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This study aims to compare Indonesian and Malay in terms of phonology, with the cartoon series “Omar and Hana” as the research subject. Judging from the existing reality, Indonesian and Malay are two cognate languages that have many similarities, both in terms of grammar, vocabulary, and pronunciation. However, Indonesian and Malay also have differences, especially in terms of phonology. Therefore, this research tries to dig deeper into the comparison of phonology between Indonesian and Malay. The method used is descriptive qualitative with free listening and spoken involvement techniques and using writing techniques in data collection. The researcher found phonetic elements in Malay that aired on one of the themes in episode one, namely family themes. It was found that these two languages have almost similar functions of duration, stress, tone and stop in the pronunciation of vocabulary. However, there are differences, such as the sengau sound which is more distinctive in Malay. In addition, there is a change of vowel 'a' to 'ə' in some existing words that have the same meaning and arrangement pattern. This results in the existence of vocabulary whose sentences are different but the meaning is the same between Indonesian and the discovery of similar words but different meanings.

This study examines the impact of interest rates and inflation during the 2019-2023 period on asset allocation strategies in Indonesia's investment portfolio. Investment decisions are heavily influenced by two macroeconomic components, namely interest rates and inflation. These factors mainly affect how assets comprise a portfolio. In this study, data on Bank Indonesia's benchmark interest rate and the national inflation rate over the past five years are analyzed to see the pattern of change and its impact on asset allocation strategies, which include stocks, bonds, property, and other assets. The results show that rising interest rates significantly encourage people to shift from high-risk assets (e.g. stocks) to safer assets (e.g. bonds and deposits). Meanwhile, high inflation triggers an increased allocation to physical assets such as property and gold as a hedge against declining purchasing power. This research provides insights for investors to adjust their investment portfolios based on macroeconomic dynamics, especially in the face of interest rate volatility and inflation. The findings also highlight the importance of flexibility and diversification in asset allocation strategies to achieve optimal investment objectives amid economic uncertainty. The conclusion of this study confirms the importance of understanding interest rate and inflation dynamics in formulating effective investment strategies in Indonesia. The implications of these findings can be used by investors and policymakers in designing better monetary policies and investment strategies, in order to maintain national economic stability.

Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play an important role in the economy, but often find obstacles in coping with risks and adjusting to market changes. Lack of knowledge and skills in risk management can affect the sustainability of a business, especially in the midst of increasingly complicated market changes. This community service activity aims to strengthen the ability of MSME human resources (HR) to manage risks and formulate strategies to adapt to changes in the market. This activity was carried out in Central Cikarang MSMEs using interactive training and mentoring methods. The material presented consisted of an introduction to business risks, strategies to reduce risks, and adjustment actions to changes in the market, which include aspects of technology, regulations, and consumption patterns. The method applied was a combination of theory and case analysis related to the situation of MSMEs in the area. The results of the activity showed that there was an increase in the participants' understanding and awareness of the significance of risk management to maintain business continuity. Participants also gained practical skills in recognizing risks and designing adaptation plans that are suitable for the business situation they face. Through this activity, it is hoped that MSMEs can become stronger in the face of market uncertainty and be able to grow sustainably.

Intonation is one of the acoustic features that is highly emphasised by English learners worldwide, including Chinese EFL and Indonesian EFL speakers. The primary focus of the research is to compare variations in intonation between Chinese EFL and Indonesian EFL speakers while at the same time observing the other two acoustic features, which are intensity and duration. To make this research more comprehensive, a native English speaker’s pronunciation was also included to set the standard of English pronunciation. The data was visualised using the phonetic software PRAAT following the experiment. The findings indicate that Indonesian EFL speakers exhibit intonation patterns more similar to native English speakers compared to Chinese EFL speakers, although the specific intonation differences from native speakers remain evident. Learning about phonetic theory and adjusting intonation with the help of visual phonetic software are both effective ways to address this issue.

"Eco" (ecosystem) means nature, and "Print" means printing. These two words are combined into the word ecoprint. This method was developed with the aim of producing high-quality artwork using natural materials as dyes and design motifs. Leather is one of the materials used to make the ecoprint process. Namely leaves and plant flowers. Although each fabric uses the same type of plant leaves, the ecoprint process uses natural materials to create unique themes and patterns on each fabric. Using the PAR (Participatory Action Research) service method in the form of an approach by increasing community participation so that they can participate in the activity. This activity begins by determining the right day and date of implementation after that conducting observations and permission from the principal at MI Ihatta and MI Miftahul Ulum schools to be able to carry out activities at the school, in addition, ecoprint training activities are also held in the yard of the village hall office. There are several ways to make ecoprints, including (1) turning the tote bag inside out, (2) lining the inside with plastic so that the resulting color does not spread, (3) arranging several plant shapes on the tote bag and using the leaves and flowers, (4) after that cover the arranged plant parts using other plastic, (5) hit it using a stone or hammer slowly while holding the plastic cover so that the results obtained are not messy, (6) and the last stage is removing the remains of the plants that are stuck to the tote bag, after that turning the tote bag back to its original position and forming several beautiful motifs from the plant parts.

Social media as one of the technological developments has brought changes to people's lives to become an information society. Social media is also used by the government, one of which is the Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia in Bangkok, which is used to share information related to foreign government policies that the public needs. To create informative dissemination, interactive communication is needed between followers and information providers. However, analysis of activity on social media accounts shows patterns that are not yet effective, so this research was carried out which aims to determine the effect of using the social media Instagram @indonesiainbangkok on meeting followers' information needs. The theory in this research is the theory of social media use by Lometti, Reeves, and Bybee which consists of the amount of time, media content, and media relationship with individuals. This research uses quantitative research methods with data collection techniques using  questionnaires distributed online. The population in this study was 11,600, then a sample of 100 people was obtained. Sampling in this study used a simple random sampling method or random without certain criteria. The data analysis method in this research uses simple linear regression analysis and  coefficient of determination. The research results  show that the use of social media Instagram @indonesiainbangkok has quite a large influence on fulfilling followers' information needs, namely 95.3% which means that the majority of followers of the @indonesiainbangkok Instagram account fulfill their information needs. Through this research, it is hoped that both followers and managers of Instagram @indonesiainbangkok can create more interactive and two-way communication for mutual comfort.

A good sleep pattern is very important for our body's health both physically and mentally, while lifestyle habits such as physical activity and diet play a big role in influencing sleep quality. By using a decision tree, researchers aim to predict whether we have a healthy sleep pattern or not based on lifestyle. Healthy sleep patterns are regular and quality sleep habits to maintain our physical health. Healthy sleep patterns generally involve sleeping 8 hours – 9 hours per night, having a regular and consistent sleep time. The decision tree model was chosen because of the decision tree's ability to provide accurate predictions and produce rules that are easy to understand. This model can help us raise awareness of the importance of a healthy lifestyle in maintaining sleep quality.

A good sleep pattern is very important for our body's health both physically and mentally, while lifestyle habits such as physical activity and diet play a big role in influencing sleep quality. By using a decision tree, researchers aim to predict whether we have a healthy sleep pattern or not based on lifestyle. Healthy sleep patterns are regular and quality sleep habits to maintain our physical health. Healthy sleep patterns generally involve sleeping 8 hours – 9 hours per night, having a regular and consistent sleep time. The decision tree model was chosen because of the decision tree's ability to provide accurate predictions and produce rules that are easy to understand. This model can help us raise awareness of the importance of a healthy lifestyle in maintaining sleep quality.

This study examines how illegal parking affects the level of customer visits to small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Bandar Lampung City, with a particular focus on the Saburai Field area. The study conducted interviews with SME owners and customers to collect data using a descriptive qualitative research method. The results showed that illegal parking has varying impacts on the number of customer visits; some business owners said that there was no impact, while others said that there was an impact. From the customer's perspective, illegal parking significantly disrupts the comfort and safety of shopping, which may change their customer visit patterns. Illegal parking is generally considered to disrupt consumers' shopping experience, which may influence their decision to visit nearby SMEs, although the impacts vary. This study emphasizes that more organized parking management is essential to improving the business environment and competitiveness of small and medium enterprises in Bandar Lampung City.

Generation Alpha is a unique generation, born in the era of digital technology. Since an early age, they have been in contact with information technology. Based on previous research, this generation spends a lot of time in front of the screen and is fluent in using technological tools. As a generation of future leaders, teachers and parents must have an approach based on the characteristics of the Alpha generation in parenting and teaching patterns to develop leadership character. The study aims to examine the characteristics of the Alpha generation, how character education for the Alpha generation and effective parenting patterns in preparing the digital leadership of the Alpha generation. Literature studies show that the Alpha generation has great potential as a digital leader through the digital environment, character education in schools and parental care must be adjusted to the characteristics of the Alpha generation, by providing role models, mentoring, and good relationships. This study used a mixed method involving a quantitative survey of teachers and students, as well as qualitative interviews with school principals. The results of the study show that effective leadership in this context involves the implementation of holistic policies, which not only emphasize mastery of technology, but also strengthen character values ​​such as responsibility, discipline, and empathy. Thus, the role of principals and teachers is crucial in creating a learning environment that is balanced between the intellectual development and character of students.  This research provides strategic recommendations for educational leaders in designing policies that are able to integrate technology without neglecting student character development.

The process in artificial intelligence is similar to the process that occurs in the human brain. The pattern recognition process is to determine whether the input and output values ​​are the same so that the system can detect the pattern. A reciprocal relationship between the input and output levels is made possible by the two interconnected layers of the Bidirectional Associative Memory (BAM) technique. As a result, this technique can serve as an associative memory, meaning that some of the data stored in it can be called upon.. The load signal is transmitted from the input layer X to the output layer Y in this procedure. The weight value will be modified by computing the outcomes between the ranks [1,0]. In this work, the active sigmoid function is employed. Three input characters—the letters S, O, and X—are used in this study's 5x5 order matrix. A pattern [27 4] that matches the target is produced by the target letter S [1,-1], a pattern [27 -3] that does not match the target is produced by the target letter O [1.1], and a pattern [-37 21] that matches the target is produced by the target letter X [-1,1]. Consequently, not all patterns are able to meet the established objectives.

Factor analysis is a statistical method aimed at exploring correlations or relationships among variables studied, which are then grouped into fewer new factors. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a statistical technique used to reduce the dimensions of data with the goal of identifying hidden patterns or significant structures within the data. The research results indicate the presence of 5 factors influencing the decision-making process in online shopping among students of the University of North Sumatra via Shopee, namely the Funding Application Factor (28.141%), Information Reputation Factor (13.983%), Communication Satisfaction Factor (7.452%), Types and Compensation Factor (6.683%), and Guarantees and Prices Factor (5.794%). These five factors obtained a cumulative variance of 62.051%, indicating that they influence online shopping decisions through Shopee among University of North Sumatra students by 62.051%.

The plural contrastive analysis in the book of Fathul Qorib is very important because there are many plural formations and there are many errors in making plural forms in Arabic. This is due to a lack of understanding of easier ways to form plural words. This research has a research focus: (1) How plurals are formed in Arabic and Indonesian. (2) What are the similarities and differences in plural formation in Arabic and Indonesian. This research uses a type of research (library research), namely collecting data obtained through research on books, journals, books and websites. Data capture method. This research uses a cooperative descriptive method. The results of this research show that the plural in Arabic contained in the book of fathul qorib consists of the plural muannas salim 69 words, the plural mudzakar salim 79 words and the plural takir 192 words. Meanwhile, the plural in Indonesian contained in the translation of the book of Fathul Qorib consists of a total of 84 words reduplication, 4 partial reduplications, 2 words reduplication of other forms and 11 words affixing reduplication. The similarity in the formation of plurals in Arabic and Indonesian lies in the suffixes or addition of plural meanings. Meanwhile, the differences are: The plural in Indonesian does not recognize the form of tadzkir, is not used for absolutes, reduplication can be used as a plural formation and in Indonesian it does not recognize wazan or pattern while Arabic recognizes the form of tadzkir, there is a division between sensible and non-sensical or mulak, process reduplication cannot be used as a plural marker, whereas in Arabic wazan or the plural pattern takir can be used as a plural word formation.

This study aims to desribe speech difficulties n children aged 4-5 years at TK Al-Khairat Kindergarten, Gorontalo City. The researcher employed a qualitative research method focusing on the speech diffuculties experienced by children. The study subjects were three children and their parents at TK Al-Khairat Kindergarten in Gorontalo City, Data was collected through interviews and documentation. Data analysis was conducted through data reducation, data ranging from poor arculation to difficulties in understanding and using vocabulary. The causes influencing these difficulties include motor speech disorders such as apraxia, lack of supportive social interactions, and familly communication patterns. These speech difficulties significantly impact the children’s social-emosional development, such as low self-concept and difficulties building social-emotional development, such as low self-concept and difficulties building social relationship. The study highlights the importance of early detection and appropriate intervention to help children overcome speech difficulties, ultimately supporting their social, emotional, and academic development.

The concept of management in guidance and counseling is the process of planning, designing, organizing, and directing in the process of providing guidance and counseling services in a school or an organization. The method used in this research is the literature study method, which is a written summary that includes articles from journals, books, and other documents that define theories and provide information. The results of this study include: (1) the concept of management in counseling guidance, (2) the principles of applying guidance and counseling management, (3) organizational patterns in guidance and counseling, (4) stages of applying management in guidance and counseling, and (5) forms of evaluation in the process of guidance and counseling services.

One of the major causes of death in the globe is cancer. According to estimates, the number of people affected by cancer worldwide will continue to rise, reaching 21.4 million new cases and 13.2 million deaths by 2030.This study was carried out in the Sudanese state of East Darfur and it is a retrospective in nature. Clinical and Public Health Laboratory provided results, were collected, gathered then analyzed. The Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 25 was used evaluate demographic data and tumor cases. show that 87.3% of patients who were affected by were females, while only 12.7% of patients were males show that 15.87% of patients whom affected were 33 years old, followed by 9.52% their age were 34 and 45 years old endometritis accounted for (19.05% ) of the abnormalities that affected the patients, followed by ovaries (14.29%), endometrial polyps (12.70%), Breast masses (7.94%), chronic endometritis, prostatic hyperplasia The data on the present status of the most common benign and malignant tumors in Sudan and the neighboring areas is scarce. There is a complex interaction between the impact of infectious agents, genetics and environmental risk factors on the risk of development of most of these tumors.

This study focuses on the involvement of the Church in interpreting pluralism in Indonesia. This article describes the efforts of the Catholic Church in addressing diversity in Indonesia through two different but complementary research approaches: quantitative method using questionnaires and qualitative method involving literature review. The quantitative approach involves data collection through questionnaires distributed to various members of the Catholic Church. The numerical data generated from the questionnaires are then statistically analyzed to identify patterns, preferences, and common views related to the synodality and diakonia of the Church. Meanwhile, the qualitative approach involves in-depth analysis through literature study, encompassing an understanding of the concepts of synodality and diakonia of the Church, as well as a review of literature relevant to the Indonesian context. This article aims to provide a comprehensive insight into the role of the Catholic Church in addressing differences and promoting unity in the multicultural context of Indonesia. Thus, this article is expected to make a valuable contribution to the understanding and discussion of the challenges and potential of the synodality and diakonia of the Church in unifying diversity in Indonesia.

This research aims to analyze the prosody contained in Javanese using an acoustic phonetic approach. This research also uses an instrumental approach, where researchers use the Praat program to analyze the frequency, intensity, and duration of the voices of male and female Javanese speakers. Data were collected from one male Javanese speaker and one female Javanese speaker. The results of the analysis show that the frequency of the voices of male Javanese speakers tends to be lower than that of female Javanese speakers. The intensity of the voices of male Javanese speakers tends to be smaller than that of female Javanese speakers. In contrast to the frequency and intensity, the duration of the male voice is also higher than that of female voices. This research confirms that there are significant differences in vocal characteristics between male and female speakers of Javanese. These results indicate that there are distinctive linguistic patterns between the two genders in the Javanese language community.

Research on the pattern of development of empowerment of rice farmers towards income levels was carried out in Tombang Village, Walenrang District, Luwu Regency. This research was conducted from January to March 2024. The results of the study showed that rice farming in Walenrang District was profitable with variable costs of IDR 12,442,999 and fixed costs of IDR 407,471 so that the total costs incurred were IDR 12,850,470 and the production value was IDR 44,730,181 so that the net income received by farmers was IDR 31,879,711 per ha / planting season. Based on the t-test with regression analysis, the production factors that influence rice farming income in Walenrang District, namely Land area (X1), Labor costs (X2) and Capital (X3) have a significant effect on increasing production. Based on the F test on the regression analysis of production factors, the independent variables, namely land area (X1), labor costs (X2) and capital (X3), have a significant influence on increasing production in rice farming in Walenrang sub-district, Luwu district.

Data from RISKESDAS 2018 Indonesian adolescents aged 15-20 years, found that adolescents consume instant noodles or other instant foods with a prevalence of more than 1 time per day 11.2%, more than 1 to 6 times per week 67.6%, and less than 3 times per month 21.2%. This can cause health problems Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship of fast food consumption patterns with nutritional status in adolescents at SMP N 1 Ngawen. Research method: This research is a type of quantitative correlation. With a cross sectional approach. Sampling using simple random sampling obtained 89 respondents. The instrument used ffq questionnaire and tools using scales and microtoice. Data were analysed using spearman rank. Results: Characteristics of respondents in this study the majority of 14 years (36.0%), female gender 44 (49.4%), male 45 (50.6%), the majority of patterns 45 (50.6%) and consumption of the majority of nutritional status 57 (64.0%). Spearman rank results obtained a value of 0.772 (> 0.05). Conclusion: There is no relationship between fast food consumption patterns and nutritional status in adolescents at SMP N 1 Ngawen.