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This community service program aims to develop an empowerment model for Etawa goat milk micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in Kepuh Klagen Village, Wringinanom District, Gresik Regency through an Islamic Social Entrepreneurship (ISE) approach. Kepuh Klagen Village has significant economic potential in Etawa goat farming; however, MSME actors face several challenges, including limited halal-thayyib-based production capacity, low literacy in Islamic business management and finance, weak branding and marketing strategies, and the absence of sustainable collaboration among farmers. This program employed a participatory approach through mentoring, training, and capacity building activities. The implementation stages included identifying potentials and problems, providing training on Islamic Social Entrepreneurship values and Islamic business ethics, improving production quality based on halal-thayyib standards, strengthening Islamic financial management practices, and developing digital marketing capabilities. The results indicate an increase in MSME actors’ understanding of Islamic social entrepreneurship, improvements in production hygiene and product quality, and the emergence of collaborative awareness among Etawa goat milk entrepreneurs. The ISE approach proved effective not only in enhancing economic value but also in strengthening social responsibility, spiritual values, and business sustainability. This empowerment model is expected to be replicable for other local commodity-based MSMEs in rural areas.

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a strategic role as the backbone of Indonesia’s economy through their significant contribution to employment creation and Gross Domestic Product (GDP). However, many MSMEs continue to face structural challenges, including limited managerial capacity, low levels of innovation, and weak adaptation to digital transformation. In response to these challenges, entrepreneurship education has emerged as a strategic instrument for strengthening MSME competitiveness and sustainability. This study aims to analyze the role of entrepreneurship education as a development strategy for MSMEs in supporting Indonesia’s economic growth. Employing a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study design, this research examines several MSMEs that have participated in entrepreneurship education and training programs organized by government and educational institutions. The findings reveal that entrepreneurship education contributes to strengthening entrepreneurial mindset, improving managerial and financial skills, encouraging business innovation, and enhancing digital technology adoption among MSME actors. Moreover, entrepreneurship education supports business resilience and market expansion, enabling MSMEs to adapt to dynamic economic conditions. These findings indicate that entrepreneurship education is not merely a capacity-building tool, but a strategic policy instrument for developing competitive and sustainable MSMEs. Therefore, the institutionalization of integrated and continuous entrepreneurship education is essential to optimize the role of MSMEs in fostering inclusive and sustainable economic growth in Indonesia.

This study aims to analyze the role of the Makmur Mandiri Savings and Loan Cooperative (KSP) in supporting the development of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). KSP Makmur Mandiri serves as a microfinance institution providing financial access and business mentoring for MSME actors. The method used is qualitative descriptive with a Group Investigation approach, involving group discussions to gain deeper insights from relevant literature sources such as journals and books. The theoretical review supports understanding the cooperative’s role in improving member welfare and the obstacles faced in managing and developing MSMEs. The findings show that KSP Makmur Mandiri has succeeded in providing continuous capital and support, helping MSMEs to survive and grow despite economic challenges, especially after the pandemic. However, the cooperative faces various internal and external obstacles that require strategic collaboration for sustainable development. The implication of this study is to encourage enhanced managerial capacity of cooperatives and the need for stronger government policy support to optimize the cooperative’s role as a strategic partner for MSMEs.

Business legality is a very important component in the development of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs). Business legality provides MSME players with legal protection, easier access to financing, and greater opportunities for growth. The Business Identification Number (NIB) is the official identity of business actors used to obtain business licenses and commercial or operational permits through an integrated electronic licensing system, namely Online Single Submission (OSS). The objective of this community service program is to increase the understanding and awareness of MSME actors in Kelayu Selatan Village, Selong District, East Lombok Regency, regarding business legality, particularly the creation of an NIB. To support more efficient assistance tailored to the needs of each business operator, this activity was conducted door-to-door and included several stages, such as observation and data collection on MSMEs, dissemination of information on the importance of business legality, assistance in creating OSS accounts, and assistance in the application process until the issuance of the NIB. The results of the activity showed an increase in awareness and knowledge about the importance of business legality. It is hoped that this program will encourage MSMEs to transform into formal businesses that are competitive and sustainable.

This study aims to analyze the influence of product quality, price perception, and promotion on purchasing decisions for Panasonic brand electronic products at the Batam Electronics Store in Pekanbaru City. This study uses a quantitative approach with a survey method, where primary data is collected by distributing questionnaires to 45 consumers who have purchased Panasonic products. The sampling technique uses a purposive sampling method. The data obtained are analyzed using a structural equation model based on Partial Least Square (PLS) to test the relationship between research variables. The results of the analysis show that product quality has a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions, indicating that product quality and reliability are important factors in consumer considerations. In addition, promotion is also proven to have a positive and significant influence on purchasing decisions, indicating the role of promotional strategies in attracting consumer interest. Price perception also has a significant influence, which means that the suitability of price with the benefits perceived by consumers can encourage purchasing decisions. The findings of this study confirm that improving product quality, setting prices that are in accordance with consumer perceptions, and implementing effective promotional strategies can strengthen purchasing decisions. Therefore, the results of this study are expected to be a reference for business actors in formulating marketing strategies for electronic products. Keywords: Product Quality, Price Perception, Promotion, Purchasing Decisions.

The Rumah Merah Melaka heritage tourist area has an important historical value, but the information received by tourists about its historical value is still limited, so the understanding gained by tourists is not optimal. This community service activity aims to increase the historical literacy of tourists and the involvement of local business actors in cultural preservation through the provision of educational media and mentoring with participatory methods oriented to the needs of the target community. The implementation stages include observation to identify the information needs of tourists and the role of local communities, the preparation of historical educational media according to the socio-cultural context, the implementation of direct education to tourists, and the assistance of local business actors as independent distributors of cultural information. The results show an increase in tourists' interest in the historical information provided, changes in tourist behavior in paying attention to cultural values, and the active participation of local business actors in the delivery of historical information. This program is expected to contribute to improving the quality of tourism experiences, strengthening the capacity of local communities, and supporting the sustainability of heritage preservation through collaboration between the community, local business actors, and visitors.

This study aims to analyze the effect of financial literacy and financial inclusion on the financial management of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Makale District. Sound financial management is an important factor for the sustainability and growth of MSMEs; therefore, an empirical examination of the factors influencing it is necessary. This study employs a quantitative approach using a survey method. Data analysis is conducted through multiple linear regression with the assistance of SPSS statistical software version 26. The research population includes all MSME actors in Makale District, with a sample of 88 respondents selected using a random sampling technique to ensure equal participation opportunities. The independent variables in this study are financial literacy and financial inclusion, while the dependent variable is MSME financial management. The results indicate that financial literacy has a positive and significant partial effect on MSME financial management. This finding suggests that the better MSME actors understand financial concepts and practices, the better their ability to manage business finances. In contrast, financial inclusion does not have a significant partial effect on financial management. However, financial literacy and financial inclusion simultaneously have a significant effect on financial management. The coefficient of determination of 69.3% indicates that most of the variation in MSME financial management can be explained by these two variables. This study concludes that improving financial literacy is a key factor in enhancing MSME financial management.

This community service program aims to strengthen institutional capacity and develop the business units of the Padangan Village-Owned Enterprise (BUMDes) through enhanced managerial capabilities, business innovation, and enhanced digital marketing strategies tailored to local potential and needs. The program was implemented using a participatory empowerment approach involving various stakeholders, including the village government and local economic actors. The methods used included needs assessment, management and entrepreneurship training, intensive mentoring, and collaborative business planning. The program's results demonstrated significant improvements in BUMDes organizational governance, administrative professionalism, and a more organized and accountable financial reporting system. Furthermore, business unit diversification, local product quality improvement, and community capacity to utilize digital technology for marketing activities increased. The program also provided academic contributions in the form of empirical data and an applicable model of village empowerment based on Islamic economics. Overall, empowerment based on participation and Islamic economic values ​​has been proven to promote sustainable village economic resilience and independence.

In Indonesia, copyright infringement in the music sector continues to be a significant issue, particularly when musical works are commercially exploited by businesses. This study examines the accountability of businesses towards music royalty payments through a case study of Mie Gacoan and the Collective Management Institute (LMK) SELMI. The research method used is normative juridical with additional research data collected through literature review, including related regulations and various previous studies on music copyright protection. The results of the study confirm that businesses are obliged to pay royalties for the use of copyrighted works, as stipulated in Law Number 28 of 2014 and Government Regulation Number 56 of 2021 concerning Song/Music Royalty Management. The dispute between Mie Gacoan and LMK SELMI demonstrates the weak awareness of businesses regarding legal obligations and highlights the importance of the LMK's role in ensuring the fulfillment of creators' economic rights. This study emphasizes that legal certainty, the level of public awareness of the law, and consistency in law enforcement are important factors in realizing copyright protection in Indonesia.

The strong bargaining power imbalance in the formation of sales contracts, particularly in standard contracts unilaterally drafted by business actors, undermines the principle of freedom of contract, as it is not accompanied by the principle of balance that should ensure a proportional distribution of rights and obligations. This study aims to identify legal issues arising from such imbalances and examine how the principle of balance can be effectively implemented to achieve contractual justice. Using a normative juridical method and conceptual, statutory, and comparative approaches, the research finds that exoneration clauses, unilateral clauses, and “take it or leave it” practices are the primary causes of the loss of substantive consensus in standard contracts. The findings indicate that existing legal protections are still insufficient to prevent the dominance of business actors an issue increasingly evident in the rapidly growing digital sector. The study highlights the need for stronger supervisory instruments, greater transparency in contract drafting, and the reformulation of standard clauses to better reflect proportionality. It also opens opportunities for further empirical research to assess the effectiveness of applying the principle of balance in everyday contractual practices.

This study aims to explore the process of digital transformation and innovative strategies adopted by micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in the context of the digital economy. The research focuses on understanding how micro MSME actors adopt digital technology, the challenges they face, and the implications for business independence and competitiveness. A qualitative descriptive approach with a single case study design was employed, focusing on one micro culinary MSME in Medan City. Data were collected through in depth interviews, direct observation, and digital documentation, and analyzed using thematic analysis techniques. The findings indicate that the use of social media for marketing purposes has increased business visibility and expanded customer reach at the local level. However, digital transformation remains at an early stage, constrained by limited capital, low digital literacy, and the lack of integrated digital business systems. These results suggest that digital transformation in micro MSMEs is a gradual and context dependent process that requires strong ecosystem support to enhance sustainable business independence and competitiveness. This study contributes to the literature by providing qualitative empirical insights into digital transformation at the micro enterprise level.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Economic Entity Principle in the micro, small, and medium enterprise (MSME) Kedai Kita, which still relies on a simple financial recording system. The principle emphasizes the importance of separating personal and business finances to ensure that financial statements accurately and objectively reflect the entity's economic condition. The research employs a qualitative method with a descriptive approach through direct interviews with the business owner to gain an in-depth understanding of the financial management practices implemented. The findings indicate that the application of the Economic Entity Principle at Kedai Kita has not been fully realized, as evidenced by the ongoing mixing of personal and business funds, the absence of a formal bookkeeping system, and inconsistent recording of cash flows and expenditures. The main factors hindering the implementation of this principle include limited accounting literacy, lack of time for bookkeeping, and the absence of a structured accounting system. Nevertheless, the business owner has begun to recognize the importance of separating finances as a foundation for more accountable business management. These findings imply the need for the adoption of simple recording applications, the provision of basic accounting training, and increased understanding among MSME actors regarding the benefits of structured financial statements. This study provides practical contributions for other MSMEs by demonstrating that the implementation of the Economic Entity Principle is a fundamental step in enhancing financial transparency and accountability, as well as strengthening opportunities for access to formal financing.

The community service program in Purworejo Village, Sragi District, Pekalongan Regency, was implemented to enhance the capacity of local MSME actors in utilizing digital technology as a modern marketing tool. The program adopted a participatory approach involving youth organizations, business actors, village authorities, and the implementation team in every stage of the activity. Assistance included field observation, data collection, content development training, and the creation of a dedicated MSME website as a shared promotional platform. The results indicate significant social changes within the community, including improved digital literacy, stronger awareness of the importance of technology-based marketing, the emergence of local youth as digital facilitators, and the development of collaborative working patterns in managing digital media. These findings reinforce that participatory-based mentoring can strengthen community capacity in adopting technology, consistent with theoretical perspectives that position the community as key agents of local development. Therefore, the program not only produced a functional digital product in the form of an MSME website but also laid the foundation for a more adaptive, competitive, and sustainable village economic ecosystem..

Research on business negotiation is becoming increasingly relevant amid the dynamics of globalization, digitalization, and intense competition that require organizations to have adaptive communication and collaboration strategies. Negotiation no longer serves only as a means of reaching agreement, but also as a strategic mechanism for creating added value, building long-term relationships, and mitigating business risks. This study aims to systematically examine the definitions, principles, functions, and objectives of negotiation based on international and national academic literature from 2015 to 2025. The research approach uses a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) to identify conceptual patterns, research trends, and developments in negotiation theory. The results of the study show that modern negotiation emphasizes the creation of shared value through an integrative approach, strengthening communication, and utilizing digital technology in the decision-making process. In addition, differences in orientation were found between Western negotiation, which is more transactional, and the Indonesian context, which emphasizes relationship harmony and sustainable collaboration. This study provides a theoretical contribution in the form of a comprehensive mapping of the development of the concept of negotiation, as well as practical contributions for business actors in designing effective, adaptive negotiation strategies that are relevant to contemporary business needs.

The development of information and communication technology has significantly transformed the way people conduct financial transactions. One prominent shift is the transition from cash-based transactions to non-cash payment systems, commonly referred to as a cashless society. The core concept of a cashless society relies on transactions conducted through electronic payment instruments. This study aims to examine the challenges and readiness of the Fakfak Regency community in navigating the transition toward a cashless society. Using a qualitative approach, data were collected through surveys and in-depth interviews with various stakeholders, including the general public, local government, financial institutions, and local business actors. Most existing studies on cashless society predominantly focus on urban areas and regions with well-developed digital infrastructure. This research offers novelty by exploring the challenges and readiness of communities in Fakfak Regency, one of the 3T (frontier, outermost, and disadvantaged) regions in West Papua, characterized by limited digital infrastructure, low financial literacy, and a significant digital divide. Data analysis was carried out using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to identify factors influencing the adoption of non-cash payment technologies. The findings indicate that the community in Fakfak Regency is not yet fully prepared for a cashless society. The region remains in the early stages of adopting non-cash transactions and faces various obstacles, including limited technological capability and insufficient infrastructure to support improvements in financial and digital literacy. This study provides important contributions by presenting an empirical picture of cashless adoption in a 3T region and offers valuable insights for developing more inclusive, adaptive, and contextually appropriate policies for the local transition toward a cashless society.

Food-based micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) play a crucial role in supporting household economic growth, including in Sialang Village, Bangkinang Subdistrict. One of the local businesses, “Keripik Cabe dan Mie Kuning Bu Inun,” produces cassava chips using traditional frying methods, which result in high oil absorption, inconsistent quality, short shelf life, and low production efficiency. Limited knowledge of food processing technology, sanitation, and food safety standards further hinders business development. This community service program aims to address these challenges through the application of low-oil frying technology, training on Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP), production assistance, and periodic evaluation. The implementation method includes field observation, technical training, technology demonstration, production mentoring, and monitoring. The results show significant improvements in product quality, indicated by lower oil content, crispier texture, brighter color, and longer shelf life. Efficiency in oil usage and process stability also increased. Moreover, the knowledge and skills of MSME actors in sanitation, food safety, and production management improved considerably. Overall, the program successfully enhanced the competitiveness of the MSME, strengthened production sustainability, and provided positive economic impacts. This initiative can serve as a replicable model for other food MSMEs facing similar challenges.

The development of the batik industry today requires business actors to be able to implement effective marketing strategies in order to increase competitiveness and encourage consumer purchasing decisions. This study aims to analyze the effect of promotion, product innovation, and digital marketing on purchasing decisions for Batik Lochatara products in Wates, Kediri Regency. This research uses a quantitative method with a survey approach through distributing questionnaires to Batik Lochatara consumers in Wates, Kediri Regency. The analysis techniques used in this study include multiple linear regression, partial test (t test), simultaneous test (F test), and the coefficient of determination to determine the contribution of each independent variable to the dependent variable. The results of this study indicate that partially promotion, product innovation, and digital marketing have a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions. While simultaneously, the three variables are also proven to have a significant influence on purchasing decisions with an adjusted R-square value of 0.743 or 74.3%. This means that purchasing decisions at Batik Lochatara can be explained by promotion, product innovation, and digital marketing by 74.3%, while 25.7% is influenced by other factors not studied. This finding confirms that the right promotional strategy, continuous product innovation, and digital marketing optimization are important factors in increasing consumer interest and purchasing decisions for local batik products in modern markets.

This study aims to analyze the influence of proactive behavior on competitive advantage in quail breeder MSMEs in Bendowulung Village, Sanankulon District, Blitar Regency. The background of this research is based on the importance of increasing the competitiveness of MSMEs in the livestock sector in order to be able to survive and develop in the midst of increasingly competitive market competition. The research method uses a quantitative approach with data collection techniques through surveys or questionnaires distributed to quail farming MSMEs. The data were analyzed using statistical methods, including validity tests, reliability tests, classical assumption tests, linear regression tests, and hypothesis tests to determine the significance of the influence of proactive behavior on competitive advantage. The results of the study show that proactive behavior has a positive and significant influence on competitive advantage. These findings indicate that the higher the level of proactive behavior of an individual or organization, the greater their ability to innovate, take initiative, and adapt to changing business environments. Thus, proactive behavior is a strategic factor in strengthening the position of quail breeder MSMEs in the market, increasing revenue, and encouraging sustainable business performance. This research contributes to the development of MSME management theory and practical recommendations for business actors and policy makers.

This study aims to analysis the impact of the presence of coal transport parking areas on the Income of the Informal Sector, identify the most dominant factors influencing Income, and examine the socio-economic impact experienced by informal sector business actors in Muara Tembesi District. This study uses a quantitative approach with Multiple Linear Regression analysis and Classical Assumption Tests to test the hypotheses. Data were obtained through surveys of informal sector business owners around the parking areas. The dependent variable is Income, while the independent variables include Age, Education, Working Hours, Initial Capital, and Distance. Comparative descriptive analysis is used to validate socio-economic changes. Data analysis shows that working hours, initial capital, and distance have a positive and significant impact on the income of informal sector business actors, whereas age and education do not significantly affect the income of informal sector business actors. Descriptively, there has been massive welfare migration, indicated by the decrease in the proportion of low-income respondents from 60 percent to only 2 percent after the intervention. The presence of parking pockets has been proven to provide a positive and transformative economic impact for the informal sector. This impact is driven by increased production inputs (Capital and Working Hours). On the other hand, logistics activities generate negative external impacts in the form of dust pollution and security risks, which require strict regulation by the Local Government.

This research aims to explore the role of service excellence in enhancing consumer loyalty in culinary MSMEs, with a case study at RM Kamang Jaya in Medan City. In facing intense competition in the food industry, excellent service becomes an important strategy to maintain and expand the customer base. A qualitative approach with a case study method was employed to deeply examine customer experiences, perceptions, and service practices through interviews, observations, and documentation. The findings show that the consistent application of service standards, friendly attitudes of staff, and attention to detail in service delivery greatly contribute to customer satisfaction and loyalty. Good service has been proven to encourage repeat orders, create positive experiences, and enhance word-of-mouth promotion. Despite some technical obstacles, such as order errors or menu limitations, the quick response and professional attitude of employees were able to minimize their impact. These findings confirm that service excellence not only meets the functional needs of consumers but also builds emotional attachment, which becomes the foundation of long-term loyalty. The implications of this research are significant for other MSME actors in designing superior service strategies to face increasingly complex business competition.