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This study aims to examine and analyze the effects of product quality and distribution channel on repurchase intention, with customer satisfaction and customer trust serving as mediating variables. The research employed a quantitative method with a causal-explanatory approach. The study population consisted of customers at the Weber building materials manufacturing company in East Java, with a sample of 275 respondents selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected via questionnaires and assessed using a Likert scale. The data analysis was conducted using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) technique with Partial Least Squares (PLS) software. The findings of the study reveal the following: 1) Product quality has a significant positive effect on customer satisfaction; 2) Product quality has a significant positive effect on customer trust; 3) Product quality has a significant positive effect on repurchase intention; 4) Distribution channel has a significant positive effect on customer satisfaction; 5) Distribution channel has a significant positive effect on customer trust; 6) Distribution channel has a significant positive effect on repurchase intention; 7) Customer satisfaction has a significant positive effect on customer trust; 8) Customer satisfaction has a significant positive effect on repurchase intention; 9) Customer trust has a significant positive effect on repurchase intention.

This study aims to classify customer payment methods at 17 Coffee & Eatery using machine learning algorithms, namely Naïve Bayes and Support Vector Machine (SVM). The increasing use of digital and non-cash payments has generated large volumes of transaction data that are rarely analyzed optimally, even though such data contain valuable information for business decision making. This research used secondary transaction data collected from January to March 2025, consisting of 10,147 transaction records. The dataset included several attributes such as order time, payment time, transaction type, total sales, number of items, and payment method. Data preprocessing was performed through data cleaning, feature engineering, normalization, and label encoding before being divided into training and testing sets with an 80:20 ratio. The Naïve Bayes and SVM models were then trained and evaluated using accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and ROC–AUC metrics. The results show that both algorithms were able to classify payment methods effectively, but SVM achieved higher accuracy and more stable performance than Naïve Bayes. These findings indicate that SVM is more suitable for handling complex and heterogeneous transaction patterns. The implementation of machine learning for transaction classification can support more efficient financial management and data-driven decision making for small and medium enterprises in the culinary sector.

This study aims to analyze the effect of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) performance on financial misreporting, with investor attention as a moderating variable in banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the 2019–2022 period. The theoretical framework is grounded in Agency Theory and Legitimacy Theory to explain the role of ESG as an internal control mechanism and a means of gaining external legitimacy. The research employs a quantitative approach using secondary data from annual reports and sustainability reports. Financial misreporting is proxied by earnings management measured through discretionary accruals, while ESG performance is assessed using the GRI Standards index, and investor attention is proxied by institutional ownership. Data analysis was conducted using multiple regression and Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). The findings reveal that all three ESG dimensions (environmental, social, and governance) have a significant negative effect on earnings management. Institutional investor attention is found to strengthen the negative relationship between environmental and social aspects with earnings management, but weaken the influence of governance. These results indicate that institutional investors tend to be more responsive to environmental and social issues compared to governance aspects. Practically, this study provides empirical evidence that ESG implementation can serve as a control instrument against financial misreporting in the banking sector, while theoretically enriching the literature on investor moderation in the relationship between ESG and earnings management practices.

The COVID-19 pandemic significantly affected the financial performance of PT Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero), as reflected in the shift from profit in 2020 to a substantial pre-tax loss in 2021. This change had direct implications for the company’s tax components, particularly current tax and deferred tax, in accordance with PSAK 46 on Income Taxes. This study aims to analyze the changes in current tax and deferred tax between the two reporting periods and to examine the role of deferred tax benefits in reducing the company’s net loss. The research employs a quantitative descriptive approach with a comparative analysis method using secondary data from the company’s interim consolidated financial statements. The findings indicate that in 2021 the company recognized a deferred tax benefit that converted total income tax into a net tax benefit, thereby reducing the company’s net loss by approximately 15.8 percent. These results demonstrate that deferred tax does not merely arise from temporary differences but can function as an instrument of loss mitigation during periods of financial distress. The implications of this study highlight the importance of accurate application of PSAK 46, especially in times of economic downturn, and emphasize the need for realistic assessments of future taxable profits to ensure the reliability of deferred tax asset recognition.

This study explores how nascent entrepreneurs in Indonesia can improve their business innovation performance by utilizing volunteerism and digital competencies, particularly in the context of financial and technological limitations. These challenges significantly hinder their capacity for effective innovation, especially in resource-limited settings where access to tools and expertise is often scarce. A quantitative approach was employed, using data from 156 nascent entrepreneurs, which was analyzed through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results indicate that the voluntary exchange of ideas and competences, framed through the Service-Dominant Logic (S-DL) perspective, plays a critical role in overcoming resource constraints and enhancing innovation outcomes. By facilitating collaboration and knowledge-sharing via volunteerism, nascent entrepreneurs can strengthen their digital and managerial capabilities, which are essential for driving innovation. The study highlights the importance of creating ecosystems that support stakeholder-driven volunteer initiatives, which help develop strategic digital competencies among emerging entrepreneurs, thereby fostering greater innovation capacity and ensuring long-term business sustainability.

Budget efficiency is an important issue in state financial management because it is directly related to government spending priorities and their impact on public service programs. Discussions about budget efficiency policies are widespread on social media platform X, generating diverse public responses, thus necessitating an automated approach to understand public opinion trends more quickly and objectively. This research aims to analyze the sentiment of Indonesian people toward budget efficiency policies and compare the performance of the Naïve Bayes and Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithms in classifying sentiment. The research data used 10,909 Indonesian-language tweets sourced from a public dataset, which were then processed thru the preprocessing stages including cleaning, case folding, normalization, tokenization, stopword removal, and stemming. Sentiment labeling is performed automatically using the Indonesian Sentiment Lexicon (InSet) approach to categorize data into positive, negative, and neutral sentiments. Feature extraction was performed using Term Frequency–Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF), and then the data was divided into training and testing sets with an 80:20 ratio. Model performance evaluation was conducted using a confusion matrix and the metrics of accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. The research results show that sentiment distribution is dominated by negative sentiment at 56.78%, followed by positive sentiment at 37.40%, and neutral sentiment at 5.83%. In the classification stage, SVM performed best with an accuracy of 86%, while Naïve Bayes achieved an accuracy of 74%. These findings indicate that SVM is more optimal for sentiment classification on social media text data and can be utilized to more effectively support the analysis of public response to budget efficiency policies.

Parental involvement is widely acknowledged as a key factor in student academic success, particularly in second language acquisition. However, its impact at the university level, especially among pre-service English teachers, remains underexplored. This study investigates the relationship between parental involvement and English language achievement among first-year English Education students at Universitas Islam Kalimantan Muhammad Arsyad Al Banjari Banjarmasin (UNISKA). Employing a quantitative survey design, data were collected from 36 purposively selected participants using a structured Likert-scale questionnaire. The instrument measured both the forms and frequency of parental involvement and students’ self-reported performance in English-related subjects. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson Product-Moment Correlation via SPSS 26. Findings indicate that students generally perceive moderate to high levels of parental involvement, especially in providing academic resources, financial support, and attending university-related events. However, involvement in educational decision-making and career discussions was notably low. A significant positive correlation was found between parental involvement and students' academic performance, particularly in aspects such as discipline, assignment completion, and encouragement. Emotional impacts such as increased motivation or reduced anxiety showed more mixed responses. These findings highlight the enduring influence of parental support in higher education and suggest further exploration of its emotional dimensions.

This study examines the factors that cause fraud in financial reporting. The study analyzed 195 data points from 39 financial institutions listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the period 2019 to 2023 using a purposive sampling technique. The research applied multiple linear regression analysis to analyze the impact of governance independence and performance variables on the likelihood of fraudulent financial reporting. The independent variables include financial targets assessed by profitability (return on assets [ROA]), financial stability measured by changes in assets, external pressure measured by the debt-to-equity ratio (DER), and the proportion of independent commissioners as a measure of good corporate governance. The study proves that financial targets affect fraudulent financial reporting, while financial stability, external pressure, and independent commissioners do not influence fraudulent financial reporting. The findings of this study provide valuable insights for regulators, investors, and management to enhance oversight and reduce the risk of fraud in the banking sector.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of financial reporting and evaluate the economic performance of Koperasi Simpan Pinjam dan Pembiayaan Syariah (KSPPS) Nur Insani during the period from 2022 to 2023. A descriptive qualitative method was employed, utilizing secondary data from the Statement of Financial Position, Cash Flow Statement, and Operating Results Report published by the cooperative. The findings indicate that KSPPS Nur Insani has implemented a computerized financial recording system, which enhances accuracy, transparency, and operational efficiency. However, the cooperative experienced significant financial pressure in 2023, as indicated by decreases in cash and cash equivalents, total assets, and temporary syirkah funds, both short-term and long-term. These declines reflect weakened liquidity and reduced fundraising capacity from members. Despite these challenges, the cooperative succeeded in increasing its Net Operating Results (SHU), demonstrating effective revenue management and operational cost control. Overall, the profitability of KSPPS Nur Insani remains positive, yet strategic improvements are necessary, particularly in strengthening liquidity management, increasing funding sources, optimizing asset utilization, and enhancing digital system implementation to support better financial governance. These strategic efforts are expected to improve business sustainability and maintain member trust in the future.

This study aims to analyze the application of accounting according to PSAK 65 concerning consolidated financial statements to assess the company's financial performance at PT Warung Begok Indonesia. The object of this study is a company in the field of processed livestock manufacturing for the period 2023-2024. The data in this study are primary data sourced from the annual financial reports of the head office and branches. The total sample in this study was 3 company financial reports. Data collection techniques used interviews and documentation. The hypothesis in this study was tested using descriptive analysis techniques. Based on the data analysis carried out in this study, it shows that the financial statements before and after consolidation have an effect on the assessment of the company's financial performance. This study contributes to increasing knowledge and understanding of the head office and branch consolidated reports according to PSAK 65, and can assess the company's financial performance. Although the consolidated report has been carried out, it is hoped that the company will continue to apply controls and policies in its implementation, because this can affect the assessment of the company's financial performance so that it will be useful in decision making.

This study investigates the impact of board characteristics on the financial performance of non-financial companies listed in the JII70 index in Indonesia. Motivated by the ongoing debate on the effectiveness of corporate governance mechanisms in enhancing firm outcomes, particularly within Sharia-compliant markets, this study focuses on three key board attributes: board size, board independence, and female representation on the board. Using a quantitative causal approach and panel data from 25 companies over the period 2020–2023, the study employs a fixed effect model to evaluate the relationship between board structure and financial performance measured by Return on Assets (ROA). The results show that board size has a positive and significant effect on firm performance, indicating that larger boards may enhance oversight capacity and provide broader resources beneficial to strategic decision-making. Conversely, board independence and board female representation do not exhibit significant effects on financial performance, suggesting that their roles may be more symbolic or constrained by institutional and contextual factors in the sampled companies. These findings highlight the importance of understanding corporate governance not merely in structural terms, but in relation to functional effectiveness and contextual maturity. The study offers implications for regulators, companies, and governance reform initiatives, particularly regarding strengthening substantive roles of independent and female commissioners in improving firm performance within Sharia-compliant markets.

The issue of street vendors (PKL) in Sidoarjo Regency, particularly in the Gading Fajar area, has become a significant concern as it relates to public order, the use of public space, and the economic dynamics of small communities. To address these challenges, the Sidoarjo Regency Government enacted Regional Regulation Number 3 of 2016 as the legal basis for structuring and empowering PKL. This study examines how the regulation is implemented in practice and evaluates its effectiveness using a qualitative descriptive method through interviews, observations, and documentation, analyzed with Leo Agustino’s policy evaluation model, which assesses five key aspects: administrative resources, institutional coordination, infrastructure and technology, financial support, and regulatory adequacy. The findings show that the implementation of the regulation has not yet reached optimal performance, as limited socialization, insufficient personnel, weak coordination among agencies, inadequate supporting facilities, and low compliance with zoning rules hinder the achievement of policy objectives. These issues are reflected in the continued presence of PKL operating in non-designated areas despite clear regulatory provisions. Therefore, strengthening institutional capacity, improving facilities, enhancing enforcement consistency, and developing more operational technical guidelines are essential to ensure more effective and sustainable management and empowerment of street vendors in Sidoarjo Regency.

This community engagement program aims to strengthen the economic capacity of community groups in Azerbaijan through an integrated model combining artificial intelligence (AI)–supported learning, digital skills enhancement, and practical economic training. Although Azerbaijan has demonstrated rapid digital progress, micro-entrepreneurs still face challenges related to limited digital literacy, insufficient financial planning capabilities, and the absence of structured mentorship that integrates emerging technologies. This program utilizes a participatory development approach involving baseline assessment, AI-driven training modules, intensive workshops, and mentoring over two months. A total of 45 participants from three community clusters were included. Quantitative findings reveal a 63% increase in digital literacy scores and a 67% adoption rate of AI-supported tools for marketing and financial planning. Qualitative insights show improved confidence in business decision-making, better understanding of market dynamics, and enhanced practical skills in budgeting and content creation. Participants also reported early indicators of improved sales performance and customer engagement. The integration of AI tools into community-based capacity-building initiatives demonstrates high effectiveness in accelerating digital readiness and entrepreneurial resilience. The program concludes that structured AI-based interventions can significantly empower grassroots communities in emerging economies. Limitations include the small sample size and short mentoring duration. Future research should explore larger populations and long-term economic outcomes.

This study examines how company size, asset growth, tangibility, leverage, and total asset turnover affect profitability in consumer manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2019 to 2023, using secondary data collected via purposive sampling. The independent variables in this study include the natural logarithm of total assets, asset growth (this year’s total assets relative to the previous year), and tangibility (the fixed asset ratio to total assets). Leverage uses the debt-to-asset ratio, and total asset turnover uses the total asset turnover ratio, while the dependent variable of profitability uses return on assets. Of the 108 companies in the population, 19 that met the research sample criteria were selected, yielding 95 observations. Data analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression, accompanied by classical assumption tests and hypothesis testing through F-tests and t-tests. The findings of this study reveal that asset growth has a significant positive effect on profitability, while leverage shows a significant negative effect. However, firm size, tangibility, and total asset turnover do not exhibit significant relationships with profitability. This study contributes both theoretically and practically to understanding the internal determinants of financial performance in the consumer sector and serves as a reference for management.

This study aims to analyze the effect of profitability, leverage, and liquidity on firm value in food and beverage sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2020–2024 period. Profitability is measured by Return On Assets (ROA), leverage by Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), and liquidity by Current Ratio (CR), while firm value is proxied by Price to Book Value (PBV). The study employs a quantitative approach using multiple linear regression analysis. The sample consists of 25 companies selected through purposive sampling, with a total of 125 secondary data observations obtained from annual financial statements. The results indicate that, partially, profitability, financial risk, and liquidity have a positive and significant effect on firm value. Simultaneously, the three independent variables also significantly affect firm value, with an adjusted R² of 43.4%, meaning that 56.6% of the variation in firm value is explained by other factors outside the model. These findings support agency theory and signaling theory, which suggest that strong financial performance, optimal debt management, and adequate liquidity provide positive signals to investors, thereby enhancing firm value.

This Community Service Program (PkM) was carried out at PT Golden Visalux with the aim of enhancing the effectiveness of the company’s operational cost budget control. Findings from field observations and interviews revealed that the company did not yet have formal written guidelines such as a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) and lacked a well-structured evaluation system for its budgeting process. As a result, discrepancies occurred between planned and actual expenditures, along with delays in monitoring operational costs. Through this internship project, an SOP and budget measurement standards were created and applied as reference tools for all relevant divisions involved in the budgeting cycle. The SOP implementation led to several improvements, including more accurate cost recording, better monitoring of budget variances, and increased efficiency in operational spending. In addition, the company now possesses an official document that can be utilized continuously for evaluating and refining its cost control practices. Overall, this PkM initiative offers meaningful contributions to strengthening budget management effectiveness and supporting improved financial performance at PT Golden Visalux.

In the investment world, stock returns are the leading indicator of a company’s performance and the basis for investor decision-making in the capital market. Fluctuations in stock returns reflect market expectations of the company’s prospects. The retail sector in Indonesia is facing significant pressure from post-pandemic shifts in consumer behavior and increased competition. This study aims to analyze the effect of financial distress, company size, liquidity, operating cash flow, and accounting profit on stock returns in retail sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the period 2021 to 2023. This type of research is causally associated with a quantitative approach. The data used is secondary, in the form of financial statements from retail companies. The sampling technique used was purposive, yielding a total of 39 data points from 13 retail companies. Data testing was carried out using SPSS version 24. The results showed that partially, the variables of financial distress, company size, liquidity, and accounting profit had no significant effect on stock returns. Meanwhile, operating cash flow positively impacts stock returns. These findings indicate that fundamental indicators are not always the main determinants of stock returns. Therefore, investors are advised also to consider external factors such as market sentiment, macroeconomic conditions, and government policies that may have a greater influence on stock performance in the capital market.

One of the factors that causes a company to grow is because of the maximum income or profit obtained. When raw material prices rise or there is an increase in labor and overhead costs , the company must incur higher costs to produce products. If this condition s not balanced with selling price adjustments, the profit margin will narrow and net profit will decrease. Net profit is a key indicator that reflects ai company's financial performance. Profit is a basic and important position of the financial overview that has various uses in various contexts, the definition of profit itself is the difference between expenses and income. The effect of production and sales costs on net profit at PT Unilever Indonesia Tbk during the period 2015 to 2022 reflects the complex phenomena faced by the company in carrying out its operations. During this period, PT Unilever faced various challenges organiting from market conditions, changes in rai material prices, and fluctuating consumer demand. The results of this study indicate that: (1) Production costs partially do not have ai significant effect on net profit, this is evidenced by ai significance value of 0.363 > 0.05. (2) Sales partally have ai significant effect on net profit, this is proven by ai significance value of 0.035 < 0.05. (3) Production and sales costs simultaneously haive ai significant effect on net profit, this is proven by ai significance value of 0.000 < 0.05. (4) The influence of the independent variables of production and sales costs on the dependent variable of net profit is 89.3%, while the remaining 10.7% is influenced by other factors outside this reseairch model.

This study aims to identify and describe the factors contributing to the decline in the distribution of Kredit Cepat Aman (KCA) at PT Pegadaian (Persero), Pasar Pagi Service Unit, during the period of January 2022 to December 2024. This research employs a descriptive qualitative method with a case study approach, involving purposively selected informants consisting of the unit manager, appraisers, and customers. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observations, and documentation analysis (KCA realization data from 2022 to 2024). The data were analyzed using thematic analysis through the stages of data reduction, data display, and conclusion verification/triangulation. The results indicate that the decline in KCA distribution is influenced by internal factors including interest rate (service fee) policies, collateral appraisal standards, credit provision procedures, non-performing loan ratios, service quality, and marketing activities as well as external factors such as competition among financial institutions, fluctuations in collateral prices, product availability, and local economic conditions affecting community purchasing power. These findings suggest the need for improvements in collateral appraisal procedures, enhancements in service quality and localized marketing strategies, and adjustments to interest rate policies that are responsive to local economic dynamics in order to restore and increase KCA distribution performance.

This study aims to analyze and evaluate the health level of PT Bank Mega Tbk during the 2016–2023 period using the Risk-Based Bank Rating (RGEC) method. This research employs a quantitative descriptive approach with an evaluative design. The data used are secondary data obtained from audited annual financial statements published by PT Bank Mega Tbk and the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The analytical method refers to regulatory provisions by Bank Indonesia and the Financial Services Authority, covering four assessment factors: Risk Profile (measured by Non-Performing Loan and Loan to Deposit Ratio), Good Corporate Governance (based on self-assessment reports), Earnings (measured by Return on Assets, Return on Equity, BOPO, and Net Interest Margin), and Capital (measured by Capital Adequacy Ratio). Each indicator is assessed according to regulatory criteria and integrated to determine the Composite Rating (PK). The results show that PT Bank Mega Tbk consistently achieved Composite Rating 1 (PK-1), categorized as “Very Healthy,” throughout the observation period. The Risk Profile, Capital, and most Earnings indicators demonstrate strong and stable performance, while Good Corporate Governance remains consistently in the “Healthy” category. However, the Return on Equity indicator shows relatively lower performance compared to other profitability ratios, indicating the need for more optimal utilization of equity. Overall, the findings confirm the bank’s strong financial resilience while highlighting managerial implications related to capital efficiency.