factors and inhibiting factors in the implementation of khitobah. The supporting factors are as follows: (a) Internal factors: from within the students themselves because basically students have different motivations in participating in khitobah activities. (b) External Factors, including: Education, Training, Work, Environment, Habituation. (3) Evaluation of the implementation of khitobah begins with the teacher designing an assessment, which includes making schedules, khitobah materials, monitoring the implementation, evaluating the implementation and evaluating khitobah practices.

The outbreak of Covid-19 in 2020 has brought downturn to the global economy and many companies went bankrupt during the epidemic. However, according to Unilever's financial report for the first half year, its sales fell only by 1.6% and its financial situation is still stable. The reason for it is not only for Unilever's action of taking Covid-19 as normalization, but also for its differentiation strategies, which make Unilever a competitive enterprise when the consumer products are in demand in Covid-19. Through the literature research method, this article uses the combination of SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats) and PEST (political, economic, social and technological factors) models to explore the internal and external environments of Unilever in 2020, and concludes that under the multiple impacts of the external environment, Unilever still has great opportunities to make development relying on its own excellent internal conditions.

The Power of the State Apparatus As a government institution in the perspective of moving the State Capital becomes part of the practice of social reproduction. Various considerations wrapped in political consensus are a challenge for bureaucrats. It is suspected that his involvement in carrying out his duties and responsibilities simultaneously has an impact on the domino effect that arises as a response to transcendental transformation. The grand factor driving the transfer of IKN is such as population agglomeration on the island of Java, which has an impact on economic stagnation which is increasingly apprehensive. In other words, the underdevelopment experienced by regions outside Java will soon be resolved. The symptom of duality in the structuring of agent behavior becomes so essential considering that the agent, namely the bureaucrat, is the key person as well as a vessel for social reproduction. Thus, it is hoped that Giddens' conception in the corridor of internal bureaucratic structuring in the search for resources as a nation accelerator can be realized properly. This is in line with the transformation of community development which requires institutional elements to accommodate all levels of stakeholders. Giddens' concept emphasizes how patterns of power relations, systems and structures unite in building the evolution of a theologically patterned society. The duality approach between the possessors of power and their powers will influence each other on an ongoing basis. More than that, the connection between political phenomena in creating opportunities will be very radical when an actor expects to optimize the capacity of his actions to influence other elements. Various speculations from minority groups to the voice of environmental elements over the transfer of the national capital are purely based on an oligarchic profit-sharing project. This skeptical assumption overshadows the fact that the development transformation synergy is fraught with risks for the possibilities that will occur. Especially regarding investment-motivated funding for the state capital project, it will confront the role of bureaucrats in a metaphorical setting in the growth of national economic capacity. It is claimed that the megaproject will participate in mobilizing supporting resources that cannot be separated from the comparison of science and technology development.

Lack of awareness of students and peers in the value of civility at the MTS Modern Babussalam Islamic Boarding School. The method used in this research is qualitative research, collecting data by observation, interviews and documentation. The collected data was then analyzed by qualitative analysis. The results obtained from this study are: First, the role of the Babussalam Modern Islamic Boarding School Student Organization (OPPM-Bs) in Growing the Disciplinary Values ​​of Santri at Babussalam Modern Islamic Boarding School MTs as an organizational vessel, the Role of Babussalam Modern Islamic Boarding School Student Organization (OPPM- BS) in Cultivating Santri Discipline Values ​​at Babussalam Modern Islamic Boarding School MTs as a motivator, Role of Babussalam Modern Islamic Boarding School Student Organizations (OPPM-BS) in Growing Santri Discipline Values ​​at Babussalam Modern Islamic Boarding School MTs as student coaches. Second, Factors supporting the role of Modern Babussalam Islamic Boarding School Student Organizations (OPPM-Bs) in Growing Santri Discipline Values ​​at Babussalam Modern Islamic Boarding School MTs, including: Internal Factors (Family) and Environmental Factors    

The research on internal environmental analysis was conducted at PT. Perkebunan Nusantara III (Persero), a public company that focuses on plantation business in Medan, Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to analyze the internal environment in achieving goals and developing company strategies. This research employed a qualitative approach. The conclusion of this study is that the company has not been able to manage its strengths to achieve its goals, but has been successful in managing its human resources, resulting in increased business revenue.

The presence of workers in the company is dominated by executives. They often have conflicting interests for the company's activities. In order to help workers' positions remain relevant and recognized, workers need a Labor Union. In an industrial environment, it is normal for disputes to occur and the role of trade unions is needed to mediate the interests of both. Therefore, the expected goals are to explain the role of trade unions to address industrial relations disputes and the efforts that they attempt. This study determines literature review as the method by accumulating journals and collecting eight articles that meet the criteria. After having reference materials, the researcher will analyze the data based on a collection of these studies which the researcher will generalize into a literature review paper. The results of this research are that trade unions act as assistants, bodyguards, representatives, supervisors, and mediators and prioritize the settlement of disputes internally and amicably. Efforts made by trade unions include carrying out bipartite and tripartite negotiations consisting of mediation, arbitration and conciliation, as well as the industrial relations court, submitting a letter of application for Judicial Review to the Constitutional Court, and honing the skills of trade union members.

Business continuity, which is closely related to the long-term maintenance of the system in accordance with environmental, economic and social considerations, is an important point that needs to be considered by every MSME actor. The store business is one of the new MSMEs that is of concern so that it continues to carry out business continuity by being carried out based on currently related internal and external factors. Toreko created a unique business idea from brownies, innovating brownies into brownies cookies and using raw materials from mocaf flour. mocaf itself is a modified cassava flour product. The purpose of this article is to describe and analyze the sustainability position of the toreko business through a SWOT analysis, formulate alternative strategies that can be implemented by the toreko after knowing the position of the sustainability position of the business it has. The aggressive strategy is the main choice strategy obtained from the results of IFAS and EFAS. The SWOT matrix is used to determine and arrange the steps for implementing the strategy related to the choice of strategy. An aggressive strategy is carried out until the threat that the store has is smaller than the opportunities that exist. Improving sales promotions and maintaining satisfaction with customer loyalty is the key to realizing business continuity properly.

Business development in the world has entered the era of free competition not only in a small scope but a large scope, this creates fierce competition between companies. Efforts made by a company to win a market by providing advantages in competition, analyzing competing companies, and implementing effective marketing strategies. This study uses Literature Review research with the results of research that management strategies are oriented towards developing macro strategies such as product strategy development, pricing implementation strategies, acquisition strategies, market development strategies, financial and other strategies. The steps of strategy management include: internal and external environment scanning (Internal &; External Scanning), Strategy Formulation, Implementation, Function Control and Evaluation.

Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) have a vital contribution to Indonesian economy. It is characterized by a large number which can accommodate a large number of workers. However, many MSMEs face many internal and external challenges in improvising their business. The purpose of this study is identifying challenges faced by MSMEs in terms of external aspects which include technological turbulence and market turbulence as well as internal aspects which include fear of failure, anxiety, disappointment, distress, and tension; and Qualitative methods with interview techniques are used to explore information from the experience of SMEs as resource persons who have been selected with certain criteria. The research’s findings show that the external barriers arise from limited knowledge and resources while the internal barriers of entrepreneurs arise from the personal lives and demands of business consumers. The research’s contribution is to provide facts for MSMEs to be used as a basis for evaluating business performance so that they can prepare corrective steps in improvising. In addition, the measuring instrument used as an interview protocol can be used as a reference for further study in similar topics.

Performance management in question is with the aim of increasing the strategic focus and effectiveness of the company in ensuring continuous improvement of individual and team performance. The most popular approach is to use the BSC (Balanced Scorecard). Cafe Red&Blue wants to grow and maintain its business. Therefore, in this study we want to design an instrument for measuring performance at Red&Blue cafes using the BSC. The initial stage in designing the instrument is to conduct internal and external analysis to determine the position of the business in the industry and the strategy that must be used. The SWOT approach is used in the analysis of the internal and external environment. From the SWOT analysis, it can be seen that the Red&Blue cafe is in quadrant I position. The strategy that must be applied is an offensive and defensive strategy as a complement. This strategy requires Red&Blue to improve its marketing strategy in order to bring even greater opportunities to the business. The next stage is through the formulation of strategic objectives, the objectives of which are designed; increase profits, increase customer loyalty, improve relationships with new customers, develop quality products with innovation, develop good and quality services, improve employee job satisfaction, increase employee skills, and knowledge employee knowledge. The eight strategic objectives are translated into 2 key financial performance indicator (KPI) perspectives, 3 internal business process KPIs, 4 customer KPI perspectives, and 5 KPI growth and learning perspectives, with targets for each KPI set based on discussions with Red&Blue cafe owners.

. Implementation of adjustments in the payment system from postpaid to prepaid for PT. PLN ULP Rantepao with the objective of reducing bad debts, but the accounts receivable report demonstrates an increase in bad debts over the last 3 years. The goal of this research is to examine the internal control system for bad debts in accordance with COSO. The descriptive qualitative method was used in this research. Using a random sampling technique, interviews, documentation, and observation were conducted. The sample used in this research is saturated. The significance of this research stems from the fact that bad debts have a significant impact on the company's financial health performance. (1) Changes to the prepayment system have no effect on the reduction in bad debts, according to the research results. (2) The internal control system at PT. PLN ULP Rantepao has not been properly implemented in terms of the 5 COSO components. Instances in which the risk assessment, control environment, and monitoring activities have been implemented, but only a few of each COSO component's items have been implemented. In the meantime, neither control activities nor information and communication have been properly implemented. (3) Control activity is relatively more influential in fostering the emergence of bad debts due to the low paying power and awareness of customers in meeting their obligations. This research will be more interesting if it is continued by investigating the failure factors of changing the prepaid payment system in an effort to reduce bad debts using a variety of research methods.

Analysis of E-Learning Information Systems is certainly one of the efforts that can be made to overcome problems that arise in the process of implementing teaching and learning activities (KBM) in each school. Soft System Methodology (SSM) analysis is a method used to help model unstructured problems. The SSM methodology is suitable for assisting an organization in defining their goals and then building a human activity system to achieve those goals. The relationship between the internal and external academic community involves teachers, parents of students, students and school administrators to develop information for supervision and student Development approaches. E-Learning analysis using the Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) approach is expected that the E-Learning information system will be able to answer existing challenges and problems. This study carried out a CATWOE analysis of the holons and elements (Client, Actor, Transformation, World View, Owner, Environment) found in case studies, building E-Learning models by applying the roles of humans, processes and technology as knowledge-forming elements, then analysis. holons based on the modeling of the resulting Knowledge. The analysis of E-Learning needs is answered by the need between the internal staff of teachers, employees, counseling and external students and parents to improve the quality of teaching and learning activities and student development.