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This study examines the importance of structural analysis in understanding the depth of a literary work, particularly the drama script "Bila Malam Bertambah Malam" by Putu Wijaya. Through a systematic approach, this research identifies and analyzes intrinsic elements such as theme, plot, characters, setting, language style, dialogue, and message in the drama script. The method of structural analysis is employed to comprehend how these elements interact and contribute to the overall meaning of the literary work. The findings of this research reveal the complexity of the messages conveyed by Putu Wijaya, especially concerning social class issues and the conflict between love and traditional norms. The research findings can serve as a useful reference source in Indonesian language learning at the high school level, enriching the understanding of literature, and contributing to the development of Indonesian literary studies. Although structural analysis provides a deep understanding of the literary work, there is still room for further research to comprehend other aspects of the drama script and its implications in the context of literature and literary education.

This study aimed to determine the stand structure and tree canopy cover in forest and parak ecosystems in Lubuk Kilangan District, Padang City. This is a descriptive research with a direct observation throught purposive random sampling method. Data were collected by making six of 20 x 20 m plots in each primary forest and parak ecosystem. Tree diameters ≥10 cm were measured in each plot and canopy cover were collected using the Hemispherical Photography method using a mobile phone front camera equipped with a fish-eye lens. Data were analyzed in terms of stand density, basal area, Stand Basal Area (SBA), and percentage of canopy cover. The average tree density in the primary forest area was 913 individuals/ha, while the tree density in the parak was 467 individuals/ha. The SBA value in the primary forest was higher than in the parak, which was 64.10 m2/ha in the primary forest and 14,72 m2/ha in the parak. The average percentage of canopy cover in both areas shows that the percentage of primary forest canopy cover was greater than that of parak. The average value of the percentage of canopy cover in the forest area was 80.48%, while in the parak area was 71.23%. Correlation between tree density, canopy cover, SBA was only occured in primary forest area where the canopy cover negatively correlated with SBA. This study showed that the primary forest area and parak in Lubuk Kilangan Subdistrict have a good tree density, SBA and tree canopy covers.

This research examines the drama script "Storm Throughout the Night" by Max Arifin with a structural approach. This drama raises the main theme of the conflict between idealism and reality in everyday life, especially regarding environmental changes from cities to villages. Through analysis of intrinsic elements such as theme, characters, plot, setting, language style, and message, it was found that the main characters, Jamil and Saenah, face inner conflicts between expectations and reality as well as personal values ​​and social pressure. The storyline depicts their emotional and mental journey in adapting to a new environment and searching for identity. This research shows the importance of maintaining loyalty to idealistic values ​​and the importance of dialogue and interaction in facing social challenges. A structural approach helps reveal the relationships between elements in a drama text, providing a deeper understanding of the meaning and message of this literary work.

This study aims to analyze the plot of the drama script "Nilam binti Malin" by Karta Kusumah which is seen from the overall development of the plot. This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive analytical methods. This research instrument is the researcher himself as the main instrument, data collection is carried out through the stages of literature study, observation, interviews, and documentation. The steps in analyzing data are collecting data, describing the data, analyzing, and making conclusions. The results showed that the plot of the drama Nilam bint Malin used Henshaw's Montage theory, namely Exposition, Generating Circumstance, Rising Action, Climax, Falling Action, and Cata Strophe. The exposition introduces the character of Nilam, Malin's daughter, as well as other figures such as Malin, Mandeh, Warga, Kru Kapal, and Tukang Kaba. The flow of events began to move right when Patchouli arrived at Air manis Beach and began to know about problems in the village. Until the part where the situation began to heat up where Nilam began to know the problems that existed in Air Manis village and Nilam knew what was the reason behind her father who was petrified on the beach.

This study is about the analysis of ontological metaphors in Pink Floyd’s selected songs based on the metaphors theory by Lakoff and Johnson. In Lakoff and Johnson theory, metaphors are divided into structural metaphors, oriental metaphors, and ontological metaphors.The author uses qualitative methods in conducting this research. Researchers focused on written data in the form of scripts from lyrics of Pink Floyd selected songs. The researcher uses Jan Mukarovsky's dynamic structuralism approach. There is a relationship between ontological metaphors, social commentary, and idealism. The purpose of this study is so that people can know the impact of ontological metaphors in songs.  If they are aware, then this will benefit themselves and the people around them. This research concludes that Pink Floyd often uses ontological metaphors to convey their metaphorical expression and idealism. From this ontological metaphor in Pink Floyd's selected songs, there are plots, characters, themes, and points of view that can be analyzed.

English as an international language is an important language to be proficient in since it is used all over the globe. English is not an easy language to learn. Understanding phrases or expressions is very important when speaking English. The foundation for making sentences in English is to first understand words that are often used in everyday life (everyday vocabulary) and being able to effectively construct sentences that can be understood by others is a prerequisite for being able to compose sentences in English. The method used in the implementation of community service at SMPI Darul Muminin Bekasi school is the visual method and English card. The method of forming sentences using English cards emphasizes the ability of students to understand sentences using learnt vocabulary that is used to be assembled in a plot of a story. The application of the game technique method of composing sentences using English cards is considered very effective and fun, it is hoped that one day this method can be used as a model to develop learning activities in the classroom.

The objective of this research was to determine the effect of the optimum dose of chicken manure on the growth and production  of  land kale plants. The research was conducted from July to August 2023 in Talimoro Village, Ermera sub-District, Ermera Municipality, at an altitude of 800 m. above the sea level. The experimental design used was a single factor Randomized Block Design (RBD), with 4 treatments repeated 4 times in 4 blocks, the dose of chicken manure with the symbol (A) and the dose/plant was as follows: A0 = No dose of chicken manure (Control) or 0 gr/plant; A1= Dosage of chicken manure 100g/plant; A2 = Dosage of chicken manure 200 g / plant; and A3 = chicken manure dose of  300 gr/plant. Thus, the total plots obtained 16 plot units.The results of the research showed that treatment with a dose of chicken manure of 200 gr/plant provided the best growth in all parameters observed, namely, number of leaves, plant height, stem diameter and leaf area and also the highest production yield, namely 4.51 Kg/plot or 23.00 tons. /ha, and the lowest production results were obtained in the treatment without a dose of manure (Control), namely 1.31 Kg/plot or 6.68 tons/ha and the optimum results were obtained in the treatment with a dose of 100 gr/plant chicken manure with a value of 2.86 kg/plot or 12.55 tons/ha.

The aim’s of this research was to determine the effect of mulch type on the growth and yield of eggplant plants. This research was carried out from February to May 2018. In Fatuquero village, Railaco sub-District, Ermera Municipality, it is located at an altitude of 800 m above sea level. The design used in this research was a single factor Randomized Block Design, namely Mulch (M) which was repeated 4 times, namely M0 = No Mulch (control), M1 = Rice Straw Mulch, M2 = Black Plastic Mulch and M3 = White Plastic Mulch silver.  In general, the effect of mulch type provides very significant differences in all growth parameters and yield parameters. The research results showed that the silver white plastic mulch (M3) gave the highest yield, namely 8.03 kg/plot and the lowest yield was obtained in the treatment without mulch (M0) with a value of 4.83 kg/plot.

Agrosilvopastura as one of the branches of the agroforestry system is one of the land management systems that may be offered to overcome the problems arising from land conversion and simultaneously to overcome the problem of food availability. Manimbahoi and Sicini villages located in Parigi of Gowa Regency, where both villages have the potential of long standing agrosilvopastura system on brand lands, this research is to know (1) Management of agrosilvopastura (2) Level of diversity and value of agrosilvopastura ecological productivity. (3) Economic productivity resulting from agrosilvopastura management in meeting the daily needs and increasing the income of the local community. Methods of field survey research interviewed 30 respondents with purposive sampling and plot measuring 20X20 m to determine ecological and economical productivity and statistical analysis to determine the diversity ecological and economic income. The results of the research show the diversity in Manimbahoi village of 1.2 and 1.3 and 1.3, respectively, are at a low level of diversity. Sicini village, 1.7 pole 1.5 trees are of medium diversity, while 1, 3 stakes are at a low level of diversity while from the questionnaire found acceptance of Agrosilvopastura management of the economical productivity of Manimbahoi and Sicini Village of Rp. 11,112,000 every month, the total revenue of agriculture sector and Sicini Village farm is Rp. 6,446,000 every month. Forestry sector revenue does not exist, because farmers do not know the market network to sell forest products, farmers only use their own for household needs

This research used genetic structuralisme study hat aimed to described instrinsic structure, extrinsic structure, and interpretative genitive elements of  Novel “Hafalan Shalat Delisa” written by Tere Liye. This research was library research with qualitative descriptive approach. The primary data gained from the Novel of “Hafalan Shalat Delisa” and the seceondary data gained from another source that related to this research. Data collection fo this research were (1) noted and reread the novel of Hafalan Shalat Delisa written by Tere Liye, (2) analysed the whole data that related genetic structuralisme Novel “Hafalan Shalat Delisa” written by Tere Liye. The findings showed that (1) the structure of Novel Hafalan Shalat Delisa that has a theme of “ethics education” in amuslims family. The theme, plot, conflict, figure, setting and message described the good relationship, totally, and life way of delisa’s family. (2) Tere Liye as a writer of Novel “Hafalan Shalat Delisa”, really like the life founded with Islamic religious value. Her personal background was represented his Novel “Hafalan Shalat Delisa” which was full of moral and religious value, (3) Aceh community which was very religious with the majority of Moslem underwent Tsunami and Earthquake. The condition became the background of the born of the novel “Hafalan Shalat Delisa” by Tere Liye. The novel was written to memorize tsunami in Aceh in 2004. Tere Liye emphasized that the community of Aceh always consistence in holding religious teaching to the face the effect of tsunami and earthquake

The role of the younger generation in improving quality in the agricultural sector has a very crucial role. However, nowadays soil fertility in Indonesia is decreasing day by day as agricultural land use becomes more intensive. So that young people's insight regarding environmentally friendly cultivation techniques through organic farming needs to be added and strengthened to create progress in the fields of agriculture and food security. The aim of this service activity is an effort to increase the younger generation's understanding of organic farming through counseling and creating demonstration plots for organic vegetable cultivation using vegetable pesticides and liquid organic fertilizer (POC) to increase agricultural products and stabilize the economy of the surrounding community. The activity method is carried out through counseling, socialization and direct practice through making demonstration plots. Counseling about organic farming and its impact on the environment. The demonstration plot focused on the correct working methods and techniques in organic farming through the application of liquid organic fertilizer (POC) and vegetable pesticides. Following this community service activity program, it shows that the knowledge and skills of the younger generation of farmers have increased regarding organic vegetable cultivation and the impact of organic farming on the environment. Keyword: organic fertilizer, agriculture, demonstration plots, environment

The movie "Pulang" presents a story that uses the theory of inner conflict in building a reverse chronology plot, to describe the emotional journey of the main character Karin, who must overcome and accept inner conflict triggered by dissociative amnesia due to trauma experienced by her mother 2 years ago. By introducing the audience to Karin's life, which is characterized by sincerity and patience in taking care of her mother despite not being considered a child by her own mother due to amnesia, this film uses the theory of inner conflict in the mother character. Through the inner conflict theory, it can build a reverse chronology plot twist. Through the reverse chronology plot twist, the audience is invited to explore the past of Rama and his mother, detailing the traumatic event that resulted in the amnesia. The combination of inner conflict and plot twist reverse chronology in the context of trauma and amnesia creates a story that is full of pain, full of inner struggle, and is able to arouse empathy from the audience towards the complexity of humans in dealing with past wounds.

This research is entitled Analysis of Intrinsic Elements in the Film Nussa: The Movie Director Boni Wirasmono in Representing Moral Values to Children. The animated film Nussa: The Movie is an animated film with a family, comedy genre and is popular with children because this type of film is packaged in a funny and interesting way. The animated film Nussa: The Movie was produced by The Little Giantz studio and Visinema Pictures and directed by Bony Wirasmono. The aim of this research is to emphasize the intrinsic elements in the form of characters, plot and setting contained in the animated film Nussa: The Movie directed by Boni Wirasmono. In this research, researchers used qualitative descriptive methods to find the intrinsic elements contained in the animated film Nussa: The Movie.

Today's youth cannot be separated from gadgets. Gadgets are not only used as a communication tool, but tend to be used to carry out online activities, one of which is online games. The environment of the game is based on violent plot activity, aggression and even gender intimidation. Aggressive actions taken by children as a result of playing games can appear because they lack or even do not care about real life. The study aims to determine the relationship between the use of online games and aggressive verbal behavior in adolescents in Bumisari Village, Bojongsari District, Purbalingga Regency. The sampling technique with a total sampling of 89 teenagers. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire on the use of online games and aggressive behavior. The results showed that there was a relationship between the use of online games and verbal aggressive behavior in adolescents in Bumisari Village, Bojongsari District, Purbalingga Regency. The results of the correlation test using the Spearman Rho test showed a value of p = 0.001 or p = ≤ 0.05. The correlation value (r) was obtained r = 0.349 which indicates a moderate (moderate) correlation strength between the use of online games and verbal aggressive behavior. The correlation value of r = 0.349 shows a positive relationship, which means that the higher the intensity of using online games, the higher the aggressive verbal behavior will be. The conclusion is that online games are related to verbal aggressive behavior in adolescents

This paper aims to present an in-depth psychological analysis of the novel "Kisah dan Hujan Pun Berhenti" by a renowned author. In this work of literature, the author explores the psychological aspects of the main characters who face various issues and conflicts in their lives. This research utilizes various psychological theories to understand the psychological changes of these characters and how they respond to various events in the story. The analysis encompasses character development, internal and external conflicts, mental disorders, and the influence of the environment and weather on the psychological well-being of the characters. Additionally, this paper delves into the symbolism and metaphors that may be contained within the novel, providing additional insights into the psychological aspects of the story. The results of the analysis show that the characters in "Kisah dan Hujan Pun Berhenti" undergo significant changes throughout the narrative, reflecting psychological aspects such as personal growth, inner conflicts, and how they cope with trauma or difficulties. The environment and weather also play a vital role in portraying the characters' emotions and driving the plot. This research offers a deeper understanding of how psychology plays a central role in shaping the narrative and characters in this work of literature. In conclusion, the novel presents the complexity of human life and invites readers to contemplate the psychological aspects of the journey.

Literary work is a work of imagination expressed in written form by a writer. These literary works are created by writers for aesthetic purposes. Literary works often tell a story, plot, characterization and conflict background. Stories based on essays or true stories produced as literary works, to convey ideas and positive messages from the author to readers. The method used in this research is qualitative analysis and is linked to Maslow's Needs theory. Needs are very often called basic needs which are described as a hierarchy that describes the levels of needs, namely, physiological needs, safety, social needs, ego, and self-actualization. The method used is related to the conditions and situations of the subject in the novel. In the novel Dear Nathan, there are characters that will be discussed, namely Nathan, Salma, Daniel, Ardi (Papa Nathan), and Mama Meli (Mama Nathan), the characters consist of character, protagonist, antagonist, tritagonist. Mixed storyline, sad, happy, touched, regretful. Messages in the novel: Be grateful, learn to understand, give love, be sincere, be loyal, keep promises, make sacrifices, be faithful. In this research, it is hoped that readers can understand the message given by the author.

Erosion or erosion is the erosion of the earth's crust caused by water, ice or wind. Soil erosion is a threat that can occur at any time so there is a need for land conservation strategies to overcome it. Soil conservation is the placement of each plot of land in a way of use that is appropriate to the soil's capabilities, which aims to eliminate negative impacts such as erosion. The aim of this research is to provide information about soil erosion and land conservation strategies. In writing this article, we used the literature study method so that the information was obtained from various bibliographic sources, such as books, scientific articles and journals.

Soil plays an important role for all living things, where soil is a source of livelihood. It acts as a planting medium, a water reservoir, and a place for us to do activities. All of these activities are carried out on the land (Natasha Hutabarat et al., n.d.). In the community itself, land ownership is always a problem that is often encountered, whether it is the problem of unfixed land boundaries, land tenure, and land grabbing. The National Land Agency (BPN) as the institution that organizes land registration has a Complete Systematic Land Registration (PTSL) program that makes it easier for the community to register land so as to avoid land conflicts. In order to accelerate land registration, PTSL in Samarinda City this time uses media or tools to take measurements using the photogrammetric method, namely the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) to obtain aerial images or the latest images. In its implementation, the community is asked to install boundary signs that have been delivered or socialized by BPN employees. So that the boundaries of the land plot can be seen from the UAV and visible from aerial images  

The rise of the internet horror can be found online, in particular as a type of stories called the “creepypasta”. There seems to be a few studies on creepypasta that focus on the narrative structure. An American philosopher Noël Carroll who explains the structure of horror narratives and how it can be used to produce the desired horror effect. The theory used in this research is the plot structure and suspense as stated by Carroll. The central question of this research is how to explain the structures of plot and suspense in a creepypasta story, in light of Carroll’s theory. The creepypasta selected for this study is “Abandoned by Disney” by Christopher Howard Wolf. The analysis is conducted using qualitative content analysis method. The findings show that the plot structure corresponds to Carroll’s complex-discovery plot, with a longer onset stage, where the story’s monster is foreshadowed, and a shorter discovery stage, where the monster is revealed. The suspense, in the form of story questions generated in the reader, corresponds to the plot stages; the longer onset stage generates more questions to sustain suspense, and the discovery stage generates fewer questions as the monster is revealed.

Identity is a way that distinguishes the character or innate nature of living things, things, or humans themselves that characterize them. Brand Identity is a sign of identifying an identity of a brand as a differentiator from other brands. Brand Identity design can be notarized successfully when the brand identity represents a brand, in its delivery in the form of logos, applications, on stationary sets and on promotional media.Coconut Orchids Nursery is an orchid flower cultivation place that has a fairly complete orchid collection. Coconut Orchids Nursery plans to develop its business. In order for the planning to be measurable, it is necessary to design strategic planning in the form of strategy plots and work programs. Brand identity design is needed as a standard strategy program in a business / company. In order to be effective, a brand identity must be distinguishable from competing brands and be able to represent the product, service, or company over time. Efforts in achieving brand identity must be done with full commitment and consistency because the benefits will be worth it if successful.