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Malpractice in dental health services has become a complex legal issue as public awareness of service quality and patient rights continues to increase. The enactment of Law Number 17 of 2023 on Health introduces important changes in regulating the legal accountability of medical personnel, including dentists, particularly in relation to criminal liability for malpractice. This study analyzes the forms of dental malpractice and the criminal responsibility of dentists under the new Health Law. The research uses an empirical legal method with sociological and statutory approaches. Data were obtained through interviews and a review of relevant legislation, legal doctrines, and court decisions. The results show that dental malpractice can arise from negligence, failure to comply with professional standards, violations of standard operating procedures, and the absence or disregard of informed consent. Law Number 17 of 2023 stipulates that criminal liability for dentists can only be applied after a recommendation from the Professional Discipline Board, ensuring a clear distinction between inherent medical risks and professional misconduct. This framework is designed to provide balanced legal protection for both patients and dentists while strengthening legal certainty in malpractice case resolution. Consequently, dentists must understand professional standards and criminal liability mechanisms to practice responsibly and professionally.

Public service in the transportation sector plays a strategic role in ensuring public safety and comfort, particularly through roadworthiness testing (Kir) for public transportation. This study aims to analyze the implementation of public services in roadworthiness testing at the Bandar Lampung City Transportation Agency and to identify the factors influencing its service quality. The research employs a qualitative approach, with data collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The results indicate that the roadworthiness testing has been implemented systematically in accordance with statutory regulations, covering the stages of registration, technical inspection, result determination, and administrative completion. The application of technical inspections and on-field safety inspections (ramp checks) demonstrates the local government's commitment to improving public service quality and transportation safety. However, the implementation still faces several obstacles, including technological system disruptions, long waiting times, limited testing facilities and infrastructure, and a lack of understanding among some service users regarding the importance of roadworthiness. This study concludes that enhancing public services in roadworthiness testing requires strengthening the service systems, increasing human resource capacity, and raising public awareness to ensure services operate more effectively and remain oriented toward the public interest

This study examines the effectiveness of the SIPELANDUKILAT program (Population Administration Service System for Border and Remote Areas) in improving population administration services in rural and remote areas of Tanjung Palas Timur District, Bulungan Regency, North Kalimantan Province. Using qualitative descriptive methods with an inductive approach, data were collected through interviews with 10 informants, direct observation, and documentation. The theoretical framework employs Siagian's (2011) effectiveness theory, assessed through four dimensions: human resources, funds, facilities and infrastructure; quantity and quality of services; time; and procedures. Findings indicate that the program has not yet reached full effectiveness, particularly due to the absence of specialized training for operators, inadequate facilities and infrastructure, and the transition from the distributed SIAK system to a centralized SIAK system that rendered offline recording equipment unusable. Supporting factors include qualified human resources, assistance from the Provincial Civil Registry Office, and high community participation. The study recommends that Bulungan Regency accelerate adaptation to the centralized SIAK system, improve facilities and infrastructure, and strengthen inter-agency cooperation to optimize population administration services in remote areas.

In Surabaya City, the City Government through the Transportation Agency developed the Suroboyo Bus and Trans Semanggi programs to address traffic congestion, limited public transportation, and the need for safe, comfortable, and environmentally friendly transportation. However, complaints are still found regarding limited facilities, irregular schedules, and suboptimal communication services, so that service performance evaluation is needed from the user's perspective. This study aims to analyze the performance of Suroboyo Bus and Trans Semanggi public transportation services at the Surabaya City Transportation Agency using five public service performance indicators according to Dwiyanto et al. (2021), namely productivity, service quality, responsiveness, responsibility, and accountability. The approach used is quantitative with the Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) method. The results of the study show an average expectation score (importance) of 4.18 and a reality score (performance) of 3.86 with an overall gap of -0.32, which means that the performance of Suroboyo Bus and Trans Semanggi services still does not meet public expectations. Through the IPA mapping, three attributes are in Quadrant I (high priority): the friendly and professional attitude of staff, the adequacy of on-board facilities, and the transparency of official information regarding schedules and service changes. A total of 13 attributes are in Quadrant II (maintained), 13 attributes in Quadrant III (low priority), and one attribute in Quadrant IV (excessive).

Mawang Village occupies a strategic position as a buffer zone integrating the administrative center of Gowa Regency with other growth centers, featuring the ecological asset of Lake Mawang, which holds significant potential for ecotourism development. However, a discrepancy exists between spatial planning policies and the actual development of facilities and infrastructure on the ground. This study aims to identify the availability, accessibility, and physical feasibility of regional facilities and infrastructure as a fundamental database for area development. The method employed is descriptive-quantitative with a comparative analysis approach referring to the SNI 03-1733-2004 standards and spatial analysis. The findings indicate that religious and commercial/service facilities exhibit very high service levels with surplus conditions, while basic health facilities and early childhood education remain below minimum service standards. Spatially, the distribution of facilities tends to be concentrated along the main corridor, creating accessibility disparities for residents in inner residential areas. The collector road infrastructure is functionally adequate but lacks pedestrian facilities, while local roads suffer from pavement quality degradation. Furthermore, Lake Mawang, as a primary tourist attraction, still lacks basic supporting facilities. The implications of this research emphasize the need for equitable distribution of health facilities, revitalization of road quality, and the formulation of a comprehensive spatial detail plan for the lake area to achieve sustainable regional development based on local potential.

Health issues are complex and require new ideas for their resolution. Public health focuses on disease prevention, health promotion, and physical, mental, and social therapy. Maternal and Child Health (MCH) and women’s health throughout their life cycle are crucial public health issues as they have a significant impact on the quality of human resources in a generation. In Pukdale Village, East Kupang District, Kupang Regency, problems such as the lack of knowledge among pregnant women about Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED), pregnancy anemia, Exclusive Breastfeeding (EBF), balanced nutrition, and weaning have been identified. To address these issues, a Community Midwifery Care program based on community service was carried out, which included counseling, training, demonstrations, and simulations. The results of this activity showed a positive response and active participation from the community in Pukdale Village in the programs implemented by the students. There was a significant improvement in the knowledge of pregnant women about CED, pregnancy anemia, EBF, as well as the knowledge of mothers of infants about balanced nutrition and weaning. This is expected to improve the overall health status of the community in the village.

Community service with the theme of Expired Date (ED) and Beyond Use Date (BUD) aims to improve knowledge and understanding of proper medication storage as an effort to enhance the health of the Gagak Sipat community. Knowledge about medication usage limits and checking product expiration dates educates the public to be more cautious and to avoid health risks that may arise from consuming products that have exceeded their usage period or have expired. The use of medicines beyond their ED and BUD indicates that the drugs may have experienced reduced stability related to storage conditions. Decreased stability of pharmaceutical preparations can affect their physical quality, which in turn impacts the effectiveness and safety of the medication. The educational method used in this program included lectures accompanied by the distribution of leaflets, followed by practical simulations on checking ED and calculating BUD for various dosage forms. The results of this educational activity showed that community members were able to determine the ED and BUD for several pharmaceutical preparations such as tablets, powders, capsules, syrups, eye drops, ear drops, and others. The community in Gagak Sipat village gained an understanding of the risks associated with using medications beyond the BUD, including reduced effectiveness, the risk of microbial contamination, and potentially harmful chemical reactions. It was emphasized that some medications that are expired or used beyond their BUD can pose more serious health risks, especially when used to treat severe diseases.

The utilization of digital technology in government administration is a critical measure to improve employee performance and the efficiency of public services. However, the effectiveness of implementing this technology is highly determined by the degree to which employees accept the digital systems being used. This study aims to analyze the impact of digital technology acceptance on employee performance at the Mojoroto District Office in Kediri City. The research employs a quantitative method with an explanatory design. Information was obtained through a questionnaire survey distributed to all employees at the Mojoroto District Office, totaling 30 respondents, using total sampling techniques. Indicators of digital technology adoption were evaluated based on perceptions of benefits, operational ease, social pressure, and infrastructural support, while employee performance was assessed according to the quality of work output and responsibilities. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics, validity and reliability tests, and ordinal linear regression. The study findings indicate that digital technology acceptance has a positive and significant influence on employee performance. The coefficient of determination figure reveals that digital technology adoption can explain a large part of the fluctuations in employee performance, with the remaining variation influenced by variables outside the research model. These results imply that the greater the level of digital technology acceptance, the better the resulting employee performance. This study concludes that strengthening digital capabilities, technical guidance, and institutional support are key strategies for enhancing employee performance and public service quality at the district level.

The rapid development of digital technology has encouraged local governments to reform public service delivery in order to become more effective, transparent, and responsive to community needs. Pandeglang Regency, as a region that is gradually implementing digital-based public service innovations, faces both challenges and opportunities in this transformation process. This study aims to analyze the role of local government in improving public services through digital innovation in Pandeglang Regency by examining the forms of innovation implemented, the implementation process, and the perceived impacts on the community. This research employed a qualitative descriptive approach, with data collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and document analysis. The findings indicate that the local government plays a crucial role in promoting digital innovation through policy formulation, institutional coordination, and the provision of supporting resources. The implementation of digital innovation has contributed to improved service efficiency, increased access to information, and enhanced service transparency. However, the effectiveness of these innovations remains uneven due to limitations in human resource capacity and varying levels of digital literacy among citizens. The implications of this study suggest that successful digital innovation in public services requires sustained commitment from local governments, continuous capacity building for public officials, and inclusive service strategies to ensure that the benefits of digital transformation are equitably experienced across different segments of society.

This study aims to analyze and compare public administration systems in Indonesia and the United States, focusing on bureaucratic structure, decentralization mechanisms, and public service delivery. Using a qualitative approach through literature review, this research examines scholarly articles, policy documents, and relevant regulations published in recent years. The findings show that Indonesia adopts a hierarchical and relatively centralized bureaucratic structure within a decentralized unitary state framework, while the United States applies a federal system that grants constitutionally guaranteed autonomy to state governments. Decentralization in Indonesia emphasizes administrative and political authority transfer to local governments to improve service responsiveness, although challenges such as overlapping authority and uneven institutional capacity persist. In contrast, federalism in the United States enables flexible and innovative public service provision but also creates disparities among states. The study further reveals that public service effectiveness and responsiveness in both countries are influenced by bureaucratic capacity, coordination mechanisms, and digital governance implementation. This comparative analysis provides insights for policymakers to strengthen bureaucratic reform, improve intergovernmental coordination, and enhance public service quality in accordance with national governance contexts.

The development of e-Government has become a key strategy in modernizing public administration in various countries, including Australia and Indonesia. The application of information and communication technology in government administration aims to improve bureaucratic efficiency, the quality of public services, and realize the principles of good governance. This study aims to analyze and compare the development of public administration in the implementation of e-Government in Australia and Indonesia. The research method used is a qualitative approach with a literature review of relevant and accessible scientific journals, academic books, and policy documents. The results show that Australia has a higher level of e-Government maturity, characterized by good digital service integration, infrastructure readiness, and adequate human resource capacity. Meanwhile, Indonesia has shown significant progress through the implementation of the Electronic-Based Government System (SPBE), but still faces challenges such as infrastructure gaps, limited apparatus competency, and fragmented service systems. This research is expected to contribute concepts to the development of e-Government policies and public administration reform in Indonesia.  

The rapid development of digital technology has significantly increased public access to online activities, including online gambling, which has emerged as a serious social problem in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the impact of online gambling on the mental health and social behavior of young people. This research employed a descriptive method with a survey approach. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to young respondents who had experience or exposure to online gambling activities. The findings indicate that involvement in online gambling has a significant impact on mental health disorders such as stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms. In addition, online gambling contributes to a decline in social interaction quality, increased family conflict, social withdrawal, and reduced productivity. Behavioral changes such as impulsivity and decreased self-control were also identified among respondents. These results demonstrate that online gambling not only affects individuals psychologically but also disrupts social relationships and family harmony. Therefore, comprehensive preventive efforts are needed through digital literacy enhancement, family involvement, and psychological support services to protect young people from the negative consequences of online gambling.

Public service quality plays a crucial role in ensuring that social assistance is delivered effectively to vulnerable communities. This study aims to analyze the quality of public services in the distribution of social assistance by the Social Service Office of Kerinci Regency and to identify improvement efforts undertaken by the institution. This research employed a descriptive qualitative approach using observation, interviews, and documentation techniques. Informants consisted of Social Service officials, social facilitators, and beneficiary communities. Service quality analysis was conducted using the SERVQUAL dimensions: tangible, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. The findings indicate that the social assistance distribution service in Kerinci Regency is generally adequate, particularly in the assurance and empathy dimensions. Beneficiaries feel that services are delivered fairly, transparently, and without discrimination. However, obstacles remain in the tangible, reliability, and responsiveness aspects, including limited service facilities, inaccurate beneficiary data due to incomplete DTKS updates, and delays in assistance distribution in remote areas caused by geographical constraints. To address these challenges, the Social Service Office has implemented periodic data validation, strengthened coordination with village administrations, and optimized digital-based social service information systems. This study provides empirical evidence that can serve as an evaluation reference for local governments in improving transparent, effective, and equitable social assistance services.

This study analyzes the strategic role of quality-based marketing models in enhancing the competitiveness of kombucha products, with a specific focus on Rumah SCOBY DBA, produced by the Yayasan Dharma Bintang Akademia. By integrating Total Quality Management (TQM), Quality Assurance (QA), and Quality Control (QC), the research explores how quality-driven frameworks contribute to marketing effectiveness, consumer trust, brand positioning, and sustainable performance in the functional beverage industry. Employing a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) combined with conceptual analysis, the study systematically examined publications from 2015 to 2025 across leading academic databases, focusing on themes of quality management, functional beverage marketing, kombucha production, consumer behavior, and digital strategies. The findings reveal that product quality—characterized by fermentation stability, microbiological safety, and nutritional consistency—serves as the primary driver of consumer purchase intention. Process quality, through standardized SOPs, hygiene protocols, and traceability systems, reinforces credibility, while service quality, including transparent labeling, health education, and digital engagement, strengthens brand trust. Integrating TQM principles into marketing fosters consumer loyalty, differentiates brands in competitive markets, and supports long-term sustainability. This study provides practical guidance for producers, community-based enterprises, and policymakers to adopt quality-driven marketing models, offering a novel conceptual framework tailored to kombucha products and mapping future research directions in functional beverage innovation.

The digital transformation of population administration services has become a strategic agenda in improving the quality of public services in many countries. This study aims to comparatively analyze the implementation models of digital-based population administration services in Indonesia and Singapore. Using a qualitative approach with a literature review method, this study examines various scientific journals, policy documents, government reports, and relevant publications published in the last five years. The analysis focuses on identifying differences in implementation patterns, supporting and inhibiting factors, and best practices applied in both countries. The results show that Singapore has successfully implemented an integrated and user-centered digital population administration system supported by a strong national digital identity infrastructure, advanced technology, and high digital literacy among citizens. Meanwhile, Indonesia has made significant progress through the implementation of the Population Administration Information System and Digital Population Identity, but still faces challenges such as infrastructure inequality, limited human resource capacity, and uneven digital literacy. This comparative study highlights that the success of digital population administration services is determined not only by technology adoption but also by policy consistency, system integration, institutional capacity, and public participation. The findings are expected to provide policy insights and practical recommendations to strengthen digital population administration services in Indonesia in the future.  

This study aims to explore the condition of information technology infrastructure and to evaluate the extent to which the Lapak Aduan Banyumas service, managed by the Department of Communication and Informatics of Banyumas Regency, operates effectively. The study employs SWOT and Value Chain analysis approaches. A qualitative descriptive method is applied, with data collected through interviews and documentation involving officers responsible for managing the service. The results indicate that Lapak Aduan Banyumas has been operating optimally as a digital-based, transparent, and effective public complaint channel. Its main strengths lie in the ease of access through multiple service channels and the availability of features that enable real-time complaint status tracking. However, several challenges remain, including a limited number of human resources, less optimal collaboration among regional government organizations (OPDs), and network infrastructure constraints in several areas. The Value Chain analysis reveals that the complaint follow-up process and the dissemination of handling outcomes to the public represent the stages that generate the greatest added value in the service process. Therefore, this study suggests strengthening the complaint status monitoring system, enhancing inter-platform service integration, and utilizing artificial intelligence technologies to improve the complaint handling process. The findings of this study are expected to serve as a strategic basis for improving the quality of digital public services in Banyumas Regency.

Thousands of metric tonnes of garbage remain unmanaged, and despite available solutions, many people are still reluctant to participate in proper waste disposal. This study aimed to identify the reasons behind the unwillingness of different age groups in Kuta Selatan, Badung, Bali to separate their garbage into biodegradable and non-biodegradable categories. This qualitative research used surveys and interviews for data collection. The survey involved three age groups: adolescents (10–19) with 15 respondents, young adults (20–39) with 15 respondents, and middle adults (40–60) with 11 respondents. Interviews were conducted with two environmental experts, and the data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The results showed that reluctance across age groups stemmed mainly from limited awareness of the environmental benefits of waste separation and the negative impacts of improper disposal. Adolescents additionally cited the lack of strict policies and penalties. Young and middle adults shared similar reasons, mostly linked to insufficient knowledge and low motivation. Environmental experts emphasized the importance of improving public awareness of waste management practices and enhancing waste management infrastructure through additional facilities and better-quality services. Overall, this study highlights the need for stronger policies, improved infrastructure, and increased public education to boost community participation in waste separation in Kuta Selatan.

Public services at the sub-district level still face various obstacles, particularly limited human resources (HR), which impact the quality of services to the public. On the other hand, increasing public demands require sub-district governments to be more adaptive and responsive. This study aims to analyze the implementation of agile governance in improving the quality of public services under conditions of limited HR in Meteseh Sub-district, Semarang City. This study used a mixed methods approach with an explanatory sequential design. Quantitative data were collected through surveys of officials and service users, while qualitative data were obtained through in-depth interviews and institutional document reviews. Data analysis was conducted descriptively and thematically using triangulation techniques. The results indicate that limited HR impacts the speed and responsiveness of public services. However, good organizational adaptability and the partial application of agile governance principles can maintain the quality of public services in the good category. Work flexibility, internal collaboration, and digital adaptation are key supporting factors in mitigating the impact of limited HR. This study concludes that agile governance can be an effective alternative approach to improving the quality of public services at the sub-district level, especially under conditions of limited human resources.

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are major public health problems that develop slowly and are often asymptomatic in the early stages. The Baduy community has limited access to modern health services, resulting in a lack of routine health screening. This community service activity aimed to conduct health screening through uric acid, blood sugar, and blood pressure examinations as an effort for early detection of NCDs in the Baduy community of Kanekes Village, Lebak Regency, Banten. The activity methods included preparation, health examinations, health education, and evaluation. A total of 17 community members participated in the activity. The results showed that 41.2% of participants had elevated uric acid levels, 11.8% had high blood sugar levels, and 47.1% had high blood pressure. This activity increased community awareness of the importance of routine health checks and provided an initial overview of NCD risk factors. Health screening combined with education is expected to contribute to the prevention of NCDs and improvement of community quality of life.

Household waste management remains a major challenge in rural areas, including Sunggumanai Village, Pattallassang District, Gowa Regency. Low public awareness and the absence of a structured community-based waste management system have negatively affected environmental quality and public health. This community service activity aimed to enhance community knowledge, awareness, and participation through the socialization of community-based waste management toward a clean and healthy environment. The activity was conducted on September 27, 2025, involving 30 participants consisting of community representatives, housewives, youth, and community leaders. The methods applied included educational socialization, participatory discussions, and waste segregation simulations based on the 3R principles (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle). The results indicated an improvement in participants’ understanding of waste types, the environmental and health impacts of improper waste management, and the importance of collective waste management practices. Participants also demonstrated positive attitudes and readiness to implement household waste segregation, as well as emerging ideas for establishing community-based waste management initiatives. In conclusion, this activity proved to be an effective initial step in promoting behavioral change toward sustainable waste management and supporting the creation of a clean and healthy village environment.