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Indonesia is one of the world's largest producers and exporters of Crude Palm Oil (CPO). This study aims to analyze the competitiveness level of Indonesian CPO and the competitive position of Indonesian CPO in the target countries of the United States and Pakistan. This research uses secondary data with a time span from 2018 to 2022. The methods used in this research are the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) method and Export Product Dynamic (EPD). The analysis results show that Indonesia's export competitiveness to the target countries of the United States and Pakistan is high. Then, the majority of the market share to the target countries of the United States and Pakistan is in the Rising Star position, which means there is positive growth. The government needs to synergize policies and create regulations regarding international trade agreements, the government can also simplify export licensing procedures, and Indonesian exporters need to pay more attention to the quality and composition of CPO products

The development of information technology has provided numerous benefits in the advancement of various organizations. One government organization that has implemented information technology to support its business processes is the Department of Cooperatives and SMEs of East Java Province. With the increasing number of information technology services used by the Department of Cooperatives, new challenges and consequences inevitably arise in the service maintenance process when an incident occurs with the information technology services. Unfortunately, the Department of Cooperatives appears to lack a clear procedure and guidelines for incident handling due to the absence of a related SOP. The purpose of this thesis is to formulate a Standard Operating Procedure related to incident handling that can be utilized by the Department of Cooperatives as a standard or reference, particularly in resolving incidents in information technology services. The SOP formulation uses the ITIL V3 framework because this framework includes the Service Operation domain, which contains the incident management process formulated based on best practices. Data collection for this thesis will be conducted through interviews and using the RACI Chart to determine the interviewees. This thesis results in 3 Standard Operating Procedures, 3 Record Documents, 1 Form, and 1 Priority Guide document, all of which are formulated based on the relevant framework and have been validated by the Department of Cooperatives and SMEs of East Java Province.

In an increasingly competitive and dynamic business era, companies are faced with increasing pressure to achieve success. To achieve this goal, operational efficiency, effectiveness and consistency are key. Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) are present as an important instrument in guiding companies towards this achievement. SOPs are written guidelines that detail the steps and procedures that employees must follow in carrying out their daily tasks. A good SOP implementation helps companies ensure that every step taken by employees is in accordance with the set standards, reduces the possibility of errors, and improves the quality of the final result. However, awareness of the importance of SOPs is still uneven among companies, and many have difficulty in implementing them effectively. SOPs play a crucial role in improving operational efficiency, reducing the risk of errors, and ensuring compliance with regulations and industry standards. By providing clear guidance to employees, SOPs help in minimizing confusion, speeding up workflow, and increasing productivity. In addition, SOPs also help in maintaining consistent product quality and ensuring compliance with production standards. The importance of operational consistency cannot be overlooked either, as consistency creates customer trust, improves efficiency, and creates a stable work culture. Effective implementation and management of SOPs are key in ensuring operational success. The implementation process begins with the identification of business processes that require SOPs, development of clear SOPs, employee training, and continuous monitoring and evaluation of SOP compliance and effectiveness. In the manufacturing industry, SOPs are essential in maintaining product quality, occupational safety and health, and supply chain management. SOP helps in maintaining consistent product quality, creating a safe and healthy work environment, and optimizing material flow, inventory, and product distribution. Overall, the implementation of clear and well-defined SOP in various aspects of operations is key to ensuring the sustainability and success of the company. By implementing SOP well, companies can improve operational efficiency, maintain product quality, minimize the risk of errors, and ensure compliance with industry regulations and standards, enabling them to remain competitive in an increasingly complex market.  

This study analyzed the process of examining members of the National Police who allegedly violated the code of conduct in the jurisdiction of the Timor Tengah Selatan (TTS) resort police. The research method used is qualitative research with a case study approach. The data was collected through in-depth interviews with the Professional and Security Division of the National Police of the Republic of Indonesia or commonly abbreviated as Div Propam Polri. The analysis was conducted to identify patterns and processes that emerged in the process of examining police members who violated the code of ethics at the TTS police station. The formulation of the problem in this study is 1. What is the process of examining and imposing sanctions on members of the National Police who are suspected of violating the code of conduct in the South Central Timor Police area? 2. How is the relationship between ethical sanctions and criminal sanctions in judicial proceedings in the District Court? The results showed that the examination process for members of the National Police who were suspected of violating the code of ethics in the jurisdiction of the South Central Timor Police was carried out in accordance with the Chief of Police Regulation Number 7 of 2022 concerning the Police Professional Code of Ethics, which involved various stages, ranging from reports or direct findings by officers, examinations to prosecutions and criminal acts in the process in accordance with the Criminal Procedure Code. In the event that a member of the National Police who violates the order of the member is immediately given disciplinary action by the ankum. This finding provides insight into efforts to improve the law enforcement system in terms of transparency in the examination process of members of the National Police who are suspected of violating the code of ethics in the jurisdiction of the TTS police.

Transactional analysis counseling was developed from Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory and the discovery of the workings of the brain. The aim of this research is to find out about transactional analysis counseling philosophically based on the results of literature studies. This research uses qualitative methods with a literature study type. The method used in this type of literature study is to search for data or material by reviewing and collecting information from various credible and relevant sources such as scientific journals, articles, books and others related to the topic discussed, namely transactional analysis counseling based on ego state counseling theory. Then note down the important points that are appropriate to the research problem. (1) The results of this research include the Basic Philosophy of Transactional Analysis Counseling. (2) Main Concepts of Transactional Analysis Counseling (3) Objectives of Transactional Analysis Counseling, (4) Ego state theory, (5) Role and function of the counselor in transactional analysis counseling, (6)Counselee experience in counseling. (7) Procedure for Transactional Analysis Counseling Stages. (8) Transactional Analysis Counseling Techniques.

When learning mathematics, students sometimes experience errors in understanding concepts, data, procedures, and principles, especially in algebraic operations. This research analyzes students' errors in solving mathematics problems on algebraic operations material. The research method used is a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. The research subjects were class VIII students at SMP Negeri 4 Kawangkoan. The instruments used were written tests, interviews, and expert validation. Data analysis techniques use qualitative techniques, including data collection, reduction, and conclusion. The conclusions obtained include that students experience three types of errors in solving mathematics problems: data errors, theorem or definition errors, and technical errors.    

This study aims to analyze the implementation of trademark registration and the inhibiting factors faced by Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Wonogiri Regency, as well as to present solutions to overcome these challenges. This legal research is an empirical legal study that is descriptive. The research approach used is a socio-legal approach. The types and sources of legal materials used consist of primary and secondary legal materials. The legal materials are collected through document analysis and interviews. The analysis of legal materials is qualitative with a descriptive analytical method. Based on the research findings, it can be observed that trademark registration for MSMEs in Wonogiri Regency has not been well-implemented. Despite some awareness among MSMEs in this area regarding the importance of trademark registration, there are still obstacles in trademark registration and understanding intellectual property. Factors such as lack of knowledge about trademark registration, low legal awareness, complex registration procedures, and insufficient information about available facilities affect the implementation of trademark registration in this area. To address these challenges, there is a need for increased knowledge and education about trademark registration for MSMEs in Wonogiri Regency. Additionally, providing accessible information and facilities will help improve the implementation of trademark registration so that MSMEs can better understand the benefits and processes of trademark registration effectively

This paper examines whether or not copyright(s) can be used as collateral in a credit facility. To answer this question, there are two major issues to consider. First, we must determine whether copyright(s) is a property right, and if so, whether copyright(s) can be used as collateral. So, what mechanism can we use to ensure copyright(s)? Our research shows that copyright(s) are property rights that can be used as collateral in a credit facility via fiduciary guarantee; Second, because we established that copyright(s) are property rights that can be used as collateral in a credit facility via fiduciary guarantee. The next step is to determine how we can secure and execute copyright(s) as collateral. Our research shows that the main procedure can be found in Law Number 42 of 1999 on Fiduciary and Law Number 24 of 2019 on Creative Economy.

The aim of this research is to determine the influence of TikTok social media on student learning outcomes in Islamic religious education subjects at UPT SDN 12 Arungkeke, Jeneponto Regency. This type of research is quantitative survey/expost facto research. Research procedures include the conceptual phase, design and planning phase, creating instruments and collecting research data, empirical phase, analytical phase (analyzing data and calculating research data results), and dissemination phase (designing research results). The research results show that the T test Judging from the value of Tcount (89.584) > Ttable (1.713) or the significant probability value of 0.000 < 0.05, then Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted, meaning that social media Tik Tok (X) has a positive and significant effect on student learning outcomes (Y). Based on student learning results and tests carried out by researchers, it can be seen that social media Tik Tok has an influence on student learning outcomes in Islamic religious education subjects at UPT SDN 12 Arungkeke, Jeneponto Regency.

The police apparatus is one of the law enforcement officers as a state instrument that plays a role in maintaining public security and order, as well as providing protection, protection and services to the community. However, the facts in the field say, there are still many violations of the principles of the rule of law in the realm of criminal procedure law, one of which is violence committed by law enforcement officials in the realm of investigation. The purpose of this writing is to find out how legal protection is given to victims of violence in investigations and to find out how the role of law enforcement officials should be in interpreting authority and power. The research method used by the author is normative legal research using data collection techniques through document study activities on secondary data. The results obtained from this writing are that suspects who experience violence in the investigation can make legal efforts through their family or legal counsel in accordance with what is regulated in Article 77 of the Criminal Procedure Code. In addition, in the context of accountability, law enforcement officials must be prepared to account for their actions and decisions to interested parties, including the community at large.

The purpose of this study is to determine the application of Supreme Court Regulation No. 3 of 2017 concerning Guidelines for Adjudicating Cases of Women Against the Law in Marisa District Court of Pohuwato Regency and to determine the obstacles faced by judges in the implementation of Supreme Court Regulation No. 3 of 2017 concerning Guidelines for Adjudicating Cases of Women Against the Law in the jurisdiction of Marisa District Court of Pohuwato Regency. The implementation of this research uses empris research. In this study, researchers used qualitative methods. The implementation of Supreme Court Regulation Number 3 of 2017 concerning guidelines for adjudicating cases of women facing the law Perma number 3 of 2017 is a significant effort in improving justice for women in the Indonesian justice system. The application of these guidelines in the Marisa District Court demonstrates a commitment to respect and protect women's rights. However, the implementation still faces challenges such as a lack of understanding and awareness of judges about gender issues as well as technical obstacles in the implementation of these guidelines. in the sense that the PERMA is still ineffective in its implementation. Although the Marisa District Court has also been running according to trial procedures.

 This research was conducted with the aim of finding out how civil disputes are resolved in the District Court, either through Simple Lawsuits in Court or through Mediation in Court. By using normative juridical research methods, it is concluded: (1) The stages of simple lawsuit settlement in the District Court include registration, examination of the completeness of a simple lawsuit, determination of judges and appointment of substitute clerks, preliminary examination, determination of hearing days and summoning of parties, trial and peace hearings, evidence and decisions To resolve disputes in a simple and practical manner and avoid complicated settlements and in-depth examinations, Law Number 8 Year 1999 requires that amicable settlement, which is a legal remedy first attempted by the parties to the dispute, before the parties choose voluntarily to resolve disputes through the Judicial Body or other forum. (1) The Mediation Procedure in Article 13 on Submission of Case Resume and Duration of Mediation Procedure, states: (1) Within a maximum of 5 (five) working days after the parties have appointed an agreed mediator, each party may submit the case resume to each other and to the mediator. (2) Within a maximum of 5 (five) working days after the parties fail to select a mediator, each party may submit the case resume to the appointed mediator judge. (3) The mediation procedure shall last for a maximum of 40 (forty) working days from the time the mediator is selected by the parties or appointed by the chairman of the panel of judges as referred to in article 11 paragraphs (5) and ( 6). (4) Based on the agreement of the parties, the mediation period may be extended by a maximum of 14 (fourteen) working days from the expiry of the 40 (forty) day period as referred to in paragraph 3: (5) The period of the mediation procedure shall not include the period of case examination. (6) If necessary and based on the agreement of the parties, mediation may be conducted remotely using communication devices. Settlement of civil disputes in principle has two aspects, namely settlement through litigation and non-litigation, in the District Court itself where litigation settlement can be pursued also prioritizing the principles of fast, cheap, and simple.

Protection and supervision of the law from the perspective of human rights is something that must be realized in the justice and welfare of every individual. The existence of legal protection for this right aims to refer to a mechanism and procedure that has been provided by the state to ensure that this right can be respected and monitored. Supervision of the law, if seen on the other hand, includes several efforts to ensure that the law can be implemented as fairly as possible, without discrimination or abuse. This right to humans has the aim of protecting the dignity possessed by every human being, this right can guarantee that every person needs to be respected and their nature cannot be contested.

The purpose of the research is to know and analyze the criminal liability of the perpetrator in the case of illegal mining in the Marisa District Court of Pohuwato Regency has been in accordance with the objectives of the law (certainty, benefit, and justice) and to know and analyze the factors that influence the consideration of judges in examining, adjudicating, and deciding cases of illegal mining in the Marisa District Court of Pohuwato Regency. The type of research used in this legal writing is socio-juridical legal research. Criminal responsibility of the perpetrator in illegal mining cases is very important to maintain legal certainty, expediency, and justice. Courts need to ensure that perpetrators are given sanctions appropriate to the level of offense they commit and that the sanctions are effective in preventing similar acts in the future. In addition, fair and proportional treatment of perpetrators must also be ensured to maintain the integrity of the justice system and the judge's consideration in deciding Case No. 37/Pid.Sus/2023/PN Mar was in accordance with Article 184 of the Criminal Procedure Code, namely based on legal facts, witness testimony, testimony of the defendant and instructions in the form of evidence, so that the judge's consideration in his verdict had fulfilled the elements and conditions of the defendant's conviction.

This research discusses the protection of copyright in relation to the alteration of musical arrangements based on Law Number 28 of 2014. The research utilizes a normative research method (legal research) to examine the legal protection of altered musical arrangements in the context of internet media. Through an analysis of the relevant provisions of the law pertaining to the alteration of musical arrangements, the research aims to identify the issues that arise in practice and formulate recommendations to improve and strengthen the protection of copyright in relation to altered musical arrangements. The research identifies problems that arise in the practical implementation of copyright protection for altered musical arrangements. One common issue is copyright infringement, where the alteration of musical arrangements is done without permission or consent from the original copyright owner. Real-life cases of copyright infringement, such as the case of the song "Lagi Syantik" whose musical arrangement was altered without permission, and the karaoke dispute between Inul Vista and the Indonesian Copyright Foundation (Yayasan Karya Cipta Indonesia), serve as examples of the problems that arise in Indonesia. In terms of legal protection, Law Number 28 of 2014 provides copyright protection for copyright holders. Copyright protects the expression of creative works, including those in the music industry. The alteration of musical arrangements is considered a form of creativity and can add value to musical works. However, to protect copyright, the copyright holder needs to obtain permission or a license from the original copyright owner in accordance with the procedures prescribed in the Copyright Law.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the enforcement of civil servant discipline and in the office of the staffing agency and regional human resource development of Lembata Regency. The results showed that (a) The application of disciplinary sanctions against civil servants at the Office of the Civil Service Agency and Regional Human Resources Development of Lembata Regency is applied to civil servants who do not comply with Government Regulation Number 94 of 2021 concerning Civil Servant Discipline as stated in Government Regulations article 4 and article 5 and Regent Regulation Number 86 of 2022 in article 4 and article 5 concerning guidelines for implementing the enforcement of State Civil Apparatus discipline within the Lembata Regency Government; (b) External and internal obstacles occur in Lembata Regency which greatly affect the level of discipline of civil servants so that it is necessary to increase human resources and also SOPs in the process of enforcing discipline in Lembata Regency. The author's suggestions (a) there is a need for increased discipline. The author assesses the steps and procedures taken to enforce the discipline of civil servants as government officials in Lembata Regency based on data from the Lembata Regency Regional Personnel and Human Resources Development Agency in accordance with existing regulations starting from the stage of summoning coaching and imposing disciplinary sanctions, but in enforcement it often experiences obstacles that make the enforcement process often hampered (b) The factors that cause obstacles in the implementation of civil servant discipline in Lembata Regency are, still low awareness of employees to act and be disciplined in carrying out their duties.

E-Government and Digital Governance serve as crucial foundations in the transformation of public services, leveraging information and communication technology. The primary focus is to provide easy and efficient access for the community. Through innovations such as the "Jemput Bola Administrasi Kependudukan" (Administration Retrieval Initiative) within the Kalimasada program, the Surabaya city government expedites administrative processes by utilizing the Klampid New Generation (KNG) website. This research aims to optimize this innovation in the Wonorejo Rungkut sub-district of Surabaya. Standards of public service regulated by laws serve as benchmarks for enhancing service quality, covering procedures, processing time, costs, service offerings, infrastructure, and staff competencies. The research findings indicate that service procedures run smoothly, processing times are relatively fast, services are provided free of charge, service offerings include various citizenship documents, and infrastructure is adequate. This innovation reflects the integration of technology into governance, accelerating and streamlining public administration processes.

E-Government and Digital Governance serve as crucial foundations in the transformation of public services, leveraging information and communication technology. The primary focus is to provide easy and efficient access for the community. Through innovations such as the "Jemput Bola Administrasi Kependudukan" (Administration Retrieval Initiative) within the Kalimasada program, the Surabaya city government expedites administrative processes by utilizing the Klampid New Generation (KNG) website. This research aims to optimize this innovation in the Wonorejo Rungkut sub-district of Surabaya. Standards of public service regulated by laws serve as benchmarks for enhancing service quality, covering procedures, processing time, costs, service offerings, infrastructure, and staff competencies. The research findings indicate that service procedures run smoothly, processing times are relatively fast, services are provided free of charge, service offerings include various citizenship documents, and infrastructure is adequate. This innovation reflects the integration of technology into governance, accelerating and streamlining public administration processes.

Handling rape cases requires effective forensic evidence collection to ensure justice for victims and truth disclosure in court. This study aims to evaluate protocols for collecting forensic evidence in rape cases, focusing on enhancing evidence quality and perpetrator identification accuracy. The evaluation method involves analyzing the implementation of existing protocols, including procedures for collecting and analyzing relevant physical, biological, and digital evidence in the context of sexual crimes. The study's findings indicate that increasing training and awareness of updated protocols can significantly improve the quality of collected evidence and the accuracy of perpetrator identification. These findings highlight the importance of collaboration among investigators, forensic experts, and other authorities in improving and implementing effective protocols for handling rape cases. This research provides a foundation for ongoing improvements in forensic procedures to enhance justice for victims of sexual crimes and overall community safety.

The provision of credit facilities in its development will always require collateral. This is due to the necessity of the Law, as well as for the security of the granting of credit, in the sense that the receivables from the bank will be guaranteed by the existence of collateral. Credit more often accepts collateral objects in the form of immovable objects, one of which is land rights because it is easy and certain in its execution. The purpose of this study was to determine the procedure for realizing credit with land collateral at BRI Karanganyar Branch Office, BRI Karanganyar Branch Office's actions against loans that fall into the doubtful category, and how to resolve if the credit in the doubtful category decreases in quality to the bad credit category. The results of this study are the procedure for realizing credit with land collateral at BRI Karanganyar Branch Office.