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The need for learning focuses on maximizing students' potential in facing today's global challenges. For this reason, a learning model that is in accordance with the demands is needed, one of which is to use the Problem Based Learning model and CTL-based teaching materials. The purpose of this study is to determine the increase in learning motivation and cognitive learning outcomes of students. This research is classroom action research. The subjects of this study were class X.1 students with a total of 36 students. While the object of this study is the motivation and cognitive learning outcomes of students after participating in learning by applying PBL learning models and CTL-based teaching materials. This type of research is Classroom Action Research (PTK) with a qualitative approach to students. The results showed that student motivation in Cycle 2 increased compared to Cycle 1, which was shown by the average value of Cycle 2 of 88.19% (very good), higher than Cycle 1 only reaching 77.07% (good). Likewise, the cognitive results of cycle 2 students also increased by 91.66% and cycle 1 by 83.33%.

The aim of this research is to find out: (1) how children's cognitive development at TKIT El – Banna Sibuhuan is, (2) the influence of number card media on children's cognitive abilities at TKIT El – Banna Sibuhuan. This research is quantitative research with the type of experimental research. The research design used a one-group pretest-posttest type pre-experiment. The instruments used consist of observation, documentation and tests. The data analysis technique uses descriptive statistics and carries out a "t" test.The results of the research show that: (1) The implementation of number card media at TKIT El – Banna Sibuhuan is going well. This can be seen from the results of observations during the pretest which obtained an average of 38.81, while at the posttest stage the average observation results obtained were 38.81. 46.68. Based on these results, there was a very significant increase from the pretest observation results to the posttest observation results. (2) The results of the "t" test calculation obtained tcount = 0.262 when compared with ttable at a confidence level of 95% or an error rate of 5% with degrees of freedom (db) = N – k = 16 – 1 = 15 obtained ttable = 2.042. If the value of tcount = 0.262 is compared with ttable = 2.042 then it is known that tcount is smaller than ttable, (0.262<2.042). This means that the proposed hypothesis is accepted as true. This means that there is a significant influence between number card media on children's cognitive abilities at TKIT El – Banna Sibuhuan, Barumun District, Padang Lawas Regency.

This paper aims to present an in-depth psychological analysis of the novel "Kisah dan Hujan Pun Berhenti" by a renowned author. In this work of literature, the author explores the psychological aspects of the main characters who face various issues and conflicts in their lives. This research utilizes various psychological theories to understand the psychological changes of these characters and how they respond to various events in the story. The analysis encompasses character development, internal and external conflicts, mental disorders, and the influence of the environment and weather on the psychological well-being of the characters. Additionally, this paper delves into the symbolism and metaphors that may be contained within the novel, providing additional insights into the psychological aspects of the story. The results of the analysis show that the characters in "Kisah dan Hujan Pun Berhenti" undergo significant changes throughout the narrative, reflecting psychological aspects such as personal growth, inner conflicts, and how they cope with trauma or difficulties. The environment and weather also play a vital role in portraying the characters' emotions and driving the plot. This research offers a deeper understanding of how psychology plays a central role in shaping the narrative and characters in this work of literature. In conclusion, the novel presents the complexity of human life and invites readers to contemplate the psychological aspects of the journey.

Kegiatan bermain di sekolah memberikan dampak yang baik pada banyak aspek seperti kesehatan anak melalui aktivitas fisik, aspek kognitif yang membantu anak mengenal lingkungan sekitar, hingga pada aspek sosial melalui komunikasi antar anak dan tenaga pengajar. Elemen lingkungan outdoor sekolah dasar menyediakan ruang yang dapat digunakan anak untuk melakukan eksplorasi berbagai macam permainan, tetapi dengan layout yang dimiliki saat ini oleh sekolah dasar negeri masih terdapat limitasi khususnya pada penyediaan playground. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pemanfaatan ruang outdoor sekolah dasar sebagai ruang bermain anak pada jam istirahat. Penelitian dilakukan di SDN Gondolayu, Yogyakarta melalui metode behavior mapping yang menghasilkan temuan yang menunjukkan bahwa adanya perbedaan pemanfaatan ruang oleh anak laki-laki dan perempuan serta perbedaan aktivitas bermain oleh anak dalam kelompok usia kelas rendah (kelas 1-3) dengan kelompok usia yang lebih tua (kelas 4-6).

At pre-school age, parents generally pay significant attention to their development, especially in aspects of children's development. This happens because pre-school age is a golden age which is often called the golden age. Cognitive development cannot take place optimally without stimulus or incentives given to pre-school children. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of health education on parents' cognitive abilities in stimulating the growth and development of preschool children at Paud At-Taufiq Manado. This research method uses a design with a One Group Pre Test - Post Test Design approach. The population in the study was 32 respondents using the Total Sampling technique, the research used questionnaire sheets and Sap. The results of the research using the paired T-test obtained a P value (0.000) or < α (0.05), which means that there is an influence of health education on parents' cognitive abilities in stimulating the growth and development of preschool children at At-Taufiq Manado Paud. The conclusion in this research is that there is a cognitive influence of parents in stimulating the growth and development of pre-school children. At At-Taufik Paud Manado. It is hoped that the results of this research can provide knowledge to parents.

Toddler problems are prone to nutritional health problems, at that time is an important period in the process of toddler growth and development. If the required intake does not meet then toddlers will have less nutritional status. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of booklet media education with maternal cognitive abilities in feeding toddlers. The study was conducted using pre-experimental research method design (one-group pretest-posttest) The sample in this study as many as 15 subjekts were taken using purposive sampling in s research instrument using SAP, leaflets and questionnaires. Furthermore, the collected data was processed using the SPSS program computer version 16.0 to be analyzed with Mc. Nemar's nonparametric test with a meaning level (α) of 0.05. The results of this study show that there is an influence of education with booklet media on the cognitive ability of mothers in feeding todler-aged children in the working area of the wori health center in Manado City. with the value of p = 0.016 it can be said that Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected and it is concluded that Ha has an educational influence with booklet media on the cognitive ability of mothers in food production in toddler-aged children in the work area of the wori health center. The conclusion in this study is the influence of education with booklet media on the cognitive ability of mothers in food production in toddler-aged children in the work area of the wori health center. Suggestions are expected to add useful insight and knowledge about booklet media education on cognitive abilities

Demensia merupakan kelainan yang menyebabkan seseorang mengalami kehilangan kognitif yang meliputi daya ingat, IQ, dan aktivitas sehari-hari. Fungsi kognitif menurun akibat kerusakan morfologi dan biokimia pada saraf. Aktivitas fisik akan lebih efektif jika dipadukan dengan berbagai rangsangan lainnya. (Nur Sukma, et al, 2020). Tujuannya untuk mengetahui pengaruh Brain Gym dan Multi-Exercise (Square Stepping exsercise dan Pazzel) dalam meningkatkan fungsi kognitif pada Kondisi Demensia. Metode penelitian pra-eksperimental. Sampel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi berjumlah 15 orang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Desain penelitiannya adalah one-group pretest-posttest. Dilaksanakan selama 4 minggu dan 3 kali pertemuan. Hasil : Uji hipotesis menggunakan uji Unpaired t test dengan nilai p=0,0017 artinya p<0,05 (lebih kecil dari 0,05) yang berarti Ha diterima dan Ho ditolak yang berarti terdapat pengaruh Brain Gym dan Multi-Exercise terhadap peningkatan kognitif pada siswa. ukuran. Kesimpulan Terdapat pengaruh pemberian Brain Gym dan Multi-Exercise dari kombinasi latihan dan terdapat peningkatan kognitif pada demensia.

Psychoeducation is the provision of information and development in the form of public education as information from simple psychology or other things and can influence the psychosocial welfare of society. Family psychoeducation therapy or Family Psychoeducation is a therapy that involves the family in a treatment program by providing education through therapeutic communication. Cognitive Behavior Therapy is a combination of two approaches in psychotherapy, namely the focus in cognitive therapy is on thoughts, assumptions, beliefs, facilitating individuals to learn to recognize and change errors in thinking or irrational thoughts into rational ones. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of psychoeducation on the ability of families to care for mental disorders patients at RSJ Prof. Dr. V. L. Ratumbusang Minahasa. The research method uses the pre-Experiment Design method with a One Group Pre-Post Test approach. Samples were taken based on the number of 15 respondents using accidental sampling. Data collection uses SAP and questionnaire sheets. Next, the collected data was processed using the SPSS version 16.0 computer program and statistical tests were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test with a significance level (α=0.05). The results of research using the Wilcoxon test showed that this value was smaller than the significant value of (0.001<0.05). The results of this study showed that Ha was accepted and H0 was rejected. The conclusion in this research is that there is an influence of Psychoeducation on the Cognitive Ability of Families Caring for Mentally Disordered Patients at RSJ Prof. Dr. V. L. Ratumbuysang Minahasa. It is hoped that nurses will be able to carry out psychoeducational actions for families to improve the client's and family's abilities in caring for patients with mental disorders.

The elderly is a process of the final stage of human life that will be lived by everyone. Cognitive function indicates the process of receiving, organizing and interpreting stimulus sensors to think and solve problems. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between cognitive ability and the level of independence of Activity Of Daily Living (ADL) in the elderly in Singkil 1 sub-district 6 Manado city This research uses a correlational analytical method with the approach used is a time series, which is a type of data consisting of variables collected according to time sequence in a certain time span. The sample of this study amounted to 42 respondents using the Purposive Sampling technique. Data collection was taken using questionnaire sheets. Furthermore, the data that has been collected is then analyzed using the Chi-square statistical test with a significant level (α) of 0.05 The results showed that the most respondents' gender was women, namely 35 respondents with a percentage (83.3%), the most respondents did not attend school, namely 28 respondents with a percentage (66.7%), the most respondents' jobs as IRT were 35 respondents with a percentage (83.3%), and the results of statistical tests found a significant relationship between cognitive function and the level of independence of the elderly with p-value = 0.002

Physical and cognitive development in middle childhood undergoes many significant changes. Children at this age develop problem-solving skills, abstract thinking, and language development in cognitive aspects. They have the ability to understand the concepts of time and space, as well as improve their reading and writing skills. At this stage, physical development includes rapid body growth, muscle strengthening, and improved motor coordination. Children usually experience rapid height growth and organ development. Physical activities and activities involving movement are becoming increasingly important for achieving an optimal level of physical fitness. These two components are interrelated, and good physical health can support cognitive development. Positive simulations, environmental factors, and education also played an important role in shaping the holistic development of the time.        

This research discusses efforts to introduce cognitive learning theory into the 2013 curriculum in the educational environment. Her research focus is on understanding how key principles of cognitive learning theory, including concepts such as information processing, knowledge construction, and the development of higher-order thinking skills, can be integrated into new curriculum structures. Research methods include analysis of official 2013 curriculum documents, interviews with teachers, and observation of classroom learning practices. The results show that although real efforts have been made to adopt the principles of cognitive learning theory, their implementation still faces certain challenges. Limited resources, teacher understanding of cognitive concepts, and adaptation of learning materials are several important factors that influence successful implementation. Therefore, this research provides recommendations for improving teacher training, adapting learning materials, and increasing resource support so that the 2013 curriculum more effectively achieves students' cognitive learning goals.

This journal discusses cognitive development during early childhood. The aim of writing the journal is to find out how cognitive development occurs during early childhood, the advantages of cognitive development during early childhood, as well as language abilities and other cognitive abilities. The method used is literature study, namely by searching for materials and references from books, journals and articles. The results show that the early childhood period is called preoperational, this period starts from the age of 2 to 7 years. Preoperational uses symbols, categorization, and numbers. Other cognitive abilities are life, death, bodily functions, space, weight, numbers, time, social impressions, beauty and cuteness.

Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kemampuan guru dalam melakukan penilaian pada aspek kognitif, afektif, dan psikomotorik. Pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini dilaksanakan di kelas VII SMP Negeri Gudang Arang Merauke dengan total jumlah peserta12 orang guru bidang studi. Adapun guru bidang studi yang terlibat yakni guru Bahasa Indonesia, guru matematika, guru Pendidikan agama, guru olahraga, guru IPA. Dengan adanya kegiatan pengabdian ini para guru dapat memahami teknik penilaian dan dapat melakukan penilaian secara tepat. Pengabdian ini memberikan kontribusi pada semua pelajaran karena setiap pelajaran tentunya melakukan penilaian kepada siswa. Pengabdian ini dilakukan dalam bentuk workshop yang meliputi sosialisasi dalam bentuk pelatihan dan pendampingan serta diakhiri dengan diskusi bersama. Hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah para guru dapat memahami dengan baik pentingnya sebuah penilain jika dilakukan secara objektif pada ketiga aspek kognitif, afektif, dan psikomotorik.  

Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) is a major cardiovascular problem because it causes high rates of hospitalization and mortality. The clinical manifestations of ACS are that the patient feels pain and discomfort that is not specific in the chest and legs radiating to the neck, left shoulder and arms and back then accompanied by cold sweat, nausea, vomiting, weakness and dizziness and can faint which occurs suddenly with high intensity.  Objective: To find out the results of applying Thermotherapy therapy to relieve chest pain in patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome. Moewardi Surakarta. Method: This type of research is a descriptive case study. The application was carried out on 2 patients selected by purposive sampling method with inclusion and exclusion criteria. Thermotherapy is carried out for 10-20 minutes 1x/day for 3 days. The research instrument used SOP foot massage, hemodynamic status observation sheets, and informed consent. Results: After being given the application to both respondents for 1 time a day for 3 consecutive days, a decrease in the level of the chest pain scale was found in the patient Mr. S with a pain scale level before being carried out by Thermotherapy therapy, severe pain and after being carried out by Thermotherapy therapy for 1 time in 3 consecutive days to mild pain. Meanwhile, in the patient Mr. A with the level of pain scale before the Thermotherapy therapy is severe pain and after the Thermotherapy therapy is done for 1 time in 3 consecutive days it becomes mild pain. Conclusion: there is a reduction in the chest pain scale in patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome at RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta after being given thermotherapy.

Education is a very important level for every individual, especially at the golden age, early childhood education is the first education for children before they enter a higher level of education such as elementary school. To prepare things and various intelligences possessed by children, especially cognitive intelligence, effective and interesting learning methods are held, one method that is suitable for early childhood learning is the repetitive or repetition method. This method is applied to early childhood in Citeureup Village, precisely in the Sumurjaya Village, for early childhood to be provisioned when they enter elementary school education. The purpose of applying this repetitive method is so that pre-school children in the Sumur Jaya village are more mature and ready to go to elementary school. The research method used in this research is qualitative. The result after this research was carried out, there was a significant change in the introduction of learning for early childhood

Anxiety is a normal emotion that everyone has. Anxiety appears as a brain response to stress that warns of potential danger. Problems arise if the anxiety occurs continuously and even interferes with life. Anxiety like this can have a bad impact on body health and this is what is called an anxiety disorder. To reduce this anxiety problem, deep breathing relaxation and cognitive therapy can be done. The aim of community service is to find out about the application of the Si Mas Latif application (Overcoming Anxiety with Relaxation and Cognitive Therapy), in people who experience psychosocial anxiety problems at the Kertasemaya Health Center, Indramayu Regency.The method used is to create an application that can be used as a guide in overcoming anxiety using deep breathing therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy and outreach to program holders and the community using health services.Result: availability of the Si Mas Latif application (Overcoming Anxiety with Relaxation and Cognitive Therapy) and this application has been in HKI and socialization has been carried out to the Kertasemaya Community Health Center program holders.

Kemampuan penalaran matematis adalah kemampuan yang dinilai penting dimiliki siswa dalam mempelajari matematika. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita SPLDV. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode tes dan wawancara. Berdasarkan hasil pekerjaan siswa terhadap soal tes, siswa dibagi menjadi tiga kelompok kemampuan kognitif yaitu tinggi, sedang, dan rendah, masing-masing kelompok dipilih satu orang untuk dijadikan subjek penelitian. Dengan demikian subjek penelitian ini ada tiga orang yaitu siswa dengan kemampuan kognitif tinggi (T), sedang (S), dan rendah (R). Indikator pertama penalaran matematis yaitu mengajukan dugaan mampu dipenuhi oleh subjek T, S, dan R. Indikator kedua penalaran matematis yaitu manipulasi matematika mampu dipenuhi oleh subjek T dan subjek S. Indikator ketiga penalaran matematis yaitu memberikan bukti dan alasan terhadap solusi yang dioeroleh hanya mampu dipenuhi oleh subjek T. Indikator keempat penalaran matematis yaitu menarik kesimpulan tidak dapat dipenuhi oleh ketiga subjek.

An elderly person is someone who has reached the age of 60 years and over. One of the health problems that often occurs in the elderly is a decline in memory, learning and cognitive abilities in the elderly which causes them to have difficulty interacting and being difficult to understand. Conditions that affect cognitive abilities in the elderly are called dementia. Dementia is a chronic and progressive decline in memory and thinking function, causing disruption of functional activities. Nursing interventions that can be given to the elderly to improve cognitive function in the occurrence of dementia include brain gymnastics. The case study design used is descriptive research. The method used to collect data is using the Android-based MMSE (Mini Mental State Examination), namely MEFuKo (MMSE for Cognitive Function) to determine the level of dementia in the elderly. Brain exercise therapy (brain gym) is carried out for 7 consecutive days, 1 meeting per day with a duration of 15 minutes. Subject I's MMSE score before brain exercise therapy was 16 (presence of definite cognitive impairment) increased to 19 (presence of probable cognitive impairment) and there was an increase of 3 in total MMSE scores. The MMSE score in subject II before brain exercise therapy was 19 (possible cognitive impairment), after therapy the MMSE score became 23 (probable cognitive impairment) and there was an increase of 4 in total MMSE scores. The more activities you do, the less likely it is that seniors will experience a decline in cognitive function. The conclusion is that there was an increase in cognitive function in the two case study subjects which illustrate the application of brain gym therapy to cognitive function in elderly people with dementia. Brain exercise therapy is recommended to improve working memory function which can improve the quality of life of the elderly.  

Analisa transaksional adalah perilaku perilaku – aktivitas pendukung kognitif untuk mengoptimalkan ego individu – setiap ego individu menggerakkan hidup kita sesuai dengan pikiran, dan kita dibatasi pada panca indera, pikiran dan intelek (akal), dan juga mengidentifikasi diri kita dengan istilah-istilah sampai taraf tertentu. Sehingga perlu diatasi agar dapat membantu siswa dalam memahami dirinya, yaitu status status ego yang dapat diturunkan dalam menjalankan perannya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh informasi umum dari informasi Status Ego Siswa Kelas IX SMP Negeri 1 Bonjol. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskripti dengan bentuk penelitian survei. Sampel penelitian ini berjumlah 40 siswa. Hasil analisis menunjukkan siswa kelas IX SMP Negeri 1 Bonjol mencapai hasil 58% ego anak dengan kategori “Rendah”, 96% ego orang dewasa dengan kategori “Tinggi” dan ego orang tua 91% dengan kategori “Tinggi”. kategori.

This research was conducted to find out the impact of mathematics learning on the cognitive abilities and life skills of elementary school students. This research uses a questionnaire to find out how they have learned mathematics. This research uses a qualitative approach by utilizing a questionnaire as an instrument. The distribution contained 15 questionnaire statements given to 18 class VI students. The results of the analysis show that most mathematics learning has a positive impact on students' cognitive and life skills. Through mathematics lessons, students can hone their ability to think critically, systematically, so that they can solve problems from the questions they are given and problems found in everyday life. Although there are still many who do not feel the benefits of mathematics itself.