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Patient adherence to tuberculosis (TB) treatment is crucial for achieving a cure, preventing transmission, and avoiding cases of drug resistance. TB treatment typically involves using antibiotics for 6-9 months. Consistent compliance during this period is essential to ensure the eradication of the bacteria that cause TB. Non-compliance can result in disease recurrence and the development of drug resistance. Many factors can influence patient compliance, including drug side effects, lack of social support, patient knowledge about the disease, economic factors, and accessibility of health services. This study aims to provide an overview of the level of patient compliance in tuberculosis treatment at the Pekanbaru City Health Center. This research is a descriptive study with a cross-sectional method conducted on 37 respondents using a survey method via questionnaire. The result of the research found that 54.1% of respondents at the Pekanbaru City Health Center had a moderate level of compliance with TB treatment.

Caring is an important aspect that must be carried out by a nurse in the practice of providing nursing care. In general, caring is defined as an ability to be dedicated to others, to provide supervision by showing attention, feelings of empathy for others, feelings of love and love that must be done in providing nursing care. The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not there is a relationship between the caring attitude of nurses towards compliance with treatment control of pulmonary TB patients. This study is a quantitative study with a cross sectional approach. This sampling technique uses purposive sampling. Statistical test analysis used is chi-square using SPSS computer program. Results: The results of the bivariate test obtained a p-value of 0.033 is smaller than 0.05, which means that there is a relationship between the caring attitude of nurses towards compliance with treatment control of pulmonary TB patients. There is a relationship between the caring attitude of nurses towards compliance with treatment control of pulmonary TB patients.

The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of tannia flour and pigeon pea to produce the best snack bar with high dietary fiber and also with the good sensory. This research was an experimental study using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with a treatment ratio of tannia flour and pigeon pea were 70%:30%, 60%:40%, 50%:50%, 40%:60%, and 30%: 70%. Each treatment was repeated three times. The variables observed were moisture content, ash content, protein content, fat content, carbohydrate content, crude fiber content and sensory of snack bar (color, flavor, taste, texture). This best snack bar contains 5,31% water, 2,11% ash, 11,22% protein, 18,33% fat, 61,58% carbohydrate, 19,50% crude fiber. After getting the best snack bar with the effectiveness test, it was observed the levels of dietary fiber. Based on the results of the effectiveness test, the best treatment in this research was tannia flour and pigeon pea with ratio 30%:70%. This best snack bar contained 5.58% of fiber. The results of the sensory test of color were liking, while the flavor, taste, texture, and overall acceptance were like moderately. The results of the scoring test for color were brown, with a slightly distinctive tannia flavor, no itching taste, and a dense texture.    

Snack bar is a stick-shaped snack made from flour, seeds and nuts. This research aims to determine snack bar products made from a mixture of millet flour ad arrowroot flour with the addition of walnuts, including physical properties (L*a*b* color values), chemical properties (water, ash, fat, protein and crude fiber contents), and sensory properties based on hedonic test. This study was experimental using Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with the percentage ratio treatments of millet flour and arrowroot flour consisting of formula S1 ((20%:80%); S2(30%:70%); S3(40%:60%); and S4(50%:50%). The data obtained were processed using the Variance Analysis with a confidence level of 95% (α=0,05), and Duncan’s follow-up test. Snack bars have color values L* 41,660-52,580; color a* 6,6317-9,0667; color b* 19,9017-23,9667. The results of proximate analysis showed that snack bars contains 13,7176-17,8433 of water; 0,8459-1,4455% of ash; 5,8175-7,3264% of protein; 20,5320-24,2649% of fat; 48,7558-50,1120%; and 3,6339-5,1826% of crude fiber. Millet flour increases ash and protein content, but fat and crude fiber content decrease. Based on the hedonic test, it is known that panelists liked the taste and texture of S4 snack bar with an average score 3,94 and 3,68; while for the aroma in the treatment of S3 snack bar with an average score of 3,97 and the color in the treatment of S2 snack bar with an average score of 3,97 (hedonic test scale 1=very dislike, 2=dislike, 3=neutral, 4=like, 5=very like). Snack bars combination 30% millet flour:70% arrowroot flour have the best chemical characteristics (value 1,167) and the best sensory characteristics on snack bars from combination of 50% millet four:50% arrowroot flour (value 0,745) based on the DeGarmo effectiveness index test.

Aphasia is a communication problem caused by brain damage. This condition affects language skills in people with aphasia, resulting in obstacles in speaking, reading, writing and understanding language. This research aims to determine the development of language skills in people with aphasia and find ways to help them. The research method used is a systematic literature review (SLR) using a database from Google Scholar. The results of the research show that people with aphasia experience obstacles in understanding the meaning of language or in pronouncing words. Efforts that can be made to help aphasia sufferers include the use of information and communication technology (TIC), special education, and therapy. This research supports better and more effective treatment for people with aphasia

Neonatal maternal emergencies are a contributing cause of maternal mortality, including hypertension disorders, namely preeclampsia/eclampsia (33.07%), obstetric hemorrhage (27.03%), other obstetric complications 12.04%, infections in pregnancy (6.06%) (Indonesian Ministry of Health, 2019). Maternal mortality and morbidity can actually be reduced or prevented with various improvements in the field of obstetric health services. In Indonesia, obstetric emergency problems occur due to four delays, namely being late in recognizing danger signs and risks, being late in making a decision to seek help, being late in getting transportation to reach a more capable health service facility, and being late in getting help at a referral facility. Bangun Rejo Village is one of the villages in the Tanjung Morawa Community Health Center which has the highest risk of pregnant women compared to other villages. Involvement in decision making regarding referrals is still predominantly obtained from the family, so that family knowledge regarding emergency problems and pregnancy complications experienced by the mother greatly influences the accuracy of decision making to refer/contact a midwife/health worker so that treatment can be obtained more quickly. This activity aims to increase the knowledge of health workers, namely village midwives and cadres, in providing excellent maternal and neonatal emergency services in Bangun Rejo Village. This activity was attended by 9 midwives and 11 cadres from 11 hamlets in Bnagun Rejo Village. The results of this activity were that there was an increase in partners' knowledge before and after the intervention in the "good" category, which increased by 53% and in the "poor" category, which decreased by 53%. The initial pretest score was 45% which increased in the post test to 98%.  It is necessary to increase the knowledge and abilities of village midwives and cadres in Bnagun Rejo Village regarding maternal and neonatal emergency services.

Hypothermia is a common complication following spinal anesthesia, which can lead to more severe consequences if not detected and treated early. Early detection of hypothermia is essential for preventing additional complications, such as cardiovascular instability, delayed recovery, or prolonged hospitalization. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of providing health education in improving the early detection of hypothermia among patients after spinal anesthesia at Gemolong Regional Hospital. The research utilized a quantitative approach, applying a pre-experimental one-group pre-test and post-test design to measure the impact of the intervention. A total of 15 patients who underwent spinal anesthesia were selected as respondents and were provided with health education on recognizing the signs, risks, prevention, and treatment of hypothermia. Health education sessions were conducted through interactive presentations and written materials, emphasizing practical knowledge that could be directly applied by healthcare staff and patients. The primary data collection tool involved pre-test and post-test assessments to measure the participants' understanding of hypothermia and its management. The results indicated a significant improvement in the patients' understanding of hypothermia after receiving the health education. The average score of the post-test was noticeably higher than the pre-test, suggesting that the education effectively increased awareness and preparedness for early detection of hypothermia. This finding emphasizes the importance of integrating health education programs into clinical practice, especially for patients undergoing spinal anesthesia, to enhance early detection and reduce the risks of complications related to hypothermia.

This study aims to analyze the relationship between the educational level of tuberculosis (TB) patients and the incidence of Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in Surakarta City. The study utilized an observational analytic design with a case-control approach, involving 304 subjects, consisting of 76 MDR-TB patients and 228 non-MDR TB patients. Data were collected through surveys, and the analysis was conducted using the chi-square test. The results showed that a low educational level was significantly associated with an increased risk of MDR-TB (OR=3.26; 95% CI=1.88-5.66; p<0.001). Patients with a lower educational level were 3.26 times more likely to develop MDR-TB compared to those with higher education. This study concludes that educational level plays a crucial role in the incidence of MDR-TB and emphasizes the need for improved health education programs to enhance treatment adherence and prevent drug resistance among TB patients.    

One of the by-products that can be used as a source of fiber and antioxidants is avocado seeds. Processing avocado seeds into flour can make it easier for people to make interstitial foods, for example biscuits. Avocado seed biscuits that are rich in fiber and antioxidants are expected to be beneficial for health. This study aims to determine the effect of the right ratio of wheat and avocado seed flour on the chemical characteristics of biscuits, The study used a complete random design with the treatment of the comparison of wheat and avocado seed flour, namely F1 (100:0), F2 (90:10), F3 (80:20), F4 (70:30), F5 (60:40), F6 (50:50). The determination of the best biscuits is seen based on the parameters observed, namely: moisture content test, crude fiber test, antioxidant capacity, IC50 value. Based on the results of the analysis of various comparisons of wheat and avocado seed flour (TBA) in biscuits, it showed no real effect (p>0.05) on water content, while there was a real effect (p>0.05) on crude fiber, IC50, and antioxidant capacity.    

Juanda International Airport is an airport located in Sidoarjo, East Java Province and is one of 14 airports managed by PT. Angkasa Pura I. The operational activities of Juanda International Airport produce 1.120 /day wastewater. This study aims to determine the quality of wastewater after the treatment process and evaluate the performance of the STP (Sewage Treatment Plant). Evaluation of STP (Sewage Treatment Plant) performance is based on the existence of one unit that is not operating so that the wastewater produced can potentially not meet the predetermined quality standards. The evaluation is carried out by analyzing wastewater sample at the inlet and outlet, discharge and comparing parameter tes results with predetermined standards. The pramaters used as a reference are BOS, COD, TSS, Ammonia, and Total Coliform. The wastewater outlet produced by Juanda International Airport is in accordance with the Minister of Environment and Forestry Regulation Number 68 of 2016 concerning Domestic Wastewater Quality Standards.

Background: Postpartum hemorrhage is the main cause of maternal death in both developed and underdeveloped countries, followed by hypertension and infection. The decline in. Reducing maternal mortality must be carried out by implemnting SDGS, which is one of the targets that will be achieved.  This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the use of oxytocin injection in the treatment of postpartum hemorrhage. Methods: This type of research is a descriptive study using a retrospective case control study design that aims to determine the effectiveness of the use of oxytocin injection in the treatment of post partum bleeding at Latersia Hospital Binjai District Binjai, Binjai City North Sumatra Province  In 2024. part of the entire object under study and is considered to represent the entire population. In other words, the elements of the population are selected based on their ability to represent them (Setiadi 2016). This sampling uses a total sampling of 30 people. Data collection techniques use questionnaire sheets and respondent observation sheets. The data analysis technique used the Mann Whitney Test. Results: Based on the results of the Mann-Whitney test, it was obtained that p-value was 0.000 because p-value <0.05, it can be concluded that oxytocin injection is more effective in handling Post Partum Bleeding compared to no injection. Oxytocin in Post Partum Mothers at Latersia Hospital Binjai District Binjai, Binjai City North Sumatra Province  In 2024. Conclusion: This study means that if given oxytocin injection is more effective in handling Post Partum Bleeding compared to not given oxytocin injection in Post Partum mothers at Latersia Hospital Binjai District Binjai, Binjai City North Sumatra Province  In 2024..

So far the education system in Indonesia has not optimally implemented: classroom learning so it does not accommodate the needs of each student. It is proven that remedial learning is still in demand to increase skills outside of class hours. This condition is a serious enough problem that parents are looking for options to increase their children's abilities through tutoring. Schools in all educational units should be able to apply the concept of differential learning, namely learning that prioritizes the learning needs of age to face challenges. However, this does not mean that differentiation learning provides different treatment. In fact, every child is unique, has different styles, interests and abilities. The results of  the counseling at Kumon prove the speed of students in answering 100 questions in 5 minutes. On average, students complete their assignments. Then the child learns to the next level. If they cannot reach the time limit, students will be motivated to repeat it until they meet the minimum time limit. The mind mapping and Kumon methods have similarities

Hookworm infection remains a significant health concern, particularly in rural areas like Bone Village, Nekamese District. This community service project aimed to conduct health education and stool examinations to prevent and control tropical diseases. Stool examinations were performed on 60 samples from the Bone Village community, revealing that 2 samples tested positive for hookworm eggs, indicating the presence of hookworm infection, although the prevalence was relatively low. Following this, an interactive health education session was conducted on March 24, 2024, at the village church, involving the local community. The educational materials covered the prevention and treatment of hookworm infection, the importance of personal and environmental hygiene, and how to detect early symptoms of tropical diseases. This activity successfully raised community awareness about the importance of preventing tropical diseases and was published in the online media Kupang, reaching a broader audience. The results of the community service project demonstrated that a participatory and educational approach is effective in reducing the risk of hookworm infection and improving overall community health

Stunting is a chronic nutritional problem that has a serious impact on children's physical and cognitive development, especially in developing countries like Indonesia. This condition is caused by various factors, including poverty, lack of access to nutritious food, poor sanitation, and minimal public knowledge about nutrition and health. Intervention in Eka Mulya Village, East Mesuji District, through socialization activities for preventing and handling stunting has succeeded in increasing public understanding and awareness of the importance of balanced nutrition and good health practices. This program has shown positive results in reducing stunting rates, however, challenges in the sustainability of education programs and monitoring the implementation of health practices still need to be addressed. Therefore, strong commitment and cooperation is needed from all parties to ensure the sustainability of this program and create a significant long-term impact in efforts to improve the quality of human resources and development in the future.

This research analyzes the legal protection for informal workers within the framework of labor law in Indonesia. Informal workers, including domestic workers and others in the informal sector, often face legal uncertainty and lack adequate protections compared to formal workers. The study adopts a normative legal analysis method by referencing relevant legislative provisions. The findings indicate that although Law Number 13 of 2003 concerning Manpower provides a legal basis for protecting informal workers, its implementation remains limited. Major challenges include difficulty in identifying informal workers and their lack of awareness regarding their rights. Current protections include the right to fair wages, equitable treatment, and access to social security programs. However, there are legal gaps that need to be addressed to enhance protection for informal workers.

Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) can have a significant impact on hearing function. Recurrent middle ear infections and inflammation can damage the eardrum, hearing bones, and other auditory structures. Depending on the severity of the infection and response to treatment, temporary or permanent hearing loss may occur. People often use tools such as cotton swabs to clean the ears. The use of cotton buds can damage the ear canal. Repeated trauma can cause the ears to become inflamed. One of the symptoms of ear infections is watery ears. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the frequency and frequency of using ear swabs with symptoms of watery ears. This study is an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional approach using the Fisher chi-square exact test. The target audience of this study is students, the survey was conducted using an online Google Form, And the technique used is purposive sampling. The results of this study revealed that the study participants amounted to 245 respondents. The age group of cotton bud users is the most 20 years old (36%). Of the 245 respondents who met the inclusion criteria, 96 respondents. The frequency of using cotton buds is the most < 4 times a week (91.7%). The highest number of cotton buds used < 5 cotton buds per ear toilet (88.5%). Conclusion of the study there was a significant relationship between the frequency of cotton bud use and watery ear complaints (P value = 0.43). There was no relationship between the amount of cotton bud use and watery ear complaints (P value = 0.43).

Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a condition in which the pressure in the arteries increases. In general, this condition often does not cause symptoms, but blood pressure that is too high can increase the risk of stroke, aneurysm, heart failure, heart attack, and kidney damage. This study aims to analyze the effects of giving boiled celery water to elderly people with hypertension in Bintungan Bejangkar Village, Batahan District, Mandailing Natal Regency in 2022. This study is an experimental type with a one group pre-post test design. In this design, researchers use one group of subjects who will be observed before and after being given treatment. The study was conducted in Bintungan Bejangkar Village, Batahan District, Mandailing Natal Regency in 2022. The study population was 51 people, with a sample of 20 people selected using the Simple Random Sampling technique. The results of the study analyzed using the Wilcoxon test showed that the calculated Z value for systolic blood pressure was -2.911 with a p-value of 0.004. Based on these results, it can be concluded that giving boiled celery water has an effect on reducing blood pressure, both systolic and diastolic, in the elderly with hypertension in the Bintungan Bejangkar Village area, Batahan District, Mandailing Natal Regency in 2022.

Diabetic ulcers are one of the chronic wounds resulting from the chronic complications of diabetes mellitus. Patients with diabetes mellitus are at risk of developing diabetic foot ulcers due to their vulnerability to nerve damage (neuropathy) and peripheral vascular disease in the lower limbs. In this case, a 68-year-old male presented with a non-healing ulcer on his right foot that has been progressively enlarging for the past month. The patient reported that the ulcer is currently pus-filled and wet. Previously, he often experienced numbness and tingling. The patient has been irregular in taking his diabetes medication. The wound has continued to enlarge, severely affecting the patient's foot. Prior to his departure to Madinah, he was hospitalized in Indonesia and underwent debridement for the ulcer. Non-adherence to diabetes treatment is a major cause of complications such as diabetic foot ulcers. Maintaining blood glucose levels as close to normal as possible is crucial for improving various hyperglycemia-related factors that can impede wound healing. In addition to providing pharmacotherapy and non-pharmacotherapy, doctors play a vital role in educating patients and their families about the disease. Doctors emphasize the importance of adhering to prescribed treatments, regularly monitoring blood glucose levels to keep them under control, and providing guidance on proper wound care.  

Introduction: Knowledge of oral health is a person's ability to know everything about oral health. Actions that can be taken in oral and dental care, one of which is tooth extraction. Anxiety is most often experienced by some patients when performing dental treatment, especially when performing tooth extraction. Anxiety itself is characterized by negative feelings or emotions accompanied by body tension. In the field of dentistry, anxiety is referred to as dental anxiety. Objective of the study: To determine whether there is a relationship between the level of knowledge about tooth extraction and the patient's anxiety level. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted at the Specialized Dental Hospital (RSKDGM) in Makassar City. The method used was analytic observation with a cross sectional design. The measuring instrument used was a questionnaire designed to measure the level of knowledge and anxiety related to the tooth extraction procedure. Results: Based on the results of the Spearman correlation test, it shows a relationship value of 0.228 with a p-value of 0.038 which is smaller than 0.05 (p-value <0.05), these results indicate that there is a significant positive relationship between knowledge and anxiety. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it shows that the level of knowledge about tooth extraction has a significant relationship with the patient's anxiety level.

Family is a fundamental component in individual and societal life that builds emotional bonds between its members such as father, mother and children. The family provides a safe and harmonious environment where the roles of parents and children complement each other. However, gender inequality often occurs in families, especially towards women, due to patriarchal culture. Patriarchy is a social system that considers men as the main authority which influences the views and treatment of women in various aspects, including education and the distribution of domestic roles. Women are often thought to not need higher education or work, being assigned more to housework, while men are prioritized in education and decision making. To overcome gender inequality in the family, contextual theological efforts are needed by applying religious and moral values ​​that teach equality, justice and compassion. With religious teachings that emphasize mutual love and respect, families can create a more just and harmonious environment, where roles and responsibilities are divided based on ability, not gender. This approach aims to support equality and justice in the family, so that religious teachings can become an inspiration for positive social change, including overcoming gender inequality.