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Writing is significantly essential for English as a foreign language and English as a second language. Students’ language learning has constantly been regarded as essential ability contributing to English learning. The purpose of this study was analyze factors contributing to students’ difficulties in paragraph writing course based on the students’ perceptions. This study used a descriptive qualitative method. The instruments used were interview and documentation. This study, the participants’ answers were purposive sampling and analyzed descriptively. The participants were 60 students who were taking paragraph writing course in second semester academic year 2022/2023 in English Language Education Program  at IAIN Palangka Raya. The data analysis procedure of the research analysis were data condensation, demonstration, and verifying conclusion. The overall result based on the questionnaire, students found difficulties to use grammar. Based on the findings, there were two factors that caused students’ difficulties in writing. The two factors were internal and external. Internal factors consisted of self-motivation, self-confidence, lack of knowledge and feeling of under pressure External factors consisted of the teacher’s teaching style, classroom atmosphere, materials, and writing aspects. This research hopefully can help lecture in developing appropriate teaching techniques in writing and minimize students' difficulties in paragraph writing course.

This research aims to produce a mobile learning media product using an articulate storyline application on human circulatory system material that is feasible and can be used by students at SMA Negeri 1 Amurang. Mobile learning media using the articulate storyline application is needed by school teachers to help during the learning process. This type of research is Research and Development / R&D development research using the ADDIE model. This model, as the name suggests, is Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation. The test instrument in this research is the product validity results from material and media experts. The data analysis techniques used are qualitative and quantitative approaches. The results of this research: 1) Development of mobile learning media using the articulate storyline application on the circulatory system material. 2) The quality of mobile learning aids on human circulatory system material is excellent. The assessment results from learning material experts obtained a feasibility percentage score of 85% for the very valid category. The assessment results from learning media experts obtained a feasibility percentage score of 89.9% for the very valid category. The response of students in class XI MIPA was in the perfect/exciting criteria with a percentage of 87.5%. It was concluded that the mobile learning media using the articulate storyline application on the circulatory system material at SMA Negeri 1 Amurang is very suitable to be used as a source of teaching material in the learning process.

The role of the teacher is a person who occupies a position and plays an important role in the world of education. Teachers act as mentors in their duties, namely educating. Catholic religious teachers in their duties and roles carry out multiple missions, namely as preachers and educators. As a preacher, a Catholic religious teacher takes part of the prophetic task of proclaiming the news of God's Salvation. While as an educator, the task of PAK teachers is to lead students to maturity both physical maturity and spiritual maturity. the research used in this study is descriptive qualitative, with the aim of analyzing how the role of PAK in the education of faith and character of children at school with data analysis techniques using the Miles and Huberman model. The emphasis of Catholic religious teacher education leads to three aspects, namely knowledge, skills, and attitudes that occur in the teaching and learning process systematically. So that character education is expected to be able to form a generation whose existence provides the widest possible benefit to the surrounding environment. Character education in essence is to form a nation that is resilient, competitive, noble, moral, tolerant, mutual cooperation, political spirit, dynamically developing, science and technology oriented, all of which are imbued with faith and piety to God Almighty based on Pancasila.

Education plays a central role in community development and the enhancement of human resources. In the rapidly evolving digital era, information and communication technology has significantly transformed the education landscape. Technology has become an integral part of the teaching and learning process in schools, bringing both challenges and significant opportunities. Particularly at the Junior High School (SMP) level, subjects like Mathematics, Natural Sciences (IPA), Physics, and Chemistry play a central role in shaping students' foundational knowledge. However, students often have varying levels of understanding and different learning styles. This poses a challenge for teachers trying to meet the diverse learning needs of their students. The use of the same linear teaching methods for all students is often ineffective in such a context. In this research, we employed a literature review methodology. This approach helps summarize and synthesize existing knowledge on the role of technology in enhancing student motivation in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) education. By analyzing trends, findings, and patterns emerging from related literature, we can establish a strong knowledge base for this research. The adaptive learning approach, leveraging technology, has emerged as an intriguing solution. This approach allows for real-time analysis of student learning data and the adjustment of content, material, or teaching methods to suit individual needs. The research highlights the primary benefits of adaptive learning, such as personalized content adjustment, enhanced student motivation, more efficient monitoring and evaluation, and time savings in achieving better understanding. However, the research also acknowledges several challenges, including uneven technology infrastructure, the need for teacher training, and student data protection. Nevertheless, this research emphasizes the importance of adaptive learning in the context of STEM education at the SMP level in the digital era, while recognizing the need for further research to explore the potential of technology in enhancing the quality of education at this level.  

This research is research and development (R&D) which aims to develop negotiation text teaching materials through LKPD assisted by the Power Director Application for Class X YPIS High School students. Maju Binjai which is valid. The development model used is the Borg and Gall model, where in this research the researcher limits development to the development stage. From the stages that have been carried out, the results obtained are that students at YPIS Maju Binjai High School are very interested in using products in learning. "Development of Student Worksheets (LKPD) for Negotiation Texts Assisted by the Power Director Application for Class X YPIS High School Students. Maju Binjai” The research results show that the research results “are included in the “very feasible” category. Presentation of LKPD with material validation score of 83.6%, media 93.3%, teacher assessment 97.5%, student response 86.71%. So the percentage obtained is included in the "very feasible" category, which means "valid" to be used as an LKPD for negotiation texts.

  This study aims to find out the problems faced by student-teachers in implementing online learning. A case study was chosen as the research design because the current research focused on understanding the issues faced by teaching practicum students in improving their performance when teaching using the online learning strategies. The researcher collected data through three types of data collection techniques, namely, interviews, observation, and document analysis. The results of this study show that online learning is not effective and cannot run well in learning activities in online classes. Furthermore, the results of data analysis show that students cannot develop appropriate and interesting online learning materials because they do not fully know how to develop appropriate materials due to the absence of special training for them to be able to teach and develop suitable and interesting materials during online learning activities. The findings also show that the use of online learning platforms has an effect on students' teaching performance because the lack of student participation in the implementation of online classes is more felt by students. The implication of this study is that it is crucial for educational institutions to provide comprehensive training and support in utilizing diverse online platforms for teaching purposes, ensuring that students are equipped with the necessary skills to deliver high-quality virtual instruction.    

The purpose of this study was to determine the learning interest of students in the class of SMK Negeri 5 Padang and the factors that influence students' interest in dance at SMK Negeri 5 Padang. This type of research is qualitative research with a descriptive approach. This research instrument is the researcher himself and is assisted by supporting equipment such as stationery, mobile phones and recorders. Data collection techniques through literature study, observation, interviews and documentation. The stages of exploratory analysis are data collection, data reduction, data presentation and conclusions. The lack of student interest in learning outside Dance in the material of the cultural arts teacher of SMK Negeri 5 Padang did not update the teaching material and also did not change the teaching method. Factors that influence students' interest in non-dance education at SMK Negeri 5 Padang are internal and external factors.

The principal's leadership strategy plays a central role in shaping the success of improving the quality of education in a school. The aim of this research is to reveal the strategies used by school principals to improve the quality of Islamic religious education at SMA Negeri 7 Kepahiang. To achieve the above objectives, this research uses a qualitative methodology using descriptive techniques. The data required for the research effort was obtained through the use of observation, interview, and document analysis techniques. The focus of this research is related to school principals. The results of this research illustrate that there are six strategies that have been implemented by the principal to improve the quality of Islamic religious education at SMA Negeri 7 Kepahiang, including steps such as internal improvement, an effective supervision system, evaluation in the teaching and learning process, strengthening teacher discipline, promotion, and improvement of facilities and infrastructure. Thus, the leadership of the school principal is the main element in achieving success in advancing the quality of education.

This research focuses on developing a teaching module for poetry material with a contextual approach in the Independent Curriculum for class X students at SMK N 1 Percut Sei Tuan for the 2022/2023 academic year. The results of the author's interviews with several students at SMKN 1 Percut Sei Tuan show that students lack confidence in learning to write poetry, and students are even less interested in poetry material. This is proven by the level of student learning focus, namely only 40% of all students are focused during the teaching and learning process. Apart from that, the lack of references for vocabulary and ideas that will be expressed when learning to write poetry is also one of the obstacles experienced by students. The researcher took research samples from three classes, namely TKJ 1 with 32 students, TKJ 2 with 32 students, and TKJ 3 with 32 students, so the total sample was 96 people. The type of research carried out in this research uses the research and development (RnD) method. The validation results from material experts and design experts on the teaching materials developed show the "feasible" category. The feasibility percentage can be detailed in the form of material expert validation results, a percentage of 98%. Validation from design experts obtained a percentage of 83% which was categorized as very feasible.

This research is based on the Teaching Campus Program which is a form of teaching assistance to empower students to help with the learning process in elementary schools. This qualitative research aims to explain the process of implementing the Teaching Campus Program Policy at SD Negei Billa an Proppo Pamekasan Madura. The methods used in this research are interviews and documentation. The focus of this research is the management of the Teaching Campus program by the university's MBKM team, the role of the District/City Education Office in the Teaching Campus program, as well as the role of schools and students in implementing the program. Documentation studies were obtained through the Teaching Campus guidebook and program policy files. Based on the research results, it shows that program management is lacking at the evaluation stage by the MBKM team, the role of the Education Department and program implementation carried out by students is quite good. The school gave a positive response to the program implemented by students. As well as teaching campuses for education and non-education students who are considered to have differences in the realization of work programs.

Training on the utilization of the Genially application as an innovative digital-based learning media for teachers at SMP Negeri 6 Inamosol, West Seram Regency, is an important initiative in improving the quality of education in the region. The training method consists of 3 steps, namely preparation (correspondence and coordination and needs analysis), implementation (socialization and training/practical and mentoring) and evaluation (testimony and post test). The training participants consisted of 10 people. The results showed that the training participants were very enthusiastic and able to create a variety of learning media with the Genelly application. This was also evident from the testimonials of 10 teachers who felt that the topics given were very interesting, and the training material for developing digital-based learning media with the Genelly application as a medium in the teaching and learning process was very useful. With this training, it is expected that teachers will become agents of change in improving the quality of education in West Seram Regency through the effective use of digital technology.

This study aims to examine the effect of emotional quotient, spiritual quotient, learning behavior and teaching methods of lecturers on the level of understanding of student accounting. This research was conducted on undergraduate students of the Accounting Study Program, Faculty of Economics at Islamic University of Majapahit and STIE AMM Mataram. This type of research is associative quantitative research. The population used in this study were all accounting study program students, totaling 1.460 respondents. The sample used was 100 respondents with Slovin formula as the sampling  technique. Data collection techniques using a questionnaire, with a Likert scale as a measuring tool. Data analysis in this study was linear regression analysis with the help of SmartPLS version 3.0 software. The results of this study indicate that emotional intelligence has no significant positive effect on the level of understanding of accounting, spiritual intelligence has a significant positive effect on the level of understanding of accounting, learning behavior has a significant positive effect on the level of understanding of accounting. accounting, lecturer teaching methods have no significant positive effect on the level of understanding of accounting.

This community service aims to provide assistance in reciting the Qur'an using the tilawati method at the Taqwa Mosque in Lubuk Sikaping. Qur'anic learning at the Taqwa Mosque is not effective, due to the lack of motivation and teaching methods used by the teaching teachers. One of the proposed solutions is to use the tilawati method to increase children's motivation and ability to read the Qur'an. The method used in this community service is PAR (Participatory Action Research), which involves a practical approach and direct assistance. The results of this community service are that the students began to be enthusiastic about learning to read the Qur'an, especially with the introduction of several rhythms of reading the Qur'an, they became addicted to continuing to repeat the recitation of the Qur'anic verses until the rhythm was in accordance with what they had been taught. The teachers and students, in practice, showed good skills and acceptance of the tilawati method in reading the Qur'an. Therefore, based on the results of this community service, it can be seen that the tilawati method can be used as one of the methods in learning the Qur'an at the Taqwa Mosque TPA Jambak Lubuk Sikaping.

Lack of reading comprehension skills can make motivation low, indeed in spite of the fact that one of the vital viewpoints that must be aced in rudimentary school instruction is nice perusing abilities. This think about points to depict the increment in inspiration for perusing comprehension abilities with the BACA (Learning to Examined) program. The method of literature study as a source of information and direct observation and observation to the field. Activity planning and implementation of activities there are main things that must be fulfilled to encourage student motivation in reading, namely: introducing the letters of the alphabet to students, teaching the pronunciation of vowels, teaching patent sentences in the middle and at the end, etc. Increasing motivation for reading skills with the BACA program has a positive impact on homeroom teachers and student guardians as well as students who take part in the program because the teaching and learning process is fun and not boring. However, the main role to encourage and encourage children is parents, because parental encouragement makes children feel closer and guiding children in the learning process at home can create good communication between children and parents.

The purpose of this study is to catalogue the art and music culture education approaches that are in use at SMA Negeri 2 Lubuk Basung. Aspects such as learning objectives, learning materials, methods, musical instruments, learning processes, and evaluation are examined in the musical arts learning activities. The participants in this qualitative descriptive study are SMA Negeri 2 Lubuk Basung eighth-grade students. The researcher assumes the role of the research instrument, supplemented by auxiliary tools such as mobile phones, cameras, and stationery. Data collection was conducted through a systematic review of pertinent literature, observation, interviews, and documentation. Data collection, data classification, data clarification, data analysis, data description, and data conclusion are all components of data analysis techniques. The findings of the study indicate that the teaching modules in the independent curriculum do not provide comprehensive guidance for learning planning, which is influenced by various conditions. Research findings indicate that music culture instructors at SMA Negeri 2 Lubuk Basung have implemented music arts learning strategies consisting of five stages: learning preparation strategies, learning management strategies, strategies for utilising learning media, strategies for implementing model methods and learning approaches, strategies for motivating students, and strategies for evaluative purposes. The purpose of this study is to catalogue the art and music culture education approaches that are in use at SMA Negeri 2 Lubuk Basung. Aspects such as learning objectives, learning materials, methods, musical instruments, learning processes, and evaluation are examined in the musical arts learning activities. The participants in this qualitative descriptive study are SMA Negeri 2 Lubuk Basung eighth-grade students. The researcher assumes the role of the research instrument, supplemented by auxiliary tools such as mobile phones, cameras, and stationery. Data collection was conducted through a systematic review of pertinent literature, observation, interviews, and documentation. Data collection, data classification, data clarification, data analysis, data description, and data conclusion are all components of data analysis techniques. The results of the research suggest that the instructional modules within the self-directed curriculum fail to offer exhaustive direction for the process of learning planning, which is subject to a multitude of factors. Research findings indicate that music culture instructors at SMA Negeri 2 Lubuk Basung have implemented music arts learning strategies consisting of five stages: learning preparation strategies, learning management strategies, strategies for utilising learning media, strategies for implementing model methods and learning approaches, strategies for motivating students, and strategies for evaluative purposes.

This study aims to describe the process of implementing bansi music learning in grade VIII.1 at SMP Pertiwi 2 Padang. This type of research is qualitative research with a descriptive approach. This research instrument is the researcher himself and is assisted by supporting instruments in the form of stationery and cameras. Data collection techniques are carried out by observation, interviews, documentation studies and literature studies. The steps of analyzing data are collecting data, describing the data and inferring the data. The results showed that the implementation of learning was in accordance with the teaching modules, in the learning process teachers had prepared modules and teaching aids. In the first meeting explaining the concept of traditional music, the second meeting students understood the functions and types of traditional musical instruments and played traditional musical instruments in groups, it was seen that there were still many students who could not play traditional musical instruments. Lack of classroom management and the methods used by teachers in teaching are not appropriate. Where the teacher uses the lecture method so that students get bored easily at the time of learning .and at the third meeting the teacher conducts an individual assessment of the learners, At the time of the evaluation carried out the teacher has also asked whether the students understand the material or not, then the teacher has also practiced repeatedly playing the traditional bansi musical instrument.

Working and studying from home are demands that must be made at this time, since the Covid-19 pandemic due to the Corona virus. Schools were closed, teaching and learning activities were shifted online at home. Because of this demand, many teachers and parents are required to start adapting to remote teaching and learning activities, using technology. Bridging this, many applications are used for learning. Google provides a special website for teaching and learning activities for school students, in the Indonesian version. With this facility, anyone, including teachers, can create internal project hubs, team sites, publicly displayed sites, and more. Everything is done without the help of designers, programmers and IT. This training is for teachers who are still unclear (look confused) how to operate Canva to support distance learning between teachers and students to make it more interesting and fun.

The team teaching approach in madrasah ibtidaiyah (MI) is often considered effective in improving the quality of learning, but empirical evidence on its impact on student discipline and focus is still limited in the context of basic Islamic education. This study uses a qualitative design of a case study in class II of MI Unggulan Al Muhammad Cepu. Primary data sources include participant observations, in-depth interviews with two teachers of the teaching team and six purposive students, as well as secondary data such as collaborative lesson plans and teacher reflections. The purpose of the study is to analyze the effectiveness of team teaching in improving student discipline and focus on learning. The results showed that the symbiotic-asymmetrical collaboration between the Core Guides and the Response Facilitators created a pauseless instructional flow, reduced extrinsic cognitive load (time-on-task by an average of 85%), and transformed the discipline from external control to relational-proactive co-regulation that is in line with Islamic ta'dib. These findings have practical implications for MI teacher training.

This research aims to ensure accuracy, ease of use, and effectiveness in the learning module development process which aims to increase understanding of the content of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia (UUD 1945). In this research, research and development (R&D) methods are used using the ADDIE development model, namely analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. In the research results, it is known that the results of expert validation of teaching materials obtained a score of 96% and validation of material experts obtained a score of 91%. In the practicality results obtained from the response questionnaire to teachers and students after using the teaching modules used, the practicality results for teachers were 94% and students were 98%. In the results of its effectiveness by giving evaluation questions to class X students, an average of 83.7 was obtained, while the KKM for class The results of this research show that the learning module that has been created meets the third evaluation standard, namely validity, ease of use, and effectiveness.

This research was motivated by the fact that the learning process of moral aqidah was less enjoyable for students, it was found that students were not focused on learning, chatting with friends and sleeping in class and also the values ​​contained in learning Aqidah Morals had not been implemented in the students' daily lives. Based on this background, the author formulates the problem, namely how teachers teach moral aqidah methods for class VIII and the supporting and inhibiting factors for implementing class VIII learning methods at Mti Tarusan Kamang. This research uses a qualitative approach, to collect data by means of interviews and observations. The results of the research show that there are five learning methods used by teachers in learning moral aqidah in class VIII, namely the lecture method implemented by the teacher by starting to formulate learning objectives, preparing material and assessment techniques. However, teachers do not have good strategies and communication in delivering material so that there are students who are not enthusiastic about the teacher's explanation. The question and answer method is only used by teachers as a complementary method in implementing the lecture method. The teacher implements the exemplary method by providing examples in accordance with the values ​​contained in the material, but in some circumstances there are some teacher behaviors that cannot be used as examples. The habituation method often occurs outside of class hours and is carried out by routinizing several positive activities, but in some situations it becomes neglected due to busy school activities and this habituation seems to force students. And finally, the story method is implemented by the teacher as a complement to the lecture method. The supporting factor for implementing the Aqidah Akhlak class VIII learning method is because this method is seen as capable of achieving the objectives of learning Aqidah Akhlak. Meanwhile, the inhibiting factors are the lack of teacher preparation before teaching in the form of learning equipment and media, as well as the lack of communication and cooperation between teachers and students' parents.